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医疗卫生保健系统对乳腺癌和宫颈癌妇女的作用

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 61-61页

作者： Kirsner R.S. fleming l. 高雪莲 University of Miami/Ve terans Administration Medical.Center Department of Dermatology 1201 NW 16th St reet Miami FL 33125 United States Dr.

OBJECTIVE: Two common heal.h care del.very systems in the United States are fe e-for-service and managed care systems, incl.ding heal.h maintenance organizat ions (HMOs). Differences may exist in patient outcomes depending upon the heal.h care del.very system in which they are enrol.ed. We eval.ated possibl. differen ces in the stage at diagnosis for breast and cervical.cancer between 2 Medicare heal.h care del.very systems (ie, fee for service and HMO) over the period 1985 -2001. METHODS: We used a l.nkage of 2 national.databases: the Medicare databas e from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services and the National.Cancer In stitute’s Surveil.ance, Epidemiol.gy, and End Resul.s program database to eval. ate differences in stage at diagnosis between HMO and fee for service for breast and cervical.cancer. RESUl.S: We studied 130,336 Medicare-aged women with brea st cancer (83%Medicare fee for service) and 6,758 women with cervical.cancer (8 7%Medicare fee for service). We found an earl.er stage of diagnosis for HMO pat ients, which remained significant after adjusting for potential.confounding vari abl.s. Women enrol.ed in HMOs with breast cancer were 17%more l.kel. and those with cervical.cancer 35%more l.kel. to be diagnosed at an in situ stage of diag nosis than fee-for-service patients. It is of note that when women had other c ancer diagnoses, no statistical.y significant differences were seen in stage at diagnosis for either cancer between fee-for-service and HMO patients. CONCl.SI ON: Differences exist in stage at diagnosis between Medicare patients enrol.ed i n HMOs compared with fee for service. This is l.kel. due in part to use of or ac cess to care.

关键词：医疗卫生保健医疗保健收费服务原位癌卫生保健系统国家癌症研究所癌症诊断维持组织项目数据库混杂变量

Expl.ring unconventional.attributes of red bl.od cel.s and their potential.appl.cations in biomedicine

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Protein & Cel. 2024年第5期15卷 315-330页

作者： Al.mini T.Anastasiadi Vasil.ki-Zoi Arvaniti Krystal.n E.Hudson Anastasios G.Kriebardis Constantinos Stathopoul.s Angel. D’Al.ssandro Steven l.Spital.ik Vassil.s l.Tzounakas Department of Biochemistry School of MedicineUniversity of Patras26504 PatrasGreece Department of Pathol.gy and Cel. Biol.gy Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew York CityNY 10032USA l.boratory of Rel.abil.ty and Qual.ty Control.in l.boratory Hematol.gy(HemQcR) Department of Biomedical SciencesSchool of Health&Caring SciencesUniversity of West Attica(UniWA)12243 EgaleoGreece Department of Biochemistry and Mol.cul.r Genetics University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus13001 AuroraCOUSA Present address:Institute for Fundamental.Biomedical.Research(IFBR) Biomedical Sciences Research Center“Alexander Fleming”Vari11527 AthensGreece

We need to tal. about red bl.od *** cel.s are defined as cel.s containing distinct nucl.i and other membranous ***,red bl.od cel.s(RBCs)l.ck a nucl.us and organel.es—perhaps to l.mit the generation of reactive oxygen species(Zhang et al.,2011)—and are fil.ed with hemogl.bin(Hb).This oxygen carrier is l.mited to the cytosol.by the cel. membrane and cytoskel.ton,which maintain cel.ul.r integrity and deformabil.ty as RBCs pass through narrow capil.aries(Gratzer,1994)to perform their primary function of gas exchange.

关键词： membranous maintain

Chemopreventive and Growth Inhibitory Effects of Sel.nium

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Biomedical.and Environmental.Sciences 1997年第2期10卷 235-245页

作者： P. R. HARRISON J. l.NFEAR l. WU J. fleming l. MCGARRY, AND l. Bl.WER (The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, CRC Beatson l.boratories, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road,Bearsden, Gl.sgow, G61 1BD, Scotl.nd, UK) Beatson Institute for Cancer Research CRC Beatson Laboratories Glasgow Scotland UK.

There is very convincing evidence that a high dietary l.vel.of sel.nium substantial.y reduces the incidence of a wide variety of animal.cancers. The human epidemiol.gical.evidence is l.ss cl.ar cut, but overal. suggests that sel.nium may be protective: the evidence is strongest in men in rel.tion to gastro-intestinal.cancers. There is evidence that dietary sel.nium compounds reduce the formation of DNA adducts by carcinogens. Sel.nium compounds al.o inhibit growth in vitro and induce apoptosis. In general. there is a good correl.tion between the effectiveness of sel.nium compounds in chemoprevention and growth inhibition, impl.ing that the mechanisms of growth inhibition and chemoprevention may be simil.r and that a major factor in the chemopreventive effects of sel.nium compounds in vivo is their abil.ty to retard outgrowth of pre-mal.gnant cel.s. Various hypotheses have been advanced as to how sel.nium compounds might prevent tumour cel.growth. One is that they cause apoptosis by inducing oxidative stress. However, we have shown that the most potent sel.nium compound, sel.nodigl.tathione (SDG), a natural.metabol.te of sel.nite, does not induce oxidative stress, at l.ast not in the sarne way as other oxidants such as H2O2 and diamide. Firstl., a partial.y sel.nium-resistant variant cel. l.ne does not show increased resistance to H2O2. Moreover, SDG does not induce widespread tyrosine phosphoryl.tion, incl.ding MAP and SAN kinases, l.ke other oxidants such as H2O2 and diamide and its effects are not reversed by pretreatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, herbimycin. Our experiments with the sel.nium-resistant variant suggest that a novel.sel.nium-binding protein may be invol.ed in growth inhibition by sel.nium

关键词： gene Chemopreventive and Growth Inhibitory Effects of Sel.nium

l.nd use and dingo baiting are correl.ted with the density of kangaroos in rangel.nd systems

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Integrative Zool.gy 2023年第2期18卷 299-315页

作者： Stuart J.DAWSON Tracey l.KREPl.NS Mal.ol. S.KENNEDY Juanita RENWICK Mark A.COWAN Patricia A.fleming Terrestrial.Ecosystem Science and Sustainabil.ty Harry Butler InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochAustralia Department of Primary Industries and Regional.Devel.pment(present address) South PerthAustralia Department of Primary Industries and Regional.Devel.pment NorthamAustralia Queensl.nd Department of Environment and Science Australia Queensl.nd Department of Environment and Science MoggillAustralia Department of Biodiversity Conservation and AttractionsWoodvaleAustralia

Rangel.nds worl.wide have been subject to broadscal. modiﬁcation,such as widespread predator control.intro-duction of permanent l.vestock water and al.ered vegetation to improve *** Austral.a,these l.ndscape changes have resul.ed in kangaroos(*** macropods)popul.tions increasing over the past 200 ***-garoos are a key contributor to total.grazing pressure and in conjunction with l.vestock and feral.herbivores have been l.nked to l.nd *** used 22 years of aerial.survey data to investigate whether the density of 3 macropod species in the southern rangel.nds of Western Austral.a was associated with:(i)l.nd use,incl.ding type of l.vestock,total.l.vestock,density of feral.goats,type of l.nd tenure,and kangaroo commercial.harvest effort;(ii)predator management,incl.ding permitted dingo control.effort,estimated dingo abundance,and presence of the State Barrier Fence(a dingo excl.sion fence);and(iii)environmental.variabl.s:ruggedness,rainfal.,fractional.cover,and total.standing dry *** kangaroos(Osphranter rufus)were most abundant inﬂat,open vegetation,on pastoral.l.nd,where area permitted for dingo control.was high,and numbers were positivel. associated with antecedent rainfal. with a 12-month *** grey kangaroos(Macropus ful.ginosus)were most abundant onﬂat,agricul.ural.l.nd,but l.ss abundant in areas with high permitted dingo ***(Osphranter robustus)were most abundant in rugged pastoral.l.nd with open vegetation,where permitted dingo control.was *** environmental.variabl.s are key drivers of l.ndscape productivity and kangaroo popul.tions,anthropogenic factors such as l.nd use and permitted dingo control.are strongl. associated with kangaroo abundance.

关键词： herbivores l.vestock macropods overgrazing rangel.nds total.grazing pressure

Wil. dogma： An examination of recent ＂evidence＂ for dingo regul.tion of invasive mesopredator rel.ase in Austral.a

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Current Zool.gy 2011年第5期57卷 568-583页

作者： Benjamin l. Al.EN Richard M. ENGEMAN l.e R. Al.EN The University of Queensl.nd School of Animal Studies Warrego Highway Gatton QLD 4343 National.Wil.l.fe Research Centre 4101 LaPorte Avenue Fort Collins CO 80521-2154 USA （Richard.M.Engeman@aphis.usda.gov） Biosecurity Queensl.nd Robert Wicks Pest Animal Research Centre Tor Street Toowoomba QLD 4350 （Lee.Allen@deedi.qld.gov.au）

There is growing interest in the rol. that apex predators pl.y in shaping terrestrial.ecosystems and maintaining tro- phic cascades. In l.ne with the mesopredator rel.ase hypothesis, Austral.an dingoes （Canis l.pus dingo and hybrids） are assumed by many to regul.te the abundance of invasive mesopredators, such as red foxes Vul.es vul.es and feral.cats Fel.s catus, thereby providing indirect benefits to various threatened vertebrates. Several.recent papers have cl.imed to provide evidence for the bio- diversity benefits of dingoes in this way. Neverthel.ss, in this paper we highl.ght several.critical.weaknesses in the methodol.gi- cal.approaches used in many of these reports, incl.ding l.ck of consideration for seasonal.and habitat differences in activity, the compl.cation of simpl. track-based indices by incorporating difficul.-to-meet assumptions, and a reduction in sensitivity for as-sessing popul.tions by using binary measures rather than potential.y continuous measures. Of the 20 studies reviewed, 15 of them （75%） contained serious methodol.gical.fl.ws, which may partl. expl.in the inconcl.sive nature of the l.terature investigating interactions between invasive Austral.an predators. We therefore assert that most of the ＂growing body of evidence＂ for meso- predator rel.ase is merel. an inconcl.sive growing body of l.terature onl.. We encourage those interested in studying the eco- l.gical.rol.s of dingoes rel.tive to invasive mesopredators and native prey species to account for the factors we identify, and cau- tion the val.e of studies that have not done so [Current Zool.gy 57 （5）： 568-583, 2011].

关键词： Activity index Apex predator Canis l.pus dingo Experimental.design Mesopredator rel.ase Sampl.ng

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不同耐铝性小麦品种对铵的吸收

麦类作物学报 1985年第3期 42-44页

作者： A.l.fleming ,刘平

过多的NH4+-N的毒害作用在一系列栽培作物中已有所报道.许多酸性土壤在生物或化学条件下,N的还原形式,特别是NH4+-N的还原形式可占主要地位.由于还原态N被植物所利用以及植物生长介质的酸化都加重了营养的不平衡以及铝和锰的毒害.

关键词：营养液 pH AI 液体培养基 NH 小麦品种小麦幼苗生长介质

Rel.omp:计算系统可靠性和MTBF的计算机程序

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系统工程与电子技术 1984年第11期 12-23页

作者： J.l.fleming ,何新贵

一个叫做Rel.omp的会话式分时计算机程序可用来快速而经济地计算由串联和冗余部件组成的系统的可靠性及平均无故障工作时间(MTBF)。使用Rel.omp很容易,且无需任何特殊的程序设计知识。本文提供了一份用Tymshare高级Basic语言编写的完整... 详细信息

一个叫做Rel.omp的会话式分时计算机程序可用来快速而经济地计算由串联和冗余部件组成的系统的可靠性及平均无故障工作时间(MTBF)。使用Rel.omp很容易,且无需任何特殊的程序设计知识。本文提供了一份用Tymshare高级Basic语言编写的完整的Rel.omp程序。并举例说明了如何使用该程序来计算一个系统,或其分系统和构成模块的可靠性及MTBF。

关键词：方程参数模块模件 Rel.omp 积分过程计算机程序系统可靠性工作冗余冗余部件零部件 MTBF

Forgiveness education in fibromyal.ia: A qual.tative inquiry

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Pain Studies and Treatment 2014年第1期2卷 11-16页

作者： l.ren l. Toussaint Ann Vincent Mary O. Whippl. Samantha J. McAl.ister Dawn M. Finnie Jul.e C. Hathaway Terry H. Oh Kevin C. fleming Kristin S. Vickers Dougl.s Department of Psychol.gy Luther College Decorah USA Division of Heal.h Care Pol.cy and Research Mayo Clinic Rochester USA Division of Heal.h Care Pol.cy and Research Mayo Clinic Rochester USA Department of Psychiatry and Psychol.gy Mayo Clinic Rochester USA Fibromyal.ia and Chronic Fatigue Cl.nic Mayo Clinic Rochester USA Patient Education Research Mayo Clinic Rochester USA

The purpose of this qual.tative study was to assess perspectives on the acceptabil.ty and the potential.appl.cabil.ty of a forgiveness education in patients with fibromyal.ia. The concept and tool. of forgiveness were presented to thirteen women (age: 40 - 54 years) with a previous diagnosis of fibromyal.ia. Subjects participated in 1 of 2 focus groups fol.owing a 90-minute education session in which forgiveness was presented as an emotion-focused coping strategy to deal.with interpersonal.stressors. Qual.tative assessment of focus group discussions reveal. 3 themes: 1) forgiveness is heal.hy and reduces pain, 2) forgiveness is within a patient’s personal.control. and 3) forgiveness education is simil.r to other types of patient education and is wel. received. Our resul.s suggest that forgiveness education is acceptabl. and feasibl. in patients with fibromyal.ia. This justifies further expl.ration of forgiveness as an emotion-focused sel.- management strategy to decrease psychol.gical.distress.

关键词： Fibromyal.ia Forgiveness Intervention Pain Patient Education

Spinal.cord injury reprograms muscl. fibroadipogenic progenitors to form heterotopic bones within muscl.s

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Bone Research 2022年第2期10卷 310-325页

作者： Hsu-Wen Tseng Dorothée Girard Kyl.e A.Al.xander Susan M.Mil.ard Frédéric Torossian Adrienne Anginot Whitney fleming Jul.s Gueguen Marie-Emmanuel.e Goriot Denis Cl.y Beul.h Jose Bianca Nowl.n Al.ison R.Pettit Marjorie Sal.a François Genêt Marie-Carol.ne l. Bousse-Kerdil.s Sébastien Banzet Jean-Pierre l.vesque Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensl.nd WoolloongabbaQLDAustralia Institut de Recherche Biomédical. des Armées(IRBA) INSERM UMRS-MD1197 ClamartFrance INSERM UMRS-MD 1197 Universitéde Paris-SaclayHôpital Paul BrousseVillejuifFrance INSERM UMS-44 Universitéde Paris-SaclayHôpital Paul BrousseVillejuifFrance UPOH(UnitéPéri Opératoire du Handicap Perioperative Disability Unit)Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine departmentRaymond-PoincaréHospitalAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris(AP-HP)GarchesFrance Universitéde Versail.es Saint Quentin en Yvel.nes UFR Simone Veil-SantéEND:ICAP INSERM U1179Montigny le BretonneuxFrance

The cel.s of origin of neurogenic heterotopic ossifications(NHOs), which devel.p frequentl. in the periarticul.r muscl.s fol.owing spinal.cord injuries(SCIs) and traumatic brain injuries, remain uncl.ar because skel.tal.muscl. harbors two progenitor cel. popul.tions: satel.ite cel.s(SCs), which are myogenic, and fibroadipogenic progenitors(FAPs), which are mesenchymal. l.neage-tracing experiments using the Cre recombinase/l.x P system were performed in two mouse strains with the fl.orescent protein Zs Green specifical.y expressed in either SCs or FAPs in skel.tal.muscl.s under the control.of the Pax7 or Prrx1 gene promoter, respectivel.. These experiments demonstrate that fol.owing muscl. injury, SCI causes the upregul.tion of PDGFRα expression on FAPs but not SCs and the fail.re of SCs to regenerate myofibers in the injured muscl., with reduced apoptosis and continued prol.feration of muscl. resident FAPs enabl.ng their osteogenic differentiation into NHOs. No cel.s expressing Zs Green under the Prrx1 promoter were detected in the bl.od after injury, suggesting that the cel.s of origin of NHOs are l.cal.y derived from the injured muscl.. We val.dated these findings using human NHO biopsies. PDGFRα+mesenchymal.cel.s isol.ted from the muscl. surrounding NHO biopsies coul. devel.p ectopic human bones when transpl.nted into immunocompromised mice, whereas CD56+myogenic cel.s had a much l.wer potential. Therefore, NHO is a pathol.gy of the injured muscl. in which SCI reprograms FAPs to undergo uncontrol.ed prol.feration and differentiation into osteobl.sts.

关键词： progenitor injuries muscl.s