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Influence of optical filtering on transmission capacity in single mode fiber communications

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2015年第4期8卷 424-430页

作者： m. Venkata SUDHAKAR Y. mallikarjuna reddy B. Prabhakara RAO Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Jawaharlal Nehru Technological (JNT) University Kakinada AP India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vasireddy Venkatadri Institute of Technology Guntur AP India

This paper presents the design and analysis of optical filters that are placed at the output of directly modulated vertical cavity surface emitting laser （VCSEL） in the process of inexpensive transmitter＇s implementation for upcoming generation optical access network. generation of non return to zero （NRZ） optical signal from the transmitter for 110 km error-free single mode fiber （SmF） transmission at 10 gb/s with bit error rate （BER） of 10-30 in the absence of the external modulator and encoder was proposed. Effects of super-gaussian and Butterworth optical filters at VCSEL output were demonstrated to maximize performance of SmF optical systems without need of any dispersion compensation technique.

关键词： single mode fiber (SmF) optical filter,dispersion data rate

Field efficacy of insect pathogen, botanical, and jasmonic acid for the manag.m.nt of wheat midge Sitodiplosis mosellana and the impact on adult parasitoid macroglenes penetrans populations in spring wheat

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Insect Science 2019年第3期26卷 523-535页

作者： govinda Shrestha gadi V. P. reddy Department of Research Centers Western Triangle Agricultural Research Center Montana State University Conrad Montana USA

The wheat midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana, is a serious pest of wheat worldwide. In North America, manag.m.nt of S. mosellana in spring wheat relies on the timely application of pesticides, based on midge adults levels caught in pheromone traps or seen via field scouting during wheat heading. In this context, biopesticides can be an effective alternative to pesticides for controlling S. mosellana within an Integrated Pest manag.m.nt program. A field study using insect pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana gHA, nematode Steinernema Jeltiae with Barricade polymer gel 1%, pyrethrin, combined formulations of B. bassiana gHA and pyrethrin, Jasmonic acid (JA) and chlorpyrifos (chemical check) was performed to determine to which extent they affect midge larval populations, kernel damage levels, grain yield, and quality, and the impacts on adult parasitoid macroglenes penetrans populations. The results indicated that biopesticides JA and S. Jeltiae were the most effective in reducing larval populations and kernel damage levels, and produced a higher spring wheat yield when compared to the water control at both study locations (East Valier and North Valier, montana, USA). Increased test weight in wheat had been recorded with two previous biopesticides at East Valier but not for North Valier, when compared over water control. These results were comparable in efficacy to the chlorpyrifos. This study also suggested that B. bassiana and pyrethrin may work synergistically, as exemplified by lower total larval populations and kernel damage levels when applied together. This study did not demonstrate the effect of any treatments on m. penetrans populations.

关键词： biological control biopesticides entomopathogen Integrated Pest manag.m.nt

Impact of Forestry Interventions on groundwater Recharge and Sediment Control in the ganga River Basin

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Open Journal of Forestry 2023年第1期13卷 13-31页

作者： Ombir Singh Saswat Kumar Kar Nimmala mohan reddy Forest Research Institute Dehradun India ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil & Water Conservation Dehradun India AgriCapita Innotech Private Limited Bhopal India

Water related services of natural infrastructure will help to combat the risk of water crisis, and nature-based solutions involve the manag.m.nt of ecosystems to mimic or optimize the natural processes for the provision and regulation of water. Forested areas provide environmental stability and supply a high proportion of the world’s accessible freshwater for domestic, agricultural, industrial and ecological needs. The present work on “Forestry Interventions for ganga” to rejuvenate the river is one of the steps toward the ganga River rejuvenation programme in the country. The consequences of forestry interventions for ganga will be determined on the basis of water quantity and water quality in the ganga River. The study conservatively estimated the water savings and sedimentation reduction of the riverscape manag.m.nt in the ganga basin using the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) & gEC, 2015 and Trimble, 1999 & CWC, 2019 methodologies, respectively. Forestry plantations and soil and moisture conservation measures devised in the programme to rejuvenate the ganga River are expected to increase water recharge and decrease sedimentation load by 231.011 mCm·yr-1 and 1119.6 cubic m·yr-1 or 395.20 tons·yr-1, respectively, in delineated riverscape area of 83,946 km2 in ganga basin due to these interventions. The role of trees and forests in improving hydrologic cycles, soil infiltration and ground water recharge in ganga basin seems to be the reason for this change. Forest plantations and other bioengineering techniques can help to keep rivers perennial, increase precipitation, prevent soil erosion and mitigate floods, drought & climate change. The bioengineering techniques could be a feasible tool to enhance rivers’ self-purification as well as to make river perennial. The results will give momentum to the National mission of Clean ganga (NmCg) and its Namami gange programme including other important

关键词： Bioengineering.m.asures ganga River Basin Sediment Control Water Harvesting

Characterizing downwind drift deposition of aerially applied glyphosate using RbCl as tracer

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2017年第3期10卷 31-36页

作者： Yanbo Huang Claudiane m.Ouellet-Plamondon Steven J.Thomson Krishna N.reddy United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceCrop Production Systems Research Unit141 Experiment Station RoadStonevilleMS 38776USA Department of Construction Engineering Superior Technology School1100 Notre-Dame Street WestMontrealQuebec H3C 1K3Canada United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and AgriculturalDivision of Agricultural SystemsWaterfront Center80009th StreetSWWashingtonDC 20024USA

Rubidium chloride(RbCl)was used as a tracer tank-mixed with active ingredients to profile downwind deposition of aerially applied crop protection and production materials to characterize off-target drift,which helps improve spray efficiency and reduce environmental *** sheets were placed on a holder in the field at each sampling station to collect sprayed *** tracer was used to assess downwind drift of nozzles mounted on the booms installed and controlled on both sides of an agricultural *** experiment was conducted on a field covered by Bermuda grass(Cynodon dactylon).During the experiment,the airplane was planned to fly three passes with three replications at each of three different altitudes,3.7 m,4.9 m,and 6.1 m for total of 27 flight *** results indicated that sampling station location had a significant effect on RbCl ***,application release altitude was not significant to the change of *** practical application in the same aerial application system was used to assess crop injury from the off-target drift of aerially applied *** concentrations measured from mylar sheets were correlated with visual injury,plant height,shoot dry weight,leaf chlorophyll content,and shikimate,which were measured from the leaves and plant samples ***,RbCl is an effective tracer for monitoring spray applications from agricultural aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles to intensify agriculture output and minimize environmental impact.

关键词： Rubidium chloride(RbCl) precision agriculture spray efficiency off-target drift aerial application herbicide crop injury environmental pollution

Curcumin encapsulated dual cross linked sodium alginate/montmorillonite polymeric composite beads for controlled drug delivery

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2021年第2期11卷 191-199页

作者： O.Sreekanth reddy m.C.S.Subha T.Jithendra C.madhavi K.Chowdoji Rao Department of Chemistry Sri Krishnadevaraya UniversityAnanthapuramu515003India Department of Polymer Science and Technology Sri Krishnadevaraya UniversityAnanthapuramu515003India

The aim of the present work is fabrication of dual cross linked sodium alginate(SA)/montmorillonite(mmT) microbeads as a potential drug vehicle for extended release of curcumin(CUR). The microbeads were prepared using in situ ion-exchange followed by simple ionotropic gelation technique. The developed beads were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), thermogravimetric analysis(TgA), X-ray diffraction(X-RD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEm). The effect of mmT on encapsulation efficiency of CUR and intercalation kinetics was investigated. Dynamic swelling study and in vitro release study were investigated in simulated intestinal fluid(pH 7.4) and simulated gastric fluid(pH 1.2) at 37 ℃. Results suggested that both the swelling and in vitro release studies were influenced by the pH of test media, which might be suitable for intestinal drug delivery. The release mechanism was analyzed by fitting the release data into KorsmeyerPeppas equation.

关键词： Curcumin Sodium alginate montmorillonite microbeads Drug delivery

PCR analysis of Yq microdeletions in infertile males, a study from South India

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2002年第4期4卷 265-268页

作者： S. Ramesh Babu m. Swarna P. Padmavathi P.P. reddy Institute of genetics & Hospital for genetic Diseases Scientist Osmania University Begumpet Hyderabad-500 016 IndiaInstitute of Genetics & Hospital for Genetic Diseases Scientist Osmania University Begumpet Hyderabad-500 016 IndiaInstitute of Genetics & Hospital for Genetic Diseases Scientist Osmania University Begumpet Hyderabad-500 016 IndiaInstitute of Genetics & Hospital for Genetic Diseases Scientist Osmania University Begumpet Hyderabad-500 016 India

AIm: To estimate the frequency of microdeletions in the long arm of Y-chromosome of 20 infertile males from South India. mETHODS: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using Y-specific STS of azoospermia factor (AZF) regions i.e., SY 84 for AZFa, SY 127 for AZFb and SY 254 for AZFc. RESULTS: Of the 20 infertile subjects 3 (15 %), one azoospermic and two oligozoospermic, showed microdeletions in the AZF region of Y-chromosome. CONCLUSION: The frequency of deletions involving AZF region of the Y-chromosome is 15 % in azoospermic and severely oligozoospermic infertile men. PCR amplification of AZF locus is useful for the diagnosis of microdeletions in the Y-chromosome.

关键词： Chromosome Deletion Chromosomes, Human, Y Base Sequence Chromosome mapping Comparative Study DNA Primers Female gene Frequency Humans India Infertility, male male Oligospermia Polymerase Chain Reaction Reference Values Research Support, Non-U.S. gov't Seminal Plasma Proteins

Time-resolved, defect-hosted, trace element mobility in deformedWitwatersrand pyrite

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geoscience Frontiers 2019年第1期10卷 55-63页

作者： Denis Fougerouse Steven m.reddy Christopher L.Kirkland David W.Saxey William D.Rickard Robert m.Hough School of Earth and Planetary Sciences The Institute for Geoscience Research (TIGeR) Curtin University geoscience Atom Probe Advanced Resource Characterisation Facility John de Laeter Centre Curtin University CSIRO minerals Resources

The Pb isotopic composition of rocks is widely used to constrain the sources and mobility of melts and hydrothermal fluids in the Earth's crust. In many cases, the Pb isotopic composition appears to represent mixing of multiple Pb reservoirs. However, the nature, scale and mechanisms responsible for isotopic mixing are not well known. Additionally, the trace element composition of sulphide minerals are routinely used in ore deposit research, mineral exploration and environmental studies, though little is known about element mobility in sulphides during.m.tamorphism and deformation. To investigate the mechanisms of trace element mobility in a deformed Witwatersrand pyrite(FeS_2), we have combined electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD) and atom probe microscopy(APm). The results indicate that the pyrite microstructural features record widely different Pb isotopic compositions, covering the entire range of previously published sulphide Pb compositions from the Witwatersrand basin. We show that entangled dislocations record enhanced Pb, Sb, Ni, Tl and Cu composition likely due to entrapment and short-circuit diffusion in dislocation cores. These dislocations preserve the Pb isotopic composition of the pyrite at the time of growth(~3 ga) and show that dislocation intersections, likely to be common in deforming.m.nerals, limit trace element mobility. In contrast, Pb, As, Ni, Co, Sb and Bi decorate a highangle grain boundary which formed soon after crystallisation by sub-grain rotation *** isotopic composition within this boundary indicates the addition of externally-derived Pb and trace elements during greenschist metamorphism at ~2 ga. Our results show that discrete Pb reservoirs are nanometric in scale, and illustrate that grain boundaries may remain open systems for trace element mobility over 1 billion years after their formation.

关键词： Atom probe microscopy Nanoscale Nanogeochronology microstructure Isotope geochemistry Common Pb

Impact of geo technical factors on strata behavior in longwall panels of godavari Valley coal field-a case study

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2019年第2期29卷 335-341页

作者： Veera reddy Boothukuri Ram madhav Bhattacharjee Durga Charan Panigrahi gautam Benerjee Singareni Collieries Company Limited (SCCL) Indian Institute of Technology Indian School of Mines CSIR-Central Institute of mining and Fuel Research

Understanding the cantilevers formed by thick, massive beds in the near-seam overburden above longwall panels and the associated loads and strata fracturing effects developed during caving.m.in and periodic weightings) are key elements for the successful implementation of longwalls. Such caving.m.chanisms rely on the geotechnical conditions within the panel. In India, the majority of longwall downtime and/or roof failures were caused by a lack of knowledge on overburden caveability, in particular when the main and periodic weightings will impact the face and longwall support selection to effectively mitigate such weightings. godavari Valley Coal Fields is no exception as longwall faces were adversely affected due to the presence of thick, massive beds in the near-seam overburden at both godavarikhani(gDK) 7 and 9 Incline mines. In contrast, overburden weightings were negotiated successfully in gDK10 A and Adriyala Longwall Project(ALP) mines by detailed geotechnical studies, the use of adequate longwall support capacities, and effective operational practices. Thirteen longwall panels with varying face width, at different depths have been extracted under massive sandstone beds of 18 m to28 m thickness at gDK 10 A and ALP mines. This study elucidates that the main roof weighting interval decreases with an increase in face width and attains a constant value with further increases in face width under the same geo-mining conditions. In addition, this study also concludes that with increases in face width, the periodic roof weighting interval decreases and shield loads increase. Similarly with increasing panel width to depth ratio, the main and periodic roof weighting intervals decrease but shield loads again increase. Lastly, the strata behaviour of the longwall face retreated along up-dip direction is demonstrated. The results of this paper improves the mechanistic understanding of the impact of face width,depth and main roof thickness on periodic weighting and associat

关键词： Longwall mining Roof weightings intervals Shield loadings Face width Cover depth

多孔介质中垂直圆柱内Casson流体热对流的瞬态分析:熵产和热能转移可视化（英文）

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Journal of Central South University 2019年第5期26卷 1342-1361页

作者： JANARDHANA reddy g BHASKERreddy Kethireddy mAHESH Kumar ANWAR BEg O Department of mathematics Central University of KarnatakaKalaburagi585367India Fluid mechanics Aeronautical and Mechanical Engineering DepartmentSchool of ComputingScience and EngineeringUniversity of SalfordManchester M54WTUK

随着多孔介质在过滤系统、多孔轴承、多孔隔热层、生物力学、地质力学等方面的应用日益广泛,多孔介质中的热传输引起了工程科学领域的广泛兴趣。基于上述应用,本文就熵产对Casson黏塑性流体在多孔介质中均匀加热垂直圆柱上的分层不可压... 详细信息

随着多孔介质在过滤系统、多孔轴承、多孔隔热层、生物力学、地质力学等方面的应用日益广泛,多孔介质中的热传输引起了工程科学领域的广泛兴趣。基于上述应用,本文就熵产对Casson黏塑性流体在多孔介质中均匀加热垂直圆柱上的分层不可压缩边界层流动中传热和动量传递的影响进行了数值研究。采用Darcy定律模拟了各向同性均质多孔介质在低Reynolds数时的体阻力效应,并进行热线可视化。利用适当的变换变量,推导了数学模型并进行归一化。利用隐式有限差分法求解了具有相关边界条件的非线性时变耦合控制方程,该方法有效且无条件稳定。结果表明,随着Darcy数、Casson流体参数、群参数和grashof数的增大,熵产和Bejan数均增大。除了流线和等温线外,绘制热线为分析二维区域内的传热过程提供了一种很好的方法。结果表明,随着Darcy数的增加,热壁之间的传热线偏差减小。

关键词：垂直圆柱熵产 Casson流体有限差分法热方程多孔介质