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Improving clinical outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma:Role of antiviral therapy,conversion therapy,and palliative therapy

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第10期16卷 4037-4041页

作者： Vishal g Shelat Department of general Surgery Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore 308433Singapore

In this editorial,I comment on three articles published in the recent issue of the World Journal of gastrointestinal *** carcinoma(HCC)is an important public health concern,and there are three articles on the theme of HCC in this issue.I focus on the articles by Mu et al,Chu et al,and Ma et al for this *** these articles may be considered as low-quality evidence,and the results cannot be generalized to non-hepatitis-B or C virus patients,the discussion of the results is *** addition,though all the articles are from China,the relevance of the results is not *** resection is the main form of curative treatment modality owing to a donor liver shortage,surgeons need to be aware that preoperative long-course antiviral therapy can improve clinical outcomes by reducing postoperative liver dysfunction and recurrence of HCC following ***,patients with super-giant HCC(defined as≥15 cm diameter)should also be carefully considered for liver resection,and if it is unresectable upfront,then a combination of liver-directed therapy and systemic therapy may downstage ***,following downstaging,the patient qualifies for liver resection based on locally prevalent resectability criteria,then such therapy is labelled as conversion(from unresectable to resectable)*** unresectable patients treated by a combination of treatment options,serological markers like neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and alpha-fetoprotein are reported to predict treatment responses,thus enabling personalized medicine.

关键词： Antivirals Chemoembolization Conversion therapy Hepatocellular carcinoma Lenvatinib Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio

Semi-analytical investigation of heat transfer in a porous convective radiative moving longitudinal fin exposed to magnetic field in the presence of a shape-dependent trihybrid nanofluid

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第1期45卷 197-216页

作者： C.g.PAVITHRA B.J.gIREESHA M.L.KEERTHI Department of Pg Studies and Research in Mathematics Kuvempu UniversityShankaraghatta 577451India Department of Mathematics and Statistics M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesBengaluru 560058India

The thermal examination of a non-integer-ordered mobile fin with a magnetism in the presence of a trihybrid nanofluid(Fe_3O_4-Au-Zn-blood) is carried out. Three types of nanoparticles, each having a different shape, are considered. These shapes include spherical(Fe_3O_4), cylindrical(Au), and platelet(Zn) configurations. The combination approach is utilized to evaluate the physical and thermal characteristics of the trihybrid and hybrid nanofluids, excluding the thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity. These two properties are inferred by means of the interpolation method based on the volume fraction of nanoparticles. The governing equation is transformed into a dimensionless form, and the Adomian decomposition Sumudu transform method(ADSTM) is adopted to solve the conundrum of a moving fin immersed in a trihybrid nanofluid. The obtained results agree well with those numerical simulation results, indicating that this research is reliable. The influence of diverse factors on the thermal overview for varying noninteger values of γ is analyzed and presented in graphical representations. Furthermore, the fluctuations in the heat transfer concerning the pertinent parameters are studied. The results show that the heat flux in the presence of the combination of spherical, cylindrical, and platelet nanoparticles is higher than that in the presence of the combination of only spherical and cylindrical nanoparticles. The temperature at the fin tip increases by 0.705 759% when the value of the Peclet number increases by 400%, while decreases by 11.825 13% when the value of the Hartman number increases by 400%.

关键词： convection radiation moving longitudinal fin Adomian decomposition Sumudu transform method(ADSTM) trihybrid nanofluid magnetic field

Pressurized environments directly influence friction and wear of dry steel contacts—Investigations in a novel high fluid pressure tribometer

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Friction 2024年第7期12卷 1599-1617页

作者： Paul REICHLE Jakob BARZ georg UMLAUF günter E.M.TOVAR Institute of Interfacial Process Engineering and Plasma Technology(IgVP) University of StuttgartStuttgart 70569Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology(IgB) Stuttgart 70569Germany

To reduce the usage of classical lubricants in deep drawing,a new tribological system based on volatile lubricants was ***,a volatile medium is injected under high pressure into the interstice between drawing tool and sheet *** on temperature and pressure,the temporary lubricant may exist in its gaseous or liquid *** this study,a novel high fluid pressure tribometer was designed to investigate the friction and wear of dry steel contacts under comparable conditions like in dry deep ***,a new ball-on-disc tribometer was designed and integrated into a high-pressure *** specifically investigate the effects of different environments(technical air,liquid and gaseous carbon dioxide,nitrogen,argon)at atmospheric and high pressure(0.1 MPa,6 MPa)on tribology,the specimens and all components were operating *** the experiments,the friction was measured *** show that the highest friction occurs in air and the lowest in carbon dioxide *** to the experiments,the wear of the specimens was assessed along with changes in surface chemistry related to tribochemical ***,the tribology of the dry sliding contacts is correlated to changes of the surface *** differences as well as similarities regarding the different fluid environments are *** the results show,the differences between the media used are most pronounced at elevated ***,this work gives clear indications on the suitability of volatile lubricants in dry friction or rather gas lubrication,especially for dry deep drawing.

关键词： dry friction and dry wear gas lubrication carbon dioxide tribo-layer dry metal forming

Review: update on performance assessment and monitoring systems for ophthalmologists

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Annals of Eye Science 2024年第1期9卷 24-33页

作者： Heather g.Mack Centre for Eye Research Australia University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia

Performance assessment and monitoring systems are the process by which ophthalmologists demonstrate they are fit to continue *** is the process by which licensed doctors are legally required to demonstrate to medical regulators that they are up to date and fit to practice in order to maintain their medical license,and began in the United Kingdom(UK)in 2012 following well-publicized *** is a different process which began in North America and demonstrates doctors have maintained competence,without involvement of external *** for and against the concept of performance assessment are *** in performance assessment,whether part of the process or not,are doctors themselves,peers and other health care providers,patients,hospitals and health systems,medical regulators,and health policy *** models of performance assessment included portfolios,credit accumulation,and closed-book *** are in evolution with the value of formative rather than summative assessments,and the need for methods of assessing procedural competency increasingly *** methods of performance assessment of practicing ophthalmologists include use of performance indicators,simulation,and workplace-based *** methods of assuring the public by improved detection of outliers are *** weak evidence supporting performance assessments in demonstrating continuing competency to practice,the process is gradually being accepted *** research into optimum methods of performance assessment and monitoring processes is required,along with cost-benefit analysis.

关键词： Performance assessment revalidation recertification maintenance of competency relicensure

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Renalof® versus Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy (ESWL) for the Treatment of Kidney Stones ≤ 1 cm in Nicaragua

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Health 2024年第7期16卷 674-687页

作者： Mélida M. Aguilar Chamorro Sergio vargas Collado Leslie Pérez Ruíz David Márquez Soriano Jorge Luis Soriano garcía Clínica Senior Managua Nicaragua Centro de Inmunología Molecular Havana Cuba Catalysis S.L. Madrid Spain

Objectives: To assess the efficiency in terms of cost-effectiveness (CE) of oral Renalof® treatment versus extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) in the treatment of kidney stones ≤ 1 cm in Nicaragua. Methods: A cost-effectiveness economic evaluation was carried out based on the results obtained in the randomised, prospective, observational, single-blind, prospective, phase 2 clinical trial. Cost-effectiveness and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) were calculated. Economic data were obtained from the Economics Department of Clínica Senior in Managua, Nicaragua. The monetary cost was expressed in US dollars (USD). Results: Treatment with Renalof® yielded a CE of $1,323.08/% remission, while ESWL was $9,498.54/% remission. The ICER shows that, in order to achieve a high percentage of kidney stone remission with ESWL, an extra $4,734.70 per patient must be invested. Conclusions: The use of Renalof® is shown to be a more cost-effective option than ESWL. It is recommended for the treatment of kidney stones ≤ 1 cm in size.

关键词： Economic Evaluation Pharmacoeconomics Renalof® Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy Kidney Stones

Hepatoprotective properties of oleanolic and ursolic acids in anti-tubercular drug-induced liver damage

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第7期9卷 625-632页

作者： gabriel A.gutiérrez-Rebolledo georgina A.Siordia-Reyes Mariana Meckes-Fischer Adelina Jiménez-Arellanes Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología (UIMF) UMAE Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional-Siglo XXI (CMN-SXXI)Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) Servicio de Patología UMAE Hospital de PediatríaCMN-SXXIIMSS Centro de Diagnóstico en Metabolismo Energético y Medicina Mitocondrial A.C.

Objective:To estimate to what extent the mixture of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid,in addition to the antitubercular standard regime,affects the hepatotoxicity ***:Liver injury was induced in male BALB/c mice by administering,per os and daily for 11 weeks,a combination of anti-Tubercular(anti-TB) agents Rifampicin(10 mg/kg),Isoniazid(10 mg/kg),and Pyrazinamide(30 mg/kg).The ursolic acid and oleanolic acid mixture at doses of 100 or 200 μg/mouse/day was subcutaneously injected throughout the entire study period(11 weeks).Biochemical and hematological analysis was supplemented by liver histological ***:Animals treated with the mixture of triterpenic acids exhibited significantly decreased aspartate transaminase and alanine aminotransferase levels and amelioration of the histopathological alterations produced by the anti-TB ***:The triterpene mixture is able to prevent the steatosis induced by the anti-TB drugs.

关键词： Ursolic acid Oleanolic acid Hepatoprotector effect Antitubercular drugs Triterpenes

Periodontitis:An often-neglected complication of diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 318-325页

作者： Marina g Kudiyirickal Joseph M Pappachan Primary Care Dental Practice The Smile ClinicPreston PR16PZUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

The bidirectional association between type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and periodontitis is now well established,resulting in periodontal disease being considered as the 6th major complication of diabetes mellitus(DM)after cardiovascular disease,eye disease,neuropathy,nephropathy,and peripheral vascular *** can worsen the virulence and invasiveness of pathogenic oral microbial flora aggravating the local inflammation and infection in those with periodontal *** the other hand,the chemical and immunological mediators released into the circulation as part of periodontal inflammation worsen the systemic insulin resistance with worsening of *** if undiagnosed or left untreated can also result in eventual tooth loss.A study by Xu et al in the World Journal of Diabetes examined the predictive factors associated with periodontitis in Chinese patients with *** prevalence of periodontitis was found to be 75.7%in this *** on logistic regression analysis,the predictive factors for higher risk were low tooth brushing frequency[odds ratio(OR)=4.3],high triglycerides(Tg;OR=3.31),high total cholesterol(TC;OR=2.87),higher glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c;OR=2.55),and higher age(OR=1.05)while higher education level was protective(OR=0.53).However,the most influential variables were HbA1c followed by age,TC,Tg,low education level,brushing frequency,and sex on the random forest model(this model showed higher sensitivity for predicting the risk).A good understanding of the predictors for periodontitis in T2DM patients is important in prevention,early detection of susceptible patients,and intervention to improve periodontal health and enable long-term glycaemic control as observed by Xu et al.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Periodontitis Predictive factors Cardiovascular disease glycaemic control

Regionalization of epididymal duct and epithelium in rats and mice by automatic computer-aided morphometric analysis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2005年第3期7卷 267-275,页

作者： C.Soler J.J.deMonserrat M.Núez R.gutiérrez J.Núez M.Sancho T.g.Cooper Departmentof Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology University of ValènciaValència 46112Spain Departamentode Ouímica y Biología Universidad del NorteBarranquillaColombia Instituteof Reproductive Medicine University of MünsterMünster D-48129Germany

Aim： To establish a rat and mouse epididymal map based on the use of the Epiquatre automatic software for histologic image analysis. Methods： Epididymides from five adult rats and five adult mice were fixed in alcoholic Bouin＇s fixative and embedded in paraffin. Serial longitudinal sections through the medial aspect of the organ were cut at 10 jam and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. As determined from major connective tissue septa, nine subdivisions of the rat epididymis and seven for the mouse were determined, consisting of five sub-regions in the caput （rat and mouse）, one （mouse） or three （rat） in the corpus and one in the cauda （rat and mouse）. Using the Epiquatre software, several tubular, luminal and epithelial morphometric parameters were evaluated. Results： Statistical comparison of the quantitative parameters revealed regional differences （2-5 in the rat, 3-6 in the mouse, dependent on parameters） with caput regions 1 and 2 being largely distinguishable from the similar remaining caput and corpus, which were in turn recognizable from the cauda regions in both species. Conclusion： The use of the Epiquatre software allowed us to establish regression curves for different morphometric parameters that can permit the detection of changes in their values under different pathological or experimental conditions. （Asian J Androl 2005 Sep; 7： 267-275）

关键词： rat mouse epididymis morphometry zonation computer-aided image analysis Epiquatre Software

guest Editorial:Knowledge‐based deep learning system in bio‐medicine

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第4期9卷 787-789页

作者： Yu‐Dong Zhang Juan Manuel górriz University of Leicester LeicesterUK University of granada GranadaSpain

Numerous healthcare procedures can be viewed as medical sector *** the modern era,computers have become indispensable in the realm of medical decision‐***-ever,the common view of computers in the medical field typically extends only to applications that support doctors in diagnosing *** more tightly intertwine computers with the biomedical sciences,professionals are now more frequently utilising knowledge‐driven deep learning systems(KDLS)and their foundational technologies,especially in the domain of neuroimaging(NI).

关键词： learning computer doctor