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Visualizing the role of applied voltage in non-metal electrocatalysts

National Science Review 2023年第9期10卷 46-55页

作者： Ziyuan Wang Jun Chen Chenwei Ni Wei Nie Dongfeng Li Na Ta Deyun Zhang Yimeng sun fusai sun Qian Li Yuran Li Ruotian Chen Tiankai Bu Fengtao Fan Can Li Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences 2. Department of ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM)College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Energy College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Materials Imperial College London

Understanding how applied voltage drives the electrocatalytic reaction at the nanoscale is a fundamental scientific problem,particularly in non-metallic electrocatalysts,due to their low intrinsic carrier ***,using monolayer molybdenum disulfide(MoS2) as a model system of non-metallic catalyst,the potential drops across the basal plane of MoS2(△Vsem) and the electric double layer(△Vedl)are decoupled quantitatively as a function of applied voltage through in-situ surface potential *** visualize the evolution of the band structure under liquid conditions and clarify the process of EFkeeping moving deep into Ec, revealing the formation process of the electrolyte gating ***,electron transfer(ET) imaging reveals that the basal plane exhibits high ET activity,consistent with the results of surface potential *** potential-dependent behavior of kfand nsin the ET reaction are further decoupled based on the measurements of △Vsemand △*** the ET and hydrogen evolution reaction imaging results suggests that the low electrocatalytic activity of the basal plane is mainly due to the absence of active sites,rather than its electron transfer *** study fills an experimental gap in exploring driving forces for electrocatalysis at the nanoscale and addresses the long-standing issue of the inability to decouple charge transfer from catalytic processes.

关键词： non-metal electrocatalyst surface potential electron transfer hydrogen evolution reaction mapping

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Engineering nanoparticle structure at synergistic Ru-Na interface for integrated CO2 capture and hydrogenation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 779-791页

作者： Hanzi Liu Ling Cen Xinlin Xie Lei Liu Zhao sun Zhiqiang sun Hunan Engineering Research Center of Clean and Low-Carbon Energy Technology School of Energy Science and Engineering Central South University

The development of dual functional material for cyclic CO2capture and hydrogenation is of great significance for converting diluted CO2into valuable fuels,but suffers from kinetic limitation and deactivation of adsorbent and ***,we engineered a series of RuNa/γ-Al2O3materials,varying the size of ruthenium from single atoms to clusters/*** coordination environment and structure sensitivity of ruthenium were quantitatively investigated at atomic *** findings reveal that the reduced Ru nanoparticles,approximately 7.1 nm in diameter with a Ru-Ru coordination number of 5.9,exhibit high methane formation activity and selectivity at 340°*** Ru-Na interfacial sites facilitate CO2migration through a deoxygenation pathway,involving carbonate dissociation,carbonyl formation,and ***-situ experiments and theoretical calculations show that stable carbonyl intermediates on metallic Ru nanoparticles facilitate heterolytic C–O scission and C–H bonding,significantly lowering the energy barrier for activating stored CO2.

关键词： Carbon capture and utilization

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Joint Feature Encoding and Task Alignment Mechanism for Emotion-Cause Pair Extraction

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1069-1086页

作者： Shi Li Didi sun College of Computer and Control Engineering Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin150040China

With the rapid expansion of social media,analyzing emotions and their causes in texts has gained significant ***-cause pair extraction enables the identification of causal relationships between emotions and their triggers within a text,facilitating a deeper understanding of expressed sentiments and their underlying *** comprehension is crucial for making informed strategic decisions in various business and societal ***,recent research approaches employing multi-task learning frameworks for modeling often face challenges such as the inability to simultaneouslymodel extracted features and their interactions,or inconsistencies in label prediction between emotion-cause pair extraction and independent assistant tasks like emotion and cause *** address these issues,this study proposes an emotion-cause pair extraction methodology that incorporates joint feature encoding and task alignment *** model consists of two primary components:First,joint feature encoding simultaneously generates features for emotion-cause pairs and clauses,enhancing feature interactions between emotion clauses,cause clauses,and emotion-cause ***,the task alignment technique is applied to reduce the labeling distance between emotion-cause pair extraction and the two assistant tasks,capturing deep semantic information interactions among *** proposed method is evaluated on a Chinese benchmark corpus using 10-fold cross-validation,assessing key performance metrics such as precision,recall,and F1 *** results demonstrate that the model achieves an F1 score of 76.05%,surpassing the state-of-the-art by 1.03%.The proposed model exhibits significant improvements in emotion-cause pair extraction(ECPE)and cause extraction(CE)compared to existing methods,validating its *** research introduces a novel approach based on joint feature encoding and task alignment mechanisms,contributing to advancements in emotion-c

关键词： Emotion-cause pair extraction interactive information enhancement joint feature encoding label consistency task alignment mechanisms

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Traffic safety helmet wear detection based on improved YOLOv5 network

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第1期21卷 35-42页

作者： GUI Dongdong sun Bo College of Software Southeast University Quanzhou Equipment Research Centre Haixi Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

Aiming at the problem that the current traffic safety helmet detection model can't balance the accuracy of detection with the size of the model and the poor generalization of the model, a method based on improving you only look once version 5(YOLOv5) is proposed. By incorporating the lightweight Ghost Net module into the YOLOv5 backbone network, we effectively reduce the model size. The addition of the receptive fields block(RFB) module enhances feature extraction and improves the feature acquisition capability of the lightweight model. Subsequently, the high-performance lightweight convolution, GSConv, is integrated into the neck structure for further model size compression. Moreover, the baseline model's loss function is substituted with efficient insertion over union(EIoU), accelerating network convergence and enhancing detection precision. Experimental results corroborate the effectiveness of this improved algorithm in real-world traffic scenarios.

关键词： Traffic control

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Microstructure and Wear/corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steel Laser-alloyed with Mn+W_(2)C, Mn+NiWC and Mn+SiC

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 283-294页

作者： ZHOU Rui DIAO Xiaogang sun Yixin School of Metallurgical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhangjiagang 215600China CITIC Heavy Cast Iron Industry Co. Ltd.Luoyang 417039China

In-situ formed high Mn steel coating reinforced by carbides was formed by laser surface alloying(LSA).Laser alloyed layers on 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel with Mn+W_(2)C(specimen A),Mn+NiWC(specimen B)and Mn+SiC(specimen C)powders were fabricated to improve the wear and corrosion behavior of 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel blades in high speed *** evolution,phases,element distribution,microhardness,wear and corrosion behavior of the laser alloyed layers were *** indicated that high Mn steel matrix composites with undissolved W_(2)C,WC and other in-situ formed carbides were formed by LSA with Mn+W_(2)C and Mn+NiWC while SiC totally dissolved into the high Mn matrix when adding Mn+*** as the binding phase in Ni-WC powder decreased the crack sensitivity of the alloyed layer as compared with the addition of W_(2)C *** improvement in average microhardness was achieved in the matrix in specimen A,B and C,with the value of 615,602 and 277 HV_(0.5),while that of the substrate was 212 HV_(0.5).The increase of microhardness,wear and corrosion resistance is highly corelated to microstructure,formed phases,type and content of carbides,micro-hardness and toughness of the alloyed layers.

关键词： laser surface alloying stainless steel carbide type microstructure wear and corrosion resistance

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A Mn-porphyrinic metal–organic framework immobilizing glucose oxidase for combined photodynamic/chemodynamic/starvation therapy

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 183-194页

作者： Xin-Ran sun Hao-Ming Yuan Guo-Da Zhang Chao Wang Shu-Juan sun Peng-Fei Shi Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Linyi University

The combination of photodynamic therapy（PDT） and chemodynamic therapy（CDT） in tumor treatment has attracted considerable ***,tumor hypoxia and glutathione（GSH） overproduction in the tumor tissue restricted the progress of their ***,a Mn-porphyrinic metal-organic framework（Mn-TCPP） was constructed by the one-pot method and further used for immobilizing glucose oxidase（GOx） to obtain GOx@*** would rapidly exhaust endogenous glucose into hydrogen peroxide（H2O2） and gluconic acid,thus shutting off the energy supply of tumor cells for starvation ***-TCPP catalyzed H2O2to produce oxygen,regulating the hypoxic tumor microenvironment and in turn improving1O2generation under laser ***,Mn-TCPP can reduce reactive oxygen species consumption owing to the redox reaction between Mn3+and GSH,thus greatly enhancing ***,benefiting from GOx-mediated starvation therapy,Mn2+produced by Mn3+reduction can react with sufficient intracellular H2O2to generate ·OH with high cytotoxicity through a Fenton-like *** treatment by GOx@Mn-TCPP under laser irradiation in vitro,the cell viability of 4T1 and A549 tumor cells reached to 20%,reflecting GOx@Mn-TCPP could give full play to the advantages of PDT/CDT/starvation *** results in vivo demonstrated that GOx@Mn-TCPP mediated synergistic cascade therapy could significantly inhibit tumor growth and improve the therapeutic effect.

关键词： Chemodynamic therapy Immobilizing enzyme Metal–organic frameworks Photodynamic therapy Starvation therapy

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CAF-derived exosome-miR-3124-5p promotes malignant biological processes in NSCLC via the TOLLIP/TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB pathway

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Oncology Research 2025年第1期33卷 133-148页

作者： TAO sun QINGHUA SONG HUA LIU Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityMedical School of Nantong UniversityNantong226001China Department of Emergency The People’s Hospital of RugaoNantong226500China Department of Haematology The People’s Hospital of RugaoNantong226500China

Background:Lung cancer is a life-threatening disease that occurs worldwide,but is especially common in *** crucial role of the tumour microenvironment(TME)in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)has attracted recent ***-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)are the main factors that contribute to the TME function,and CAF exosomes are closely linked to ***:The expression levels of miR-3124-5p and Toll-interacting protein(TOLLIP)were analysed by bioinformatics prediction combined with RT-qPCR/Western Blot *** were isolated and identified from clinical NSCLC *** electron microscopy and Western Blot were used to identify exosomes from these *** in proliferation(CCK-8 and clone formation),migration(wound healing),and invasion(transwell)of NSCLC cells were *** Luciferase reporter test was applied to clarify the binding of miR-3124-5p to *** TOLLIP/TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway proteins were determined using Western blot ***:MiR-3124-5p is overexpressed in clinical tissues and cells of ***-3124-5p was dramatically enriched in CAF-derived *** experiments revealed that CAFs delivered miR-3124-5p into NSCLC cells via exosomes,stimulating cancer cell ***-3124-5p acted as a sponge to negatively regulate TOLLIP expression,which activated the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB axis to promote the occurrence and development of *** salvage tests were performed to determine whether CAF-exosome-derived miR-3124-5p plays a pro-cancer role in NSCLC by affecting the TOLLIP signalling ***:These results provide an interesting direction for the diagnosis and therapy of NSCLC.

关键词： Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) Cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs) Exosomes miR-3124-5p Toll-interacting protein(TOLLIP)

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Brain endothelial cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes(STING)signaling pathway in aging and neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2005-2007页

作者： Bryan sun Lulin Li Jian Luo Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research VA Palo Alto Health Care SystemPalo AltoCAUSA Polytrauma System of Care VA Palo Alto Health Care SystemPalo AltoCAUSA

The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes(STING)signaling pathway has emerged as a key mediator of *** current studies primarily attribute its effects to neurons and glial cells,emerging research suggests that cGAS-STING signaling may play a critical role in cerebral vasculature,particularly in brain endothelial ***,studying the role 7of inflammation caused by the cGAS-STING pathway in brain endothelial cells could provide a more comprehensive understanding of neuroinflammatory disease and new avenues for therapeutic ***,we review the multifaceted role of global cGAS-STING signaling in various neurological and neuroinflammatory diseases and the potential contribution of cGAS-STING in brain endothelial cells.

关键词： stimulator interferon inflammation

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Malicious Document Detection Based on GGE Visualization

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1233-1254页

作者： Youhe Wang Yi sun Yujie Li Chuanqi Zhou Henan Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Information Engineering UniversityZhengzhou450000China

With the development of anti-virus technology,malicious documents have gradually become the main pathway of Advanced Persistent Threat(APT)attacks,therefore,the development of effective malicious document classifiers has become particularly ***,detection methods based on document structure and behavioral features encounter challenges in feature engineering,these methods not only have limited accuracy,but also consume large resources,and usually can only detect documents in specific formats,which lacks versatility and *** address such problems,this paper proposes a novel malicious document detection method-visualizing documents as GGE images(Grayscale,Grayscale matrix,Entropy).The GGE method visualizes the original byte sequence of the malicious document as a grayscale image,the information entropy sequence of the document as an entropy image,and at the same time,the grayscale level co-occurrence matrix and the texture and spatial information stored in it are converted into grayscale matrix image,and fuses the three types of images to get the GGE color *** Convolutional Block Attention Module-EfficientNet-B0(CBAM-EfficientNet-B0)model is then used for classification,combining transfer learning and applying the pre-trained model on the ImageNet dataset to the feature extraction process of GGE *** shown in the experimental results,the GGE method has superior performance compared with other methods,which is suitable for detecting malicious documents in different formats,and achieves an accuracy of 99.44%and 97.39%on Portable Document Format(PDF)and office datasets,respectively,and consumes less time during the detection process,which can be effectively applied to the task of detecting malicious documents in real-time.

关键词： Malicious document visualization EfficientNet-B0 convolutional block attention module GGE image

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Revisiting Plateau-Rayleigh instability in inorganic synthetic chemistry

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Science China Materials 2025年

作者： Yugang sun Department of Chemistry Temple University

Wetting-dewetting behavior is a universal phenomenon for fluids on solid surfaces,for instance,the liquid on spider silk and lotus leaves[1].Controlling the wetting-dewetting behavior of fluids in a predictable and generalizable manner is of broad interest in various applications,such as anti-corrosion,antifogging,medicine,oil-water separation,self-cleaning,and water harvesting[2].Specifically,in the one-dimensional （1D） system,it is usually known as the Plateau-Rayleigh （P-R） instability,which describes the volume-constant break-up of a continuous water cylinder into isolated droplets （Fig.1a）[3,4].

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