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S-Shaped Fused Azacorannulene Dimer:Structural and Redox Properties

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CCS Chemistry 2023年第5期5卷 1108-1117页

作者： Weifan Wang fiona Hanindita Richard D.Webster Shingo Ito Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371

Because of their unique structural and chemical properties,buckybowl molecules have attracted considerable attention in a wide range of scientific *** importance and utility of buckybowl molecules significantly increases once they acquire largerπ-surface area and/or *** fusion of buckybowl molecules has emerged as a new strategy to extend theπ-surface of polycyclic aromatic compounds;however,theπ-extension of heteroatom-embedded buckybowls by the fusion strategy is still *** we report the synthesis and propeties of a fused azacorannulene dimer bearing a C62N2 core(1a),which can also be regarded as a double aza[5]*** to the steric repulsion between two azapentabenzocorannulene moieties,this molecule shows a rigid S-shaped structure where the two azacorannulene bowls face in opposite *** chemical oxidation of 1a resulted in the formation of the corresponding radical cation(1a^(+))and dication(1a^(2+)),providing an important insight into their *** fusion of heteroatom-embedded buckybowls provides a powerful way to synthesizeπ-extended polycyclic aromatic molecules.

关键词： azacorannulenes buckybowl dimer redox chemistry structure elucidation cycloadditions

Nanostructure and mechanical properties of the osteocyte lacunar-canalicular network-associated bone matrix revealed by quantitative nanomechanical mapping

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Nano Research 2015年第10期8卷 3250-3260页

作者： Shuai Zhang fiona Linnea Bach-Gansmo Dan Xia Flemming Besenbacher Henrik Birkedal Mingdong Dong TheInterdisciplinaryNanoscienceCenter AarhusUniversityAarhusC8000Denmark DepartmentofChemistry AarhusUniversityAarhusC8000Denmark

Osteocytes are the main bone cells embedded in the bone matrix where they form a large surface-area network called the lacunar-canalicular network （LCN）, interconnecting their resident spaces with the lacunae by the canaliculi. Increasing evidence points toward osteocytes playing a pivotal role in maintaining bone quality. On the one hand, osteocytes transmit mechanical strain and microenvironmental signals through the LCN to regulate the activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts; on the other hand, osteocytes are suggested to be able to remodel the LCN-associated bone matrix. However, due to the challenges involved in the assessment and characterization of the LCN-associated bone matrix, little is known about its structure and the corresponding mechanical properties. In this work, we used quantitative nanomechanical mapping, backscattered electron imaging, and nanoindentation to characterize the LCN-associated bone matrix. The results show that the techniques can be used to probe the LCN-associated bone matrix. Nanoindentation and quantitative mechanical mapping reveal spatially inhomogeneous mechanical properties of the bone matrix associated with the osteocyte lacunae and canaliculi. The obtained nano-topography and corresponding nano-mechanical maps reveal altered mechanical properties in the immediate vicinity of the osteocyte lacunae and canaliculi, which cannot be explained solely by the topographic change.

关键词： lacunar-canalicularnetwork osteocyte perilacunar bone matrix pericanalicular bone matrix reduced modulus mechanical properties

General heat balance for oxygen steelmaking

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2021年第5期28卷 538-551页

作者： N.Madhavan G.A. brooks M.A. Rhamdhani B.K. Rout A. Overbosch Department of Mechanical and Product Design Engineering Swinburne University of TechnologyHawthorn 3122VICAustralia Tata Steel Ijmuiden 1951 JZThe Netherlands

Energy balances are a general fundamental approach for analyzing the heat requirements for metallurgical *** formulation of heat balance equations was involved by computing the various components of heat going in and coming out of the oxygen steelmaking *** developed model was validated against the calculations of Healy and *** overall heat losses that have not been analyzed in previous studies were quantified by back-calculating heat loss from 35 industrial data provided by Tata *** results from the model infer that the heat losses range from 1.3%to 5.9%of the total heat input and it can be controlled by optimizing the silicon in hot metal,the amount of scrap added and the postcombustion *** model prediction shows that sensible heat available from the hot metal accounts for around 66%of total heat input and the rest from the exothermic oxidation *** of 34%of the heat from exothermic reactions,between 20%and 25%of heat is evolved from the oxidation of carbon to carbon monoxide and carbon *** model can be applied to predict the heat balance of any top blown oxygen steelmaking technology but needs further validation for a range of oxygen steelmaking operations and conditions.

关键词： Heat balance Static model Process control Optimization Basic oxygen steelmaking Heat loss

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans accurately predict differing body fat content in live sheep

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第1期10卷 248-253页

作者： David W Miller Ellen J Bennett Joanne L Harrison fiona Anderson Clare L Adam School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC) Peter Wilson Building The Faculty of Health University of Tasmania School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health University of Aberdeen

Background: There is considerable interest in implementing mobile scanning technology for on-farm body composition analysis on live *** experiments evaluated the use of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA) as an accurate method of total body fat measurement in live ***: In Exp.1,visceral and whole body fat analysis was undertaken in sheep with body condition scores(BCS)in the range 2 to 3.25(scale 1: thin to 5: fat).The relationship of BCS was moderately correlated with visceral fat depot mass(r = 0.59,P 0.05,n = 9).There was a moderate correlation between DXA body fat and BCS(r = 0.70,P < 0.01,n = 17),and DXA body fat was highly correlated with chemical body fat(r = 0.81,P < 0.001,n = 9).In Exp.3,a series of five DXA scans,at 8-week intervals,was performed on growing sheep over a 32-week *** average BCS ranged from 2.39 ± 0.07(S.E.M.) to 3.05 ± 0.11 and the DXA body fat(%) ranged from 16.8 ± 0.8 to 24.2 ± *** was a moderate correlation between DXA body fat and BCS over the 32 weeks(r = 0.61,P < 0.001,n = 24).Conclusions: Overall,these experiments indicated that there was good agreement between BCS,DXA and chemical analysis for measuring total body fat in sheep,and that DXA scanning is a valid method for longitudinal measurement of total body fat in live sheep.

关键词： BCS DEXA Fat Leptin Longitudinal Sheep

Effect of corrosion inhibiting compounds on the corrosion behaviour of pure magnesium and the magnesium alloys EV31A, WE43B and ZE41A

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第2期9卷 432-455页

作者： Akif Soltan Matthew S.Dargusch Zhiming Shi fiona Jones Barry Wood Darren Gerrard Andrej Atrens School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQld 4072Australia UQ Materials Performance The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQld 4072Australia Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQld 4072Australia Defence Materials Technology Centre DMTC LimitedLevel 224 Wakefield StreetHawthornVic 3122Australia Defence Science and Technology Group 506 Lorimer StreetFishermans BendVic 3207Australia

This paper studied corrosion of pure Mg and the Mg alloys EV31A,WE43B,ZE41A,coated with commercial corrosion inhibiting compounds(CICs)(LPS 3,LPS2,AMLGuard,Ardrox 3961)immersed in 3.5 wt%(0.6M)Na Cl solution saturated with Mg(OH)_(2).All four CICs reduced corrosion *** 3 resulted in zero corrosion rates and 100%inhibition in most *** 2 and AMLGuard had comparable inhibition efficiencies,whilst Ardrox 3961 had the lowest inhibition *** in corrosion rates was tentatively attributed to barrier films formed by chemical adsorption for LPS 3 and AMLGuard,and by physical adsorption for LPS2 and Ardrox 3961.

关键词： Magnesium Weight loss Hydrogen evolution XPS FTIR Corrosion inhibition

Femoral neck stress fracture and medial tibial stress syndrome following high intensity interval training: A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第23期10卷 8323-8329页

作者： Dawn Suwanie Tan fiona Millicent Cheung Dekai Ng Tin Lung Alan Cheung Department of Orthopaedic Surgery International Orthopaedic ClinicSingapore329563Singapore

BACKGROUND Femoral and tibial stress injuries are commonly found in long distance running *** fractures have rarely been reported in athletes performing high intensity interval training(HIIT)*** objective of this study was to report a case of a patient who presented with medial tibial stress syndrome and femoral neck stress fracture after performing HIIT *** SUMMARY A 26 year old female presented with bilateral medial tibial *** had been performing HIIT exercise for 45 min,five times weekly,for a seven month *** tibial pain was gradual in onset,and was now severe and worse on exercise,despite six weeks of *** resonance imaging(MRI)revealed bilateral medial tibial stress *** she was taking norethisterone for birth control,a dual energy X-ray absorbitometry scan was performed which demonstrated normal bone mineral density of her lumbar spine and femoral *** was managed conservatively with analgesia and physiotherapy,but continued to exercise against medical *** presented again six months later with severe right hip *** of her right hip demonstrated an incomplete stress fracture of her subtrochanteric *** symptoms resolved with strict rest and *** HIIT may cause stress injury of the tibia and femur in young individuals.

关键词： High intensity interval training Medial tibial stress syndrome Femoral neck stress fracture Exercise Fracture Case report

Sexuality following trauma injury: A literature review

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Burns & Trauma 2014年第2期2卷 61-70页

作者： Kylie Marie Connell Rosemary Coates fiona Melanie Wood Department of Sexology School of Public HealthFaculty of Health SciencesCurtin UniversityPerthWestern Australia fiona Wood Foundation PerthWestern Australia Burns Service of Western Australia Royal Perth HospitalWestern Australia4Burn Injury Research Unit University of Western Australia PerthWestern AustraliaAustralia

Restoration of the quality of life(QoL)of trauma injury survivors is the aim of trauma *** is generally acknowledged that sexuality is an important component of QoL;however,rehabilitation services frequently fall short of including sexuality as a matter of *** literature was reviewed to examine the experiences of trauma survivors from three groups:spinal cord injury(SCI),traumatic brain injury(TBI)and *** focus was on the impact of trauma on the QoL to identify future research directions and to advocate for the inclusion of sexuality as an integral part of *** searched were Proquest,Ovid,Cinahl,Medline,PsycInfo and Cochrane Central Register of controlled trials.A total of 36 eligible studies were included:SCI(n=25),TBI(n=6),burns(n=5).Four themes were identified across the three trauma groups that were labeled as physiological impact of trauma on sexuality,cognitive-genital dissociation(CGD),sexual disenfranchisement(SD)and sexual rediscovery(SR).Trauma injury has a significant impact on sexuality,which is not routinely addressed within rehabilitation *** sexuality research is required among all trauma groups to improve rehabilitation services and in turn QoL outcomes for all trauma survivors.

关键词： Burns rehabilitation spinal cord injury sexuality traumatic brain injury

Ectomycorrhizal and Saprotrophic Fungal Communities Vary Across mm-Scale Soil Microsites Differing in Phosphatase Activity

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Pedosphere 2019年第3期29卷 344-359页

作者： Aaron GODIN Denise brooks Sue J. GRAYSTON Melanie D. JONES Biology Department University of British Columbia Okanagan campus Kelowna V1V 1V7 (Canada) Department of Forest & Conservation Sciences Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 (Canada)

To understand nutrient cycling in soils, soil processes and microorganisms need be better characterized. To determine whether specific trophic groups of fungi are associated with soil enzyme activity, we used soil imprinting to guide mm-scale sampling from microsites with high and low phosphatase activities in birch/Douglas-fir stands. Study 1 involved sampling one root window per site at 12 sites of different ages(stands);study 2 was conducted at one of the stem-exclusion stands, at which 5 root windows had been installed. Total fungal and ectomycorrhizal(EM) fungal terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism(TRFLP)fingerprints differed between high-and low-phosphatase activity microsites at 8 of 12 root windows across 12 sites. Where differences were detected, fewer EM fungi were detected in high-than low-phosphatase activity microsites. Using 5 root windows at one site,next-generation sequencing detected similar fungal communities across microsites, but the ratio of saprotrophic to EM fungal reads was higher in high-phosphatase activity microsites in the two windows that had low EM fungal richness. In windows with differences in fungal communities, both studies indicated that EM fungi were less successful than saprotrophic fungi in colonizing fine-scale,organic matter-rich microsites. Fine-scale sampling linked with in situ detection of enzyme activity revealed relationships between soil fungal communities and phosphatase activity that could not be observed at the scales employed by conventional approaches, thereby contributing to the understanding of fine-scale phosphorus cycling in forest soils.

关键词： ectomycorrhizae fine scale fungal communities phosphatase root windows saprotrophic fungi soil imprinting

Extreme Weather Disruptions and Emergency Preparedness Among Older Adults in Ohio: An Eight-County Assessment

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 213-225页

作者： Smitha Rao fiona C.Doherty Anthony Traver Marisa Sheldon Emma Sakulich Holly Dabelko‑Schoeny College of Social Work The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Age Friendly Innovation Center College of Social WorkThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA College of Public Health The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

The disproportionate risks and impacts of climate change and extreme weather on older adults are increasingly evident. While especially true in disaster-prone areas, human-caused climate change introduces an element of uncertainty even in previously identified “safe” regions such as the Midwestern United States. Using a cumulative disadvantage and vulnerability-informed framework and descriptive statistics from multiple data sources, this article provides an overview of climate impacts, vulnerabilities, and county-level characteristics, focusing on older adults living in Central Ohio. A comparative multiple-case study methodology was used to triangulate regionally representative primary and secondary data sources to examine state and county-level measures of vulnerability, emergency preparedness, and disruptions caused by extreme weather among older adults across eight counties in Central Ohio. Seventy-eight percent of older adults in the sample reported being prepared for emergencies per Federal Emergency Management Agency guidelines. Older adults in Union County reported the highest rates of preparedness, while those in Fayette County reported the lowest. County-level rates of disruption of life activities by extreme weather ranged widely. Among the most rural in the region, Fayette County emerged as uniquely disadvantaged, with the lowest median income, the most vulnerable across multiple social vulnerability dimensions, and the most reported disruptions to life activities from extreme weather. County profiles offer a snapshot of existing vulnerabilities, socioeconomic conditions, special needs, preparedness, and current disruptions among older adults in the region and can inform resource mobilization across community and policy contexts.

关键词： Disaster preparedness Extreme weather Midwestern United States Older adults Regional assessment Social vulnerability