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Bariatric surgery in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-from pathophysiology to clinical effects

World Journal of Hepatology 2019年第2期11卷 138-149页

作者： Tea L Laursen Christoffer A Hagemann Chunshan Wei konstantin kazankov karen L Thomsen filip k knop Henning Grønbæk Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Aarhus University Hospital Gubra ApS Clinical Metabolic Physiology Steno Diabetes Center CopenhagenGentofte Hospital Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen Department of Hepatology Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospitalthe Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is increasingly recognized as a significant liver disease,and it covers the disease spectrum from simple steatosis with a risk of development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) to fibrosis,subsequent cirrhosis,end-stage liver failure,and liver cancer with a potential need for liver *** and NASH are closely related to obesity,metabolic syndrome,and type 2 diabetes(T2 D).The role of gut hormones,especially glucagon-like peptide 1(GLP-1),is important in *** surgery has the potential for inducing great weight loss and may improve the symptoms of metabolic syndrome and T2 *** data demonstrated significant effects of bariatric surgery on GLP-1 and other gut hormones and important lipid metabolic and inflammatory abnormalities in the pathophysiology of ***,bariatric surgery may reverse the pathological liver changes in NAFLD and NASH *** the present review,we describe NAFLD and NASH pathophysiology and the primary effects of bariatric surgery on metabolic *** performed a systematic review of the beneficial and harmful effects and focused on changes in liver disease severity in NAFLD and NASH *** specific focus was liver histopathology as assessed by the invasive liver ***,we reviewed several non-invasive methods used for the assessment of liver disease severity following bariatric surgery.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Bariatric surgery Insulin resistance,Gut hormones Glucagon-like peptide 1 Steatosis Inflammation Fibrosis

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Birds in rocky habitats of the Tatra Mountains (Carpathians)： species diversity and multiple ecological relationships

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第6期13卷 1078-1084页

作者： Michal CIACH filip kOWALSkI Department of Forest Biodiversity Institute of Forest Ecology and SilvicultureFaculty of ForestryUniversity of Agricultureal.29 Listopada 4531-425 KrakowPoland

Rocky habitats are regarded as biodiversity hot-spots. Along with high species diversity, diverse ecological relationships can be observed in these habitats. Large groups of bird species use rocks in various ways： as perching/roosting sites, breeding or foraging habitats, information exchange sites, display arenas or as sources of minerals and water. Because of the inaccessibility of these environments, their role and importance to animals has been underestimated. We evaluated the use of rocky habitats by birds in the Tatra Mountains （49°13′N; 19°57′E, Carpathians, central Europe）. Rocky habitats were used by 29 bird species, eight of which used cliffs directly （i.e. for nesting, foraging or resting）. The number of species recorded as using cliffs was correlated with the surface area of the cliff face. A total of 2o forms of rocky habitat use were recorded, in five behavioural categories： vocalization, foraging, perching, flight and nesting. Prevailing behaviours were flying by a rock face, circling above the face, and vocalization on a tree/shrub growing next to a rock. Rocks provide a nesting habitat for specialized petrophilic species and permit the existence of numerous ecological relations between species and habitats. The results of this study show that rocky habitats support the diversity of ecological relationships.

关键词： Bird community Rock Cliff Mountains Alpine species Ecological relationships

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Clinical and economic consequences of pancreatic fistula after elective pancreatic resection

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2013年第5期12卷 533-539页

作者： filip Ceka Bohumil Jon Zdeněk ubrt Alexander Ferko Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Králové Department of Field Surgery Military Health Science FacultyHradec KrálovéDefence University Brno

BACkGROUND:Postoperative pancreatic fistula is the main cause of morbidity after pancreatic *** study aimed to quantify the clinical and economic consequences of pancreatic fistula in a medium-volume pancreatic surgery ***:Hospital records from patients who had undergone elective pancreatic resection in our department were *** fistula was defined according to the International Study Group on Pancreatic Fistula(ISGPF).The consequences of pancreatic fistula were determined by treatment cost,hospital stay,and out-patient follow-up until the pancreatic fistula was completely *** costs of the treatment are calculated in *** cost increase index was calculated for pancreatic fistula of grades A,B,and C as multiples of the total cost for the no fistula ***:In 54 months,102 patients underwent elective pancreatic *** patients(39.2%) developed pancreatic fistula,and 54 patients(52.9%) had one or more *** median length of hospital stay for the no fistula,grades A,B,and C fistula groups was 12.5,14,20,and 59 days,*** hospital stay of patients with fistula of grades B and C was significantly longer than that of patients with no fistula(P<0.001).The median total cost of the treatment was 4952,4679,8239,and 30 820 Euros in the no fistula,grades A,B,and C fistula groups,***:The grading recommended by the ISGPF is useful for comparing the clinical severity of fistula and for analyzing the clinical and economic consequences of pancreatic *** fistula prolongs the hospital stay and increases the cost of treatment in proportion to the severity of the fistula.

关键词： pancreatic resection pancreatic fistula cost analysis

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Adaptive slices for acquisition of anisotropic BRDF

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Computational Visual Media 2018年第1期4卷 55-69页

作者： Radomfr Vavra Jiri filip Institute of Information Theory and Automation of the CAS Pod Vodarenskou vezi4185 08Praha 8Czech Republic

BRDF continues to be used as a fundamental tool for representing material appearance in computer graphics. In this paper we present a practical adaptive method for acquisition of anisotropic BRDF, based on sparse adaptive measurement of the complete four-dimensional BRDF space by means of one-dimensional slices, which form a sparse fourdimensional structure in the BRDF space, and can be measured by continuous movements of a light source and sensor. Such a sampling approach is advantageous especially for gonioreflectometer-based measurement devices where the mechanical travel of a light source and a sensor imposes a significant time constraint. In order to evaluate our method, we have performed adaptive measurements of three materials and we simulated adaptive measurements of thirteen others. This method has one quarter the reconstruction error of that resulting from regular non-adaptive BRDF measurements using the same number of measured samples. Our method is almost twice as good as a previous adaptive method, and it requires from two to five times fewer samples to achieve the same results as alternative approaches.

关键词： anisotropic BRDF slice sampling

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Comparative analysis of experimental testing procedures for the elicitation of rescue actions in ants

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Current Zoology 2022年第2期68卷 159-168页

作者： filip TURZA krzysztof MILER Institute of Environmental Sciences Faculty of BiologyJagiellonian UniversityGronostajowa 7Krakow 30-387Poland Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals Polish Academy of SciencesStawkowska 17Krakow 31-016Poland

Rescue behavior is observed when 1 individual provides help to another individual in *** reports of rescue behavior concern ants(Formicidae),in which workers rescue each other from various types of *** of these entrapment situations can be simulated in the laboratory using an entrapment bioassay,in which ants confront a single endangered nest mate entrapped on a sandy arena by means of an artificial ***,we compared numerous characteristics of rescue actions(contact between individuals,digging around the entrapped individual,pulling at its body parts,transport of the sand covering it,and biting the snare entrapping it)in Formica cinerea *** performed entrapment tests in the field and in the laboratory,with the latter under varying conditions in terms of the number of ants potentially engaged in rescue actions and the arena substrate(marked or unmarked by ants'pheromones).Rescue actions were more probable and pronounced in the field than in the laboratory,regardless of the type of ***,different test types in the laboratory yielded inconsistent results and showed noteworthy variability depending on the tested characteristic of *** results illustrate the specifics of ant rescue actions elicited in the natural setting,which is especially important considering the scarcity of field ***,our results underline the challenges related to the comparison of results from different types of entrapment tests reported in the available ***,our study shows how animal behavior differs in differing experimental setups used to answer the same questions.

关键词： ants animal behavior entrapment bioassay Formica cinerea rescue behavior

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Image-based appearance acquisition of effect coatings

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Computational Visual Media 2019年第1期5卷 73-89页

作者： Jirí filip Radomír Vávra The Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Information Theory and AutomationPod Vodárenskou vezı4185 08Praha 8Czech Republic

Paint manufacturers strive to introduce unique visual effects to coatings in order to visually communicate functional properties of products using value-added, customized design. However, these effects often feature complex, angularly dependent, spatiallyvarying behavior, thus representing a challenge in digital reproduction. In this paper we analyze several approaches to capturing spatially-varying appearances of effect coatings. We compare a baseline approach based on a bidirectional texture function(BTF) with four variants of half-difference parameterization. Through a psychophysical study, we determine minimal sampling along individual dimensions of this *** conclude that, compared to BTF, bivariate representations better preserve visual fidelity of effect coatings, better characterizing near-specular behavior and significantly the restricting number of images which must be captured.

关键词： effect coatings measurement bidirectional texture function(BTF) appearance psychophysical experiment

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Pancreatic Castleman disease treated with laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2013年第3期12卷 332-334页

作者： filip ecka Alexander Ferko Bohumil Jon Zdeněk ubrt Petra kaparová Rudolf Repák Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Králové Department of Field Surgery Military Health Science Faculty Hradec Králové Defence University Brno Fingerland Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Králové Second Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Králové

BACkGROUND: Castleman disease is an uncommon lympho-proliferative disorder most frequently occurring in the mediastinum. Abdominal forms are less frequent, with pancreatic localization of the disease in particular being extremely rare. Only seventeen cases have been described in the world literature. METHOD: This report describes an interesting and unusual case of pancreatic Castleman disease treated with laparoscopic resection. RESULTS: A 48-year-old woman presented with epigastric pain. CT scan showed a well-encapsulated mass on the ventral border of the pancreas. Endosonography with fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed. Biopsy showed lymphoid elements and structures of a normal lymph node. The patient was treated with laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. The pancreas was transected with a Ligasure device and the pancreatic stump was secured with a manual suture. One year after surgery the patient was complaint-free and showed no signs of recurrence of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy is a feasible and safe method for the treatment of lesions in the body and tail of the pancreas. Transection of the pancreas with a Ligasure device offers the advantages of low bleeding and low risk of pancreatic fistula.

关键词： Castleman disease pancreas laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy Ligasure

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The structural biology of ryanodine receptors

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2011年第8期54卷 712-724页

作者： Lynn kIMLICkA filip VAN PETEGEM University of British Columbia Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Ryanodine receptors are ion channels that allow for the release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic or sarcoplasmic *** are expressed in many different cell types but are best known for their predominance in skeletal and cardiac myocytes,where they are directly involved in excitation-contraction *** molecular weights exceeding 2 MDa,Ryanodine Receptors are the largest ion channels known to date and present major challenges for structural *** their discovery in the 1980s,significant progress has been made in understanding their behaviour through multiple structural ***-electron microscopy reconstructions of intact channels depict a mushroom-shaped structure with a large cytoplasmic region that pre-sents many binding sites for regulatory *** region undergoes significant motions during opening and closing of the channel,demonstrating that the Ryanodine Receptor is a bona fide allosteric ***-resolution structures through X-ray crystallography and NMR currently cover～11% of the entire *** combination of high-and low-resolution methods allows us to build pseudo-atomic *** we present an overview of the electron microscopy,NMR,and crystallographic analyses of this membrane protein giant.

关键词： calcium release excitation-contraction coupling genetic disease structural biology calcium release channel ion channel

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Goal-Oriented Anisotropic hp-Adaptive Discontinuous Galerkin Method for the Euler Equations

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2022年第1期4卷 143-179页

作者： Vít Dolejší filip Roskovec Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles UniversitySokolovská8318675 PragueCzech Republic

We deal with the numerical solution of the compressible Euler equations with the aid of the discontinuous Galerkin(DG)method with focus on the goal-oriented error estimates and *** analyse the adjoint consistency of the DG scheme where the adjoint problem is not formulated by the differentiation of the DG form and the target functional but using a suitable linearization of the nonlinear ***,we present the goal-oriented anisotropic hp-mesh adaptation method for the Euler *** theoretical results are supported by numerical experiments.

关键词： Euler equations Discontinuous Galerkin method Target functional Adjoint consistency Anisotropic hp-mesh adaptation

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A Multiscale Method for Damage Analysis of Quasi-Brittle Heterogeneous Materials

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2019年第7期120卷 123-156页

作者： filip Putar Jurica Soric Tomislav Lesicar Zdenko Tonkovic Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture University of ZagrebIvana Lucica 5Zagreb 10000Croatia

A novel multiscale algorithm based on the higher-order continuum at both micro-and macrostructural level is proposed for the consideration of the quasi-brittle damage response of heterogeneous ***,the microlevel damage is modelled by the degradation of the homogenized stress and tangent stiffness tensors,which are then upscaled to govern the localization at the *** C^1 continuity finite element employing a modified case of Mindlin’s form II strain energy density is derived for the softening *** the authors’knowledge,the finite element discretization based on the strain gradient theory is applied for the modeling of damage evolution at the microstructural level for heterogeneous materials for the first *** advantage of the novel C1 finite element formulation in comparison with the standard finite element discretization in terms of the regularization efficiency as well as the objectivity has been *** isotropic damage law is used for the reduction of the constitutive and nonlocal material behaviour,which is necessary for the physically correct description of the localization formation in quasi-brittle *** capabilities of the derived finite element to capture the fully developed localization zones are tested on a random representative volume element(RVE)for several different loading *** employing the conventional second-order computational homogenization,the microstructural material constitutive response is averaged over the whole RVE *** order to model the loss of structural integrity when sharp localization is formed across RVE,the specific conditions which detect a completely formed localization zone are developed.A new failure criterion at the microstructural level has been *** derived finite element formulation,as well as the multiscale damage algorithm,are implemented into the finite element program *** capabilities of the presented multiscale scheme to capture the effects of the deformat

关键词： Multiscale analysis second-order computational homogenization damage,C^(1) continuity finite element quasi-brittle material

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