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The.be.e.its of be.ng dominant:he.lth corre.ate. of male.social rank and age.in a marmot

Curre.t Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 19-26页

作者： Ke.ta UCHIDA Rache. NG Samue. A.VYDRO jennifer e.SMITH Danie. T.BLUMSTe.N De.artme.t of e.ology&e.olutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095-1606USA De.artme.t of Biology Mills CollegeOaklandCA 94613USA The.Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory Crested ButteCO 81224USA

The.be.e.its of dominance.may not come.without costs,particularly for *** e.ample.the.immunocompe.e.ce.handicap hypothe.is”state. that male. with e.hance. mating succe.s allocate.re.ource. to e.hance.re.roductive.output at a cost to the.r curre.t he.lth,whe.e.s the.re.ource.quality hypothe.is”pre.icts that high-ranking male. may be.e.it from incre.se. re.roduction and good *** the.pre.ictions from e.ch have.be.n we.l te.te. in captive.animals and in a varie.y of highly social primate.,fe.e. studie. have.be.n carrie. out in fre.-living,facultative.y social *** adult male.ye.low-be.lie. marmots(Marmota flavive.te.),we.e.aluate. pre.ictions of the.e.hypothe.e. by e.amining the.re.ationship be.we.n social rank and 2 he.lth indicators—fe.al glucocorticoid me.abolite.FCM)le.e.s,and ne.trophil/lymphocyte.N/L)ratios—afte. accounting for variation e.plaine. by age.body mass,and *** found that highe.-ranking male. te.de. to have.a lowe. N/L ratio(re.le.ting good he.lth)than lowe.-ranking individuals,whe.e.s FCM le.e.s we.e.not significantly re.ate. to *** addition,he.vie. male.marmots had lowe. N/L ratios,whe.e.s body mass was not associate. with FCM *** also found that olde. adult male. had lowe. FCM le.e.s(re.le.ting le.s physiological stre.s)but highe. N/L ratios than younge. ***,we.found that FCM le.e.s de.re.se. as the.active.se.son progre.se. and FCM le.e.s we.e.associate. with the.time.of the.***,our re.ults sugge.t that socially-dominant male.marmots e.joye. be.te.,not worse.he.lth in te.ms of lowe. N/L ratios.

关键词： immunocompe.e.ce.handicap hypothe.is life.history trade.offs N/L ratio physiological stre.s re.ource.quality hypothe.is

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De.tal microwe.r of sympatric rode.t spe.ie. sample. across habitats in southe.n Africa: Implications for e.vironme.tal influe.ce

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Inte.rative.Zoology 2016年第2期11卷 111-127页

作者： Je.ny H.e.BURGMAN jennifer Le.CHLITe. Nico L.AVe.ANT Pe.e. S.UNGAR e.vironme.tal Dynamics Program University of ArkansasFayettevilleArkansasUSA De.artme.t of Anthropology University of Colorado BoulderBoulderColoradoUSA National Muse.m and Unive.sity of the.Fre. State BloemfonteinSouth Africa De.artme.t of Anthropology University of ArkansasFayettevilleArkansasUSA

De.tal microwe.r te.ture. have.prove. to be.a valuable.tool for re.onstructing the.die.s of a wide.assortme.t of fossil ***,some.studie. have.re.e.tly que.tione. the.e.ficacy of this approach,sugge.ting that aspe.ts of habitat unre.ate. to food pre.e.e.ce.e.pe.ially e.vironme.tal grit load,might have.a confounding e.fe.t on microwe.r patte.ning that obscure. the.die. *** we.e.aluate.this hypothe.is by e.amining microwe.r te.ture. of 3 e.tant sympatric rode.t spe.ie. that vary in die. bre.dth and are.found in a varie.y of habitat type.:Mastomys coucha,Micae.amys namaque.sis and Rhabdomys *** sample.e.ch of the.e.spe.ie. from 3 distinct e.vironme.tal se.tings in southe.n Africa that diffe. in rainfall and ve.e.ative.cove.:Nama-Karoo shrublands(se.i-de.e.t)and Dry Highve.d grasslands in the.Fre. State.Province.of South Africa,and Afromontane.we.)grasslands in the.highlands of *** diffe.e.ce. be.we.n habitat type. are.e.ide.t for some.of the.spe.ie.,inconsiste.cy in the.patte.n sugge.ts that the.microwe.r signal is drive. by variation in foods e.te. rathe. than grit-le.e. pe. *** is cle.r that,at le.st for spe.ie. and habitats sample. in the.curre.t study,e.vironme.tal grit load doe. not swamp die.-re.ate. microwe.r signature..

关键词： die. grit tooth we.r

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Se.sonal shifts in the.solute.ion ratios of vadose.zone.rock moisture.from the.e.l Rive. Critical Zone.Obse.vatory

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Acta Ge.chimica 2017年第3期36卷 385-388页

作者： jennifer L.Druhan Nicole.Fe.nande. Jia Wang William e.Die.rich Danie.la Re.pe De.artme.t of Ge.logy University of Illinois Urbana Champaign De.artme.t of e.rth and Plane.ary Scie.ce University of California Berkeley Jackson School of Ge.scie.ce. University of Texas at Austin

One.of the.gre.te.t challe.ge. in critical zone.studie. is to docume.t the.moisture.dynamics, wate. flux,and solute.che.istry of the.unsaturate., fracture. and we.the.e. be.rock that lie. be.we.n the.soil and groundwate. table. The.ce.tral impe.ime.t to quantifying this compone.t of the.subsurface.is the.difficulty associate. with dire.t obse.vations. He.e. we.re.ort solute.che.istry as a function of de.th colle.te. ove. a full ye.r across the.shale.de.ive. vadose.zone.of the.e.l Rive. Critical Zone.Obse.vatory using a se. of nove. sub-horizontal we.lbore.,re.e.re. to as the.vadose.zone.monitoring syste.. The.re.ults of this first ge.che.ical glimpse.into the.de.p vadose.zone.indicate.a dynamic te.poral and de.th-re.olve. structure. Major cation conce.trations re.le.t se.sonal change. in pre.ipitation and wate. saturation, and normalize. ratios span the.full range.of value. re.orte. for the.world's large.t rive.s.

关键词： Vadose.zone Solute.ion ratios Critical Zone Obse.vatory Se.sonal solute.dynamics

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Androge. and e.troge. re.e.tors in place.tal physiology and dysfunction

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Frontie.s in Biology 2018年第5期13卷 315-326页

作者： e.in S McWhorte. jennifer e.Russ Quinton A Winge. Ge.rit J Bouma De.artme.t of Biome.ical Scie.ce. Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory Colorado State University. 1683 Campus deliveryFort Collins CO 80523-1683 USA

BACKGROUND： The.place.ta is re.ognize. as an e.docrine.organ, large.y due.to its se.re.ions of ste.oid hormone., including proge.te.one. androge.s, and e.troge.s. Ste.oid hormone. play an e.se.tial role.in the.progre.sion of pre.nancy, fe.al de.e.opme.t, and growth. Furthe.more. ste.oids are.ne.e.sary for e.tablishme.t and mainte.ance.of a normal pre.nancy, pre.aring the.e.dome.rium for implantation, stimulating e.dome.rial se.re.ions, and re.ulating ute.ine.blood flow, howe.e. the.e.act me.hanism of se. ste.oid signaling through the.r re.e.tors in place.tal function is unknown. OBJe.TIVe. In this re.ie., we.will provide.an ove.vie. of the.curre.t knowle.ge.on se. ste.oid re.e.tors in normal place.tal de.e.opme.t, as we.l as e.ide.ce.of abnormal signaling associate. with place.tal dysfunction. Me.HODS： A syste.atic lite.ature.se.rch was pe.forme. using the.NCBI PubMe. se.rch e.gine. including the.following ke. works： e.troge. re.e.tor, androge. re.e.tor, place.ta, place.tal de.e.opme.t, cytotrophoblast, and diffe.e.tiation. Re.ULTS： Of the.ove. 700 article. that we.e.re.urne., 125 studie. focuse. on e.troge. and androge. re.e.tors in human place.ta de.e.opme.t and function during normal and abnormal pre.nancy, as we.l as in rode.ts and ruminants place.tae. CONCLUSION： Re.e.tors for both e.troge.s and androge.s have.be.n localize. within the.mammalian place.ta, but surprisingly little.is known about the.r signaling in trophoblast ce.l diffe.e.tiation and function. An e.e.ging picture.is de.e.oping in which e.troge. re.e.tors possibly play role.in cytotrophoblast prolife.ation and e.travillous trophoblast invasion, whe.e.s androge. re.e.tors are.involve. in syncytiotrophoblast diffe.e.tiation and function.

关键词： Place.ta e.R AR pre.clampsia IUGR PCOS

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e.aluation of the.plasmonic e.fe.t of Au and Ag on Ti-base. photocatalysts in the.re.uction of CO2 to CH4

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Journal of e.e.gy Che.istry 2017年第2期26卷 277-283页

作者： Martin Dilla Anna Pougin jennifer Strunk Max-Planck-Institute.for Che.ical e.e.gy conve.sion Stiftstraße 34-3645470 Mülheim/RuhrGermany Laboratory of Industrial Che.istry Ruhr-University BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044780 BochumGermany Ce.te. for Nanointe.ration Duisburg-e.se. University of Duisburg-EssenCarl-Benz-Straße 19947057 DuisburgGermany

Crystalline.TiO（P25） and isolate. titanate.spe.ie. in a ZSM-5 structure.TS-1） we.e.modifie. with Au and Ag, re.pe.tive.y, and te.te. in the.gas-phase.photocatalytic COre.uction unde. high purity conditions. The.noble.me.al modification was pe.forme. by photode.osition. Light absorbance.prope.tie. of the.catalysts are.e.amine. with UV–Vis spe.troscopy be.ore.and afte. the.activity te.t. In the.gas-phase.photocatalytic COre.uction, it was obse.ve. that the.catalysts with Ag nanostructure. are.more.active.than those.with Au nanostructure.. It is thus found that the.e.e.ge.ic diffe.e.ce.be.we.n the.band gap e.e.gy of the.se.iconductor and the.position of the.plasmon is influe.cing the.photocatalytic ***, plasmon e.citation due.to visible.light absorption re.ults in plasmon re.onance.e.e.gy, which affe.ts the.e.citation of the.se.iconductor positive.y. The.e.ore. an ove.lap be.we.n band gap e.e.gy of the.se.iconductor and me.al plasmon is ne.de..

关键词： Photocatalytic CO2 re.uction Plasmon re.onance Me.hane.formation TS-1 P25 Noble.me.al photode.osition High-purity gas-phase.photore.ctor

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Ultraviole. light e.posure.and its pe.e.rance.through the.e.e.in a porcine.mode.

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Inte.national Journal of Ophthalmology(e.glish e.ition) 2023年第2期16卷 172-177页

作者： Hide.i Fukuoka He.e.a e.Gali jennifer J.Bu Ruti Se.la Natalie.A.Afshari Shile. e.e.Institute Viterbi Family Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

AIM:To de.e.mine.the.amount of ultraviole.(UV)light irradiance.that various laye.s of the.e.e.re.e.ve.as sunlight passe. through the.e.e.and to inve.tigate.the.prote.tive.be.e.its of UV light-blocking contact ***:Twe.ty-four porcine.e.e. we.e.pre.are. in one.of thre. ways:isolate. corne.,corne. and le.s toge.he.,or whole.e.e.*** light irradiance.was me.sure. with a UV-A/B light me.e. be.ore.and afte. the.e.e.pre.arations we.e.place. ove. the.me.e. to me.sure.UV light pe.e.ration in e.ch e.e.*** the.whole.e.e.pre.aration,a hole.was place. in the.fove. to me.sure.light as it passe. through the.***,UVprote.tive.contact le.se. we.e.place. ove. the.structure.,and UV light pe.e.rance.was *** of UV light e.posure.we.e.take. outdoors at various locations and ***:Corne. absorbe. 63.56%of UV light that re.che. the.*** and le.s absorbe. 99.34%of UV *** e.e.absorbe. 99.77%of UV *** UV-prote.tive.contact le.se. we.e.place.,absorption was 98.90%,99.55%,and 99.87%,*** light e.posure.was de.e.de.t on dire.tionality and time.of day,and was gre.te.t in are.s of high albe.o that re.le.t significant amounts of light,such as a ***:Corne. absorbs the.majority of UV light that re.che. the.e.e.in this ***-prote.tive.contact le.se. re.uce.UV e.posure.to the.*** with high albe.o e.pose.the.e.e.to highe. le.e.s of UV light.

关键词： ultraviole. light pe.e.rance contact le.s corne. le.s

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Atte.d to the.“Small p” Stuff: State.Policy Issue. Affe.ting Ce.vical Cance. e.forts

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Ope. Journal of Obste.rics and Gyne.ology 2014年第8期4卷 455-461页

作者： Be.h e. Me.e.son Carrie.A. Lawre.ce.jennifer S. Smith Indiana Unive.sity School of Public He.lth-Bloomington Bloomington USA Rural Ce.te. for AIDS/STD Pre.e.tion Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington Bloomington USA Unive.sity of North Carolina-Chape. Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health Chapel Hill USA

Background: State. in the.Unite. State. have.primary public he.lth authority. This is the.case.with ce.vical cance., and ye. little.is known about state.policy issue. affe.ting the.compre.e.sive.public he.lth re.ponse. This study ide.tifie. and e.plore. state.policy issue. affe.ting ce.vical cance. e.forts in the.Unite. State.. Me.hods: Ke. informant inte.vie.s we.e.conducte. with a purpose.ul sample.of 15 profe.sionals affiliate. with ce.vical cance. pre.e.tion and tre.tme.t from national, state.and local le.e.s;across se.tors: public, private.and non-profit;and aspe.ts of the.work: scre.ning, tre.tme.t and vaccine.program imple.e.tation, re.e.rch, coalition work, and policy. Re.ults: Ide.tifie. policy issue. we.e.administrative.and imple.e.tation orie.te. (“small p” policy issue.). While.participants re.ognize. the.importance.of laws for vaccine.or no cost scre.ning acce.s, the.ke. policy issue. pre.e.ting succe.sful ce.vical cance. e.forts involve. 1) he.lth syste. comple.ity;2) ge.e.al lack of state.le.e. policy, program and funding coordination;and 3) social and organizational cultural issue. affe.ting the.adoption of national re.omme.dations and re.nforcing program ine.tia. Conclusions: Unde.standing state.policy issue. in ce.vical cance. is critical for public he.lth succe.s. Dramatic re.uction or e.e. e.imination of ce.vical cance. in the.Unite. State. de.e.ds upon the.policy work in the.“little.p” policy are.s such as planning and he.lth syste. organization to affe.t change. This will re.uire.gre.te. le.de.ship and coordination of state.e.forts across myriad programs. It will re.uire.he.lth syste. improve.e.ts, and also the.adoption of ne. practice.and program be.aviors to capitalize.on available.te.hnology to re.ch unde.se.ve. wome..

关键词： Ce.vical Cance. State Policy He.lth Syste. Improve.e.ts State Program Coordination

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Mild Stimulation ve.sus Conve.tional IVF: A Cost-e.fe.tive.e.s e.aluation

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Ope. Journal of Obste.rics and Gyne.ology 2016年第3期6卷 180-188页

作者： Natalie.M. Crawford Kashika M. Sahay jennifer e. Me.se.e.u De.artme.t of Obste.rics and Gyne.ology University of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina USA Mate.nal and Child He.th Unive.sity of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina USA

Purpose. To compare.the.strate.y for mild stimulation IVF ve.sus conve.tional stimulation IVF. Me.hods: A de.ision tre. analytic mode. was cre.te. to compare.IVF with mild stimulation ve.sus conve.tion stimulation in infe.tile.wome. e.rs of age.to e.aluate.which strate.y is the.le.st costly pe. live.birth. Re.ults: Using base.case.e.timate. of costs and probabilitie. in wome. e.rs old with une.plaine. infe.tility, the.cumulative.live.birth rate.in the.mild ve.sus conve.tional stimulation group was 15.8% ve.sus 28.6%, re.pe.tive.y. The.ave.age.cost for mild and conve.tion IVF was $8789 and $14,364 pe. arm, re.pe.tive.y. In base.case.analysis, the.ICe. was $43,516 re.re.e.ting the.additional cost pe. live.birth with conve.tional IVF. One.way se.sitivity analysis e.aluate. the.robustne.s of the.data and re.e.le. a trade.ff in which mild IVF stimulation had lowe. total costs and also lowe. live.births ve.sus conve.tional stimulation. Conclusions: Mild stimulation IVF has a lowe. cost pe. cycle.but is also associate. with lowe. live.birth rate.. Patie.t care.de.isions should be.individualize. irre.pe.tive.of cost.

关键词： Minimal Stimulation Mild IVF IVF De.ision Analysis Cost Analysis

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Rice.Hull Mulch Affe.ts Ge.mination of Bitte.cre.s and Cre.ping Woodsorre. in Containe. Plant Culture

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Ame.ican Journal of Plant Scie.ce. 2016年第16期7卷 2359-2375页

作者： Jame. e. Altland jennifer K. Boldt Charle. C. Krause USDA-ARS Application Technology Research Unit Wooster USA USDA-ARS Application Technology Research Unit Toledo USA

Mulche. are.commonly use. to control we.ds in containe. nurse.y crops, e.pe.ially in site. whe.e.pre.me.ge.ce.he.bicide. are.e.the. not labe.e. or pote.tially phytotoxic to the.crop. Parboile. rice.hulls have.be.n shown to provide.e.fe.tive.we.d control whe. applie. 1.25 to 2.5 cm de.p ove. the.containe. substrate.surface. The.obje.tive.of this re.e.rch was to de.e.mine.if we.d se.d place.e.t, above.or be.ow the.mulch laye., affe.ts fle.uous bitte.cre.s or cre.ping woodsorre. e.tablishme.t. Se.ds of both spe.ie. we.e.place. e.the. above.or be.ow rice.hull mulch laye.s 0, 0.6, 1.3, or 2.5 cm de.p in nurse.y containe.s with a 80 pine.bark: 20 sphagnum pe.t moss substrate. e.tablishme.t of both we.ds de.re.se. with incre.sing mulch de.th. e.tablishme.t of both spe.ie. was ge.e.ally gre.te. from be.e.th the.mulch compare. to whe. se.d we.e.applie. above.the.mulch. Light pe.e.ration through varying de.ths of rice.hulls was de.e.mine. with a spe.troradiome.e.. Photosynthe.ically active.radiation (PAR) de.re.se. e.pone.tially with incre.sing rice.hull de.th, and was le.s than 1 μmol·m-2·s-1 be.e.th de.ths gre.te. than 1 cm. Ge.mination of both spe.ie. was de.e.mine. in Pe.ri dishe. place. be.e.th varying de.sitie. of shade.cloth. Fle.uous bitte.cre.s ge.mination re.ponde. quadratically to de.re.sing light le.e., but still ge.minate. (13%) in comple.e.darkne.s afte. 3 we.ks. Cre.ping woodsorre. ge.mination was not affe.te. by light le.e. and was high (92%) afte. 3 we.ks. The.role.of light e.clusion by rice.hulls as a me.hanism for controlling burie. we.d se.d is discusse.. Wate. re.e.tion imme.iate.y afte. irrigation, and for 24 hr following irrigation, was de.e.mine. for a 2.5 cm laye. of rice.hulls, sphagnum pe.t moss, and pine.bark. Rice.hulls re.aine. le.s wate., and drie. more.quickly than pe.t moss or pine.bark. The.volume.ric wate. conte.t of the.rice.hull laye. is le.s than 0.20 cm·cm-1 and what has be.n shown ne.e.sary for plant gro

关键词： Mulch De.th Light PAR Se.d Place.e.t Nonche.ical We.d Control

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Inve.tigating mate.ials and orie.tation parame.e.s for the.cre.tion of a 3D musculoske.e.al inte.face.co-culture.mode.

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Re.e.e.ative.Biomate.ials 2020年第4期7卷 413-425页

作者： Hamad Alsaykhan jennifer Z.Paxton Anatomy@e.inburgh Edinburgh Medical School:Biomedical SciencesThe University of EdinburghTeviot PlaceEdinburgh EH89AGUK De.artme.t of Basic Me.ical Scie.ce. College of Medicine and Health SciencesQassim UniversityPO Box 99151911 Unaizah CampusAl-Qassim 51911Saudi Arabia

Musculoske.e.al tissue.inte.face. are.a common site.of injury in the.young,active.*** particular,the.inte.face.be.we.n the.musculoske.e.al tissue. of te.don and bone.is ofte. injure. and to date.no single.tre.tme.t has be.n able.to re.tore.the.form and function of damage. tissue.at the.bone.te.don *** e.gine.ring and re.e.e.ation hold gre.t promise.for the.manufacture.of be.poke.in vitro mode.s or implants to be.use. to advance.re.air and so this study inve.tigate. the.mate.ial,orie.tation and culture.choice. for manufacturing a re.roducible.3D mode. of a musculoske.e.al inte.face.be.we.n te.don and bone.ce.l *** mode.s are.e.se.tial for future.studie. focussing on the.re.e.e.ation of musculoske.e.al inte.face. in ***-e.capsulate. fibrin hydroge.s,arrange. in a horizontal orie.tation though a simple.moulding proce.ure.we.e.shown to be.t support ce.lular growth and migration of ce.ls to form an in vitro te.don-bone.*** study highlights the.importance.of acknowle.ging the.mate.ial and te.hnical challe.ge. in e.tablishing co-culture. and sugge.ts a re.roducible.me.hodology to form 3D co-culture. be.we.n te.don and bone.or othe. musculoske.e.al ce.l type.,in vitro.

关键词： te.don bone 3D co-culture hydroge.s musculoske.e.al inte.face

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