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Melanocortin 3,5 receptors immunohistochemical expression in colonic mucosa of inflammatory bowel disease patients:A matter of disease activity?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1132-1142页

作者： Antonietta Gerarda Gravina Iacopo Panarese Maria Consiglia Trotta Michele D'Amico Raffaele Pellegrino franca Ferraraccio Marilena Galdiero Roberto Alfano Paolo Grieco Alessandro Federico Hepatogastroenterology Division Department of Precision MedicineUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy Pathology Division Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive MedicineUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy Department of Experimental Medicine Division of PharmacologyUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences(DAMSS) University of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico IINaples 80131Italy

BACKGROUND Melanocortin 3 and 5 receptors(i.e.,MC3R and MC5R)belong to the melanocortin family.However,data regarding their role in inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)are currently unavailable.AIM This study aims to ascertain their expression profiles in the colonic mucosa of Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC),aligning them with IBD disease endoscopic and histologic activity.METHODS Colonic mucosal biopsies from CD/UC patients were sampled,and immunohisto-chemical analyses were conducted to evaluate the expression of MC3R and MC5R.Colonic sampling was performed on both traits with endoscopic scores(Mayo endoscopic score and CD endoscopic index of severity)consistent with inflamed mucosa and not consistent with disease activity(i.e.,normal appearing mucosa).RESULTS In both CD and UC inflamed mucosa,MC3R(CD:+7.7 fold vs normal mucosa,P<0.01;UC:+12 fold vs normal mucosa,P<0.01)and MC5R(CD:+5.5 fold vs normal mucosa,P<0.01;UC:+8.1 fold vs normal mucosa,P<0.01)were significantly more expressed compared to normal mucosa.CONCLUSION MC3R and MC5R are expressed in the colon of IBD patients.Furthermore,expression may differ according to disease endoscopic activity,with a higher degree of expression in the traits affected by disease activity in both CD and UC,suggesting a potential use of these receptors in IBD pharmacology.

关键词： Melanocortin 3 receptor Melanocortin 5 receptor Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease Inflammatory bowel disease

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巴西利亚圣家族教堂

现代装饰 2024年第1期 108-115页

作者： Joana franca(摄影) 范嘉苑(编译) 不详

位于巴西利亚的圣家族教堂由ARQBR Arquiteturae Urbanismo打造设计。“当我看到这片高原,那漫无边际的地平线,极为广衰。它的尺度超乎寻常——就像一片海洋,上面飘着大片白云。通过将城市置于其中,我们将创造出一种绝无仅有的景观。”... 详细信息

位于巴西利亚的圣家族教堂由ARQBR Arquiteturae Urbanismo打造设计。“当我看到这片高原,那漫无边际的地平线,极为广衰。它的尺度超乎寻常——就像一片海洋,上面飘着大片白云。通过将城市置于其中,我们将创造出一种绝无仅有的景观。”巴西著名建筑师兼城市规划师Lucio Costa在多年前为巴西新首都巴西利亚选址后,讲述了他对这片土地的看法和感受。他不仅概括出了这里的景观特点,即广阔的地平线,同时也构成了巴西利亚最初的城市规划概念。

关键词：城市规划师规划概念景观特点圣家族教堂著名建筑师地平线巴西利亚

Sex recognition does not modulate aggression toward nest intruders in a paper wasp

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Current Zoology 2023年第3期69卷 324-331页

作者： Andre Rodrigues de Souza Wilson franca Amanda Prato Fabio Santos do Nascimento Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de Filosofia Ciencias e Letras de Ribeirao PretoUniversidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil

During social interactions,the behavior of an individual often depends on the sex of its social partner.Many animal societies have males and females that play very different behavioral roles,although they coexist and interact non-sexually.At specific phases of the colony cycle,social wasp females and males are contemporaries within a nest,they often interact,although mating occurs mostly off the nest,therefore providing an opportunity to test sex discrimination in contexts other than classical sexual ones.We performed a lure presentation experiment to test if Mischocyttarus metathoracicus discriminate between conspecifics of the 2 sexes during on-nest social interactions.Female wasps discriminated conspecific sex during experimentally simulated nest intrusions.Visual and chemical cues may account for this sex discrimination.Despite sex discrimination(evidenced by differential inspective behavior from the nest females toward the female and the male lures),female wasps were as aggressive toward lures of both sexes.In the female-dominated hymenopteran societies,males are often subordinate and not aggressive on nest,resulting in females directing less aggression to them compared to other females.Instead,M.metathoracicus males and females are both aggressive toward nestmates,so they might be perceived as similar threat during on-nest social interactions.

关键词： chemical cues Mischocyttarus sex discrimination social interactions social wasps visual cues

Alpha-synuclein as a biomarker in Parkinson's disease: focus on neural derived extracelluar vesicles

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第7期17卷 1503-1504页

作者： Cristina Agliardi franca R.Guerini Mario Meloni Mario Clerici IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi MilanItaly Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation University of MilanMilanItaly

The prevalence of Parkinson’s disease(PD)is rapidly increasing,and more than 12 million people are expected to suffer from PD by 2040.PD is a highly invalidating neurodegenerative condition that arises from the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta.The main cause for such degeneration is the formation of cytoplasmic inclusions known as Lewy bodies.

关键词： degeneration Alpha prevalence

Loco-regional treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma:Role of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第5期14卷 911-922页

作者： Agostino Inzerillo Maria franca Meloni Adele Taibbi Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta Department of Radiology University Hospital"Paolo Giaccone"Palermo 90127Italy Department of Radiology Casa di Cura IgeaMilan 20121Italy Department of Radiology Fondazione Istituto G.Giglio HospitalCefalù90015Italy

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the few cancers for which locoregional treatments(LRTs)are included in international guidelines and are considered as a valid alternative to conventional surgery.According to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer classification,percutaneous treatments such as percutaneous ethanol injection,radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation are the therapy of choice among curative treatments in patients categorized as very early and early stage,while transcatheter arterial chemoembolization is considered the better option for intermediate stage HCC.A precise assessment of treatment efficacy and surveillance is essential to optimize survival rate,whereas residual tumor requires additional treatment.Imaging modalities play a key role in this task.Currently,contrast-enhanced computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging are considered the standard imaging modalities for this purpose.Contrast enhanced ultrasound(CEUS),using second generation contrast agents,plays an increasingly important role in detecting residual disease after LRTs.CEUS is a straightforward to perform,repeatable and cost-effective imaging modality for patients with renal failure or iodine allergies.Due to the ability to focus on single regions,CEUS can also provide high temporal resolution.Moreover,several studies have reported the same or better diagnostic accuracy as contrast-enhanced computed tomography for assessing tumor vascularity 1 mo after LRTs,and recently three-dimensional(3D)-CEUS has been reported as a promising technique to improve the evaluation of tumor response to therapy.Furthermore,CEUS could be used early after procedures in monitoring HCC treatments,but nowadays this indication is still debated,and data from literature are conflicting,especially after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization procedure.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography Radiofrequency ablation Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization Ultrasound Liver

Antigen presentation by dendritic cells and their instruction of CD4+ T helper cell responses

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第6期17卷 587-599页

作者： Kerry L.Hilligan franca Ronchese Malaghan Institute of Medical Research Wellington 6012New Zealand Immunobiology Section Laboratory of Parasitic DiseasesNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA

Dendritic cells are powerful antigen-presenting cells that are essential for the priming of T cell responses.In addition to providing T-cell-receptor ligands and co-stimulatory molecules for naive T cell activation and expansion,dendritic cells are thought to also provide signals for the differentiation of CD4+T cells into effector T cell populations.The mechanisms by which dendritic cells are able to adapt and respond to the great variety of infectious stimuli they are confronted with,and prime an appropriate CD4+T cell response,are only partly understood.It is known that in the steady-state dendritic cells are highly heterogenous both in phenotype and transcriptional profile,and that this variability is dependent on developmental lineage,maturation stage,and the tissue environment in which dendritic cells are located.Exposure to infectious agents interfaces with this pre-existing heterogeneity by providing ligands for pattern-recognition and toll-like receptors that are variably expressed on different dendritic cell subsets,and elicit production of cytokines and chemokines to support innate cell activation and drive T cell differentiation.Here we review current information on dendritic cell biology,their heterogeneity,and the properties of different dendritic cell subsets.We then consider the signals required for the development of different types of Th immune responses,and the cellular and molecular evidence implicating different subsets of dendritic cells in providing such signals.We outline how dendritic cell subsets tailor their response according to the infectious agent,and how such transcriptional plasticity enables them to drive different types of immune responses.

关键词： dendritic cells CD4+T cells Th effector responses

Spatial analysis of plant detritus processing in a Mediterranean River type: the case of the River Tirso Basin, Sardinia, Italy

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第2期15卷 227-240页

作者： Maurizio Pinna franca Sangiorgio Alessio Fonnesu Alberto Basset Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies University of LecceDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies University of LecceDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies University of LecceDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies University of Lecce 73100 Lecce Italy73100 Lecce Italy73100 Lecce Italy73100 Lecce Italy

The river continuum concept represents the most general framework addressing the spatial variation of both structure and function in river ecosystems. In the Mediterranean ecoregion, summer drought events and dams constitute the main sources of local disturbance to the structure and functioning of river ecosystems occurring in the river basin. In this study, we analysed patterns of spatial variation of detritus processing in a 7th order river of the Mediterranean ecoregion(River Tirso, Sardinia-Italy) and in three 4th order sub-basins which were exposed to different summer drought pressures. The study was carried out on Phragmites australis and Alnus glutinosa leaf detritus at 31 field sites in seasonal field experiment Detritus processing rates were higher for Alnus glutinosa than for Phragmites australis plant detritus. Processing rates of Alnus glutinosa leaves varied among seasons and study sites from 0.006 d -1 to 0.189 d -1 and those of Phragmites australis leaves ranged from 0.0008 d -1 to 0.102 d -1, with the lowest values occurring at sites exposed to summer drought. Seasons and sites accounted for a significant proportion of such variability. Alder detritus decay rates generally decreased with increasing stream order, while reed detritus decay rates generally increased on the same spatial gradient. Summer drought events affected these spatial patterns of variation by influencing significantly the decay rates of both plant detritus. The comparisons among and within sub-basins showed strong negative influence of summer drought on detritus processing rates. Similarly, in the entire River Tirso basin decay rates were always lower at disturbed than at undisturbed sites for each stream order; decay rates of reed detritus remained lower at those sites even after the end of the disturbance events, while alder decay rates recovered rapidly from the summer drought perturbations. The different recovery of the processing rates of the two leaves could also explain the different patterns of spatial variat

关键词： ecosystem processes spatial patterns disturbance Mediterranean ecosystem type

Therapeutic strategies for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: State-of-the-art and future perspectives

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2022年第2期14卷 78-106页

作者： Elettra Merola Andrea Michielan Umberto Rozzanigo Marco Erini Sandro Sferrazza Stefano Marcucci Chiara Sartori Chiara Trentin Giovanni de Pretis franca Chierichetti Department of Gastroenterology Santa Chiara HospitalAzienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari(APSS)Trento 38122Italy Department of Radiology Santa Chiara HospitalAzienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari(APSS)Trento 38122Italy Department of Nuclear Medicine Santa Chiara HospitalAzienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari(APSS)Trento 38122Italy Department of Surgery Santa Chiara HospitalAzienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari(APSS)Trento 38122Italy Department of Pathology Santa Chiara HospitalAzienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari(APSS)Trento 38122Italy Department of Medical Oncology Santa Chiara HospitalAzienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari(APSS)Trento 38122Italy

Although gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms(GEP-NENs)have always been considered rare tumors,their incidence has risen over the past few decades.They represent a highly heterogeneous group of neoplasms with several prognostic factors,including disease stage,proliferative index(Ki67),and tumor differentiation.Most of these neoplasms express somatostatin receptors on the cell surface,a feature that has important implications in terms of prognosis,diagnosis,and therapy.Although International Guidelines propose algorithms aimed at guiding therapeutic strategies,GEP-NEN patients are still very different from one another,and the need for personalized treatment continues to increase.Radical surgery is always the best option when feasible;however,up to 80%of cases are metastatic upon diagnosis.Regarding medical treatments,as GEP-NENs are characterized by relatively long overall survival,multiple therapy lines are adopted during the lifetime of these patients,but the optimum sequence to be followed has never been clearly defined.Furthermore,although new molecular markers aimed at predicting the response to therapy,as well as prognostic scores,are currently being studied,their application is still far from being part of daily clinical practice.As they represent a complex disease,with therapeutic protocols that are not completely standardized,GEP-NENs require a multidisciplinary approach.This review will provide an overview of the available therapeutic options for GEP-NENs and attempts to clarify the possible approaches for the management of these patients and to discuss future perspectives in this field.

关键词： Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms Therapeutic strategies Radical surgery Medical treatments Overview Future perspectives

Nutritional and physical improvements in older adults through the DOREMI remote coaching approach:a real-world study

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Intelligent Medicine 2022年第4期2卷 181-192页

作者： Federico Vozzi Filippo Palumbo Erina Ferro Karl Kreiner franca Giugni Rachel Dutton Shirley Hall Daniele Musian Marina Parolini Patrizia Riso Oberdan Parodi Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1PisaItaly Institute of Science and Information Technology ISTI-CNR Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1PisaItaly Austrian Institute of Technology AIT Giefinggasse Wien Austria 4 Fry Accord178 Birmingham RoadWest BromwichWest MidlandsUnited Kingdom The ExtraCare Charitable Trust 7 Harry Weston RoadBinleyCoventryUnited Kingdom SI4Life Scrl Corso Podestà1/21-22-23GenoaItaly Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano NiguardaPiazzale Ospedale Maggiore 3MilanItaly Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences DEFENSUniversity of MilanVia Luigi Mangiagalli25MilanItaly Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio FTGM Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1PisaItaly

Background Malnutrition(excess or defect)and sedentariness act as an accelerator in the older people frailty process.A systemic solution has been developed to engage older people in a healthier lifestyle using serious games and food monitoring.The study aimed to evaluate protocol influence on variables related to unhealthy behaviors improving dietary habits through a remote nutritional coaching approach and stimulating the population to increase physical activity through Exergames.Methods Thirty-two subjects(25 Treatments and 7 Controls,aging 65-80 years),of which 15(11 Treatments and 4 Controls)living in the UK(ACCORD and ExtraCare Villages placed in Shenley Wood(Milton Keynes),St.Crispin(Northampton),and Showell Court(Wolverhampton))and 17(14 Treatments and 3 Controls)in Italy(Genoa,Liguria),were recruited and characterized in terms of nutritional status,physical,somatometric,hemodynamic and biochemical measurements,and body composition.Participants were stimulated to adopt the Mediterranean dietary pattern,by a food diary diet-app,and perform regular physical activity,by the Exergame app,for three months.At the end of the trial,users underwent the same test battery.Data were tested for normality of distribution by the Shapiro-Wilk test.Comparisons between groups were performed at baseline by unpaired Student’s t-test for continuous variables,chi-square test,or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables.Analysis of Variance(ANOVA)for repeated measures was used to analyze the significance of changes over time between groups.Results At the end of the trial,significant reductions of systolic(15 mmHg,P=0.001),diastolic(5 mmHg,P=0.025),mean(10 mmHg,P=0.001)blood pressure,and rate-pressure product(RPP)(1,105 mmHg∗bpm,P=0.017)values were observed in DOREMI users.A trend of improvement of physical performance by the short physical performance battery(SPPB)was observed for balance and walk subtests.A significant decrease(0.91 kg,P=0.043)in Body Mass Index(BMI)was observed in overweight subjects(BMI>25 kg/m 2)after DO

关键词： Nutrition Physical activity Elderly Healthy aging Information and communication technologies