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Intervention for reducing stigma: Assessing the influence of gender and knowledge

World Journal of Psychiatry 2013年第2期3卷 18-24页

作者： francisco martínez-zambrano Esther García-Morales Mar García-Franco Jose Miguel Raul Villellas Gemma Pascual Otilia Arenas Susana Ochoa Psychosocial Rehabilitation Ser-vice El Prat Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de DéuEl Prat de Llobregat08918 BarcelonaSpain Mental Health Center El Prat Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu08918 BarcelonaSpain Psychosocial Rehabilitation Services of Baix Llo-bregat Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu08918 BarcelonaSpain Research and Development Unit Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu08918 BarcelonaSpain

AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness in reducing social stigma of an intervention and to assess the influence of gender and ***: The program consisted in providing information and contact with users of mental health in order to reduce social stigma in the school environment. A total of 62 secondary school students(age 14-16 years) were evaluated with the Opinions on Mental Illness(OMI) questionnaire before and after the intervention. The subscales of the OMI were: authoritarianism, interpersonal etiology, benevolence, restrictiveness and negativism. The analysis was performed over the total sample, separating by gender and knowledge of someone with a mental disorder. t-test for repeated measures was used in the statistical ***: All the OMI subscales showed a significant change after the intervention(P < 0.001), except for benevolence. Women presented significant changes in the subscales of authoritarianism and restrictiveness, while men presented changes in negativism and interpersonal etiology rather than restrictiveness(P < 0.001-0.003). Students that knew someone with a mental disorder presented significant changes in authoritarianism, interpersonal etiology, and negativism(P < 0.001-0.003) and students that do not know anyone with a mental disorder improved in restrictiveness and authoritarianism(P < 0.001-0.001). In all the subscales of the instrument the students improved their perception of mental disorders, reducing their levels of ***: The intervention designed to reduce social stigma was effective, especially in the area of authoritarianism. The whole sample showed improved attitudes towards mental illness, although the areas were different depending on gender and knowledge.

关键词： Mental disorders Stigma Intervention Contact Information Schizophrenia Schools

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Muscle strength deficits are associated with low bone mineral density in young pediatric cancer survivors:The iBoneFIT project

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 419-427页

作者： Andres Marmol-Perez Jose J.Gil-Cosano Esther Ubago-Guisado francisco J.Llorente-Cantarero Juan francisco Pascual-Gázquez Kirsten K.Ness Vicente martinez-Vizcaino Jonatan R.Ruiz Luis Gracia-Marco Department of Physical Education and Sports Faculty of Sport SciencesSport and Health University Research Institute(iMUDS)University of GranadaGranada 18011Spain Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA Department of Communication and Education Loyola University AndalusiaSeville 41704Spain Biosanitary Research Institute ibs.GranadaGranada 18012Spain Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba(IMIBIC) Cordoba 14004Spain CIBEROBN Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and NutritionCarlos III Health InstituteMadrid 28029Spain Department of Specific Didactics Faculty of EducationUniversity of CordobaCordoba 14071Spain Pediatric and adolescent hematology and oncology service Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery Clinical Management UnitVirgen de las Nieves University HospitalGranada 18014Spain Health and Social Research Center Universidad de Castilla-La ManchaCuenca 13001Spain

Background Pediatric cancer survivors are at increased risk of muscle weakness and low areal bone mineral density(aBMD).However,the prevalence of muscle strength deficits is not well documented,and the associations of muscle strength with aBMD are unknown in this ***,this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of upper-and lower-body muscle strength deficits and to examine the associations of upper-and lower-body muscle strength with age-,sex,and race-specific aBMD Z-scores at the total body,total hip,femoral neck,and lumbar *** This cross-sectional study included 116 pediatric cancer survivors(12.1±3.3 years old,mean±SD;42.2%female).Upper-and lower-body muscle strength were assessed by handgrip and standing long jump test,***‑energy X‑ray absorptiometry was used to measure aBMD(g/cm2).Associations between muscle strength and aBMD were evaluated in multivariable linear regression *** regression was used to evaluate the contribution of muscle strength(1-decile lower)to the odds of having low aBMD(Z-score≤1.0).All analyses were adjusted for time from treatment completion,radiotherapy exposure,and body mass *** More than one-half of survivors were within the 2 lowest deciles for upper-(56.9%)and lower-body muscle strength(60.0%)in comparison to age-and sex-specific reference *** strength deficits were associated with lower aBMD Z-scores at all sites(B=0.133–0.258,p=0.001–0.032).Each 1-decile lower in upper-body muscle strength was associated with 30%–95%higher odds of having low aBMD Z-scores at all *** 1-decile lower in lower-body muscle strength was associated with 35%–70%higher odds of having low aBMD Z-scores at total body,total hip,and femoral *** Muscle strength deficits are prevalent in young pediatric cancer survivors,and such deficits are associated with lower aBMD Z-scores at all *** results suggest that interventions designed to improve muscle strength in t

关键词： Bone health Childhood cancer DXA Lean mass Resistance training

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Effectiveness of an intervention for reducing social stigma towards mental illness in adolescents

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2016年第2期6卷 239-247页

作者： Regina Vila-Badia francisco martínez-zambrano Otilia Arenas Emma Casas-Anguera Esther García-Morales Raúl Villellas José Ramón martín María Belén Pérez-Franco Tamara Valduciel Diana Casellas Mar García-Franco Jose Miguel Joaquim Balsera Gemma Pascual Eugènia Julia Susana Ochoa Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu CIBERSAM

AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention for reducing social stigma towards mental illness in adolescents. The effect of gender and knowledge of someone with mental illness was measured. METHODS: Two hundred and eighty secondary school students were evaluated using the Community Attitudes towards Mental Illness(CAMI) questionnaire. The schools were randomized and some received the intervention and others acted as the control group. The programme consisted of providing information via a documentary film and of contact with healthcare staff in order to reduce the social stigma within the school environment. RESULTS: The intervention was effective in reducing the CAMI authoritarianism and social restrictiveness subscales. The intervention showed significant changes in girls in terms of authoritarianism and social restrictiveness, while boys only showed significant changes in authoritarianism. Following the intervention, a significant reduction was found in authoritarianism and social restrictiveness in those who knew someone with mental illness, and only in authoritarianism in those who did not know anyone with mental illness. CONCLUSION: The intervention was effective to reduce social stigma towards people with mental illness, especially in the area of authoritarianism. Some differences were found depending on gender and whether or not the subjects knew someone with mental illness.

关键词： Social stigma Adolescent Mental illness Intervention studies Prevention

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Modelling the impacts of cover crop management strategies on the water use,carbon exchange and yield of olive orchards

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 283-295页

作者： Alvaro López-Bernal Omar García-Tejera Luca Testi francisco J.Villalobos Departamento de Agronomía Universidad de CórdobaCampus de RabanalesEdifi cio C414071 CórdobaSpain Departamento de Ingeniería Agraria Y del Medio Natural Universidad de La LagunaCarretera General de Geneto 238200 San Cristóbal de La LagunaSpain Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible(IAS) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científi cas(CSIC)Av.Menéndez Pidal S/N14080 CórdobaSpain

Cover crops have long been proposed as an alternative soil management for minimizing erosion rates in olive stands while providing additional ecosystem ***,the trade-off between these benefits and the competition for water with the trees makes the definition of optimal management practices a challenging task in semiarid *** work presents an improved version of OliveCan,a process-based simulation model of olive orchards that now can simulate the main impacts of cover crops on the water and carbon balances of olive *** simple in its formulation,the new model components were developed to deal with different cover crop management *** are presented for simulation runs of a traditional olive orchard in the conditions of southern Spain,evaluating the effects of different widths for the strip occupied by the cover crop(Fcc)and two contrasting mowing *** revealed that high Fccresulted in lower olive yields,but only when mowing was applied at the end of *** this regard,late mowing and high Fccwas associated with lower soil water content from spring to summer,coinciding with olive flowering and the earlier stages of fruit *** also negatively correlated with surface runoff irrespective of the mowing *** the other hand,net ecosystem productivity(NEP)was substantially affected by both Fccand mowing *** simulations under future climate scenarios comparing the same management alternatives are also presented,showing substantial yield reductions by the end of the century and minor or negligible changes in NEP and seasonal runoff.

关键词： Carbon exchange Cover crops Crop modelling Evapotranspiration Olea europaea L

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Outcomes of abdominal surgery in patients with liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第9期22卷 2657-2667页

作者： Juan C Lopez-Delgado Josep Ballus francisco Esteve Nelson L Betancur-zambrano Vicente Corral-Velez Rafael Manez Antoni J Betbese Joan A Roncal Casimiro Javierre Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge Intensive Care Department L'Hospitalet de Llobregat 08907 Barcelona Spain IDIBELL (Institut d'Investigacio Biomedica Bellvitge Biomedical Investigation Institute of Bellvitge) Research Team of Area of Innate Immunity and Pathology of the Critical Patient L'Hospitalet de Llobregat 08908 Barcelona Spain Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Intensive Care Department 08041 Barcelona Spain Physiological Sciences II Department Universitat de Barcelona Campus Bellvitge 08907 Barcelona Spain

Patients suffering from liver cirrhosis(LC) frequently require non-hepatic abdominal surgery,even before liver *** is an important risk factor itself for surgery,due to the higher than average associated morbidity and *** high surgical risk occurs because of the pathophysiology of liver disease itself and to the presence of contributing factors,such as coagulopathy,poor nutritional status,adaptive immune dysfunction,cirrhotic cardiomyopathy,and renal and pulmonary dysfunction,which all lead to poor *** evaluation of these factors and the degree of liver disease can help to reduce the development of complications both during and after abdominal *** the emergency setting,with the presence of decompensated LC,alcoholic hepatitis,severe/advanced LC,and significant extrahepatic organ dysfunction conservative management is preferred.A multidisciplinary,individualized,and specialized approach can improve outcomes;preoperative optimization after risk stratification and careful management are mandatory before *** techniques can also improve *** review the impact of LC on surgical outcome in non-hepatic abdominal surgeries required in this cirrhotic population before,during,and after surgery.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Outcomes Coagulopathy Nutritional status Abdominal surgery Adaptive immune dysfuncti

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