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Temperature and structure measurements of heavy-ion-heated diamond using in situ X-ray diagnostics

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 80-89页

作者： J.Lutgert P.Hesselbach M.schorner V.bagnoud R.belikov P.Drechsel b.Heuser O.sHumphries P.Katrik b.Lindqvist C.Qu R.Redmer D.Riley G.schaumann s.schumacher A.Tauschwitz D.Varentsov K.Weyrich X.Yu b.Zielbauer Zs.Major P.Neumayer D.Kraus Institut fur Physik Universitat RostockAlbert-Einstein-Str.2318059 RostockGermany GsI Helmholtzzentrum fur schwerionenforschung Planckstr.164291 DarmstadtGermany Institut für Angewandte Physik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am MainMax-von-Laue-Str.160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Institut fur Geowissenschaften Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt am MainAltenhoferallee 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Bautzner Landstr.40001328 DresdenGermany European XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 422869 SchenefeldGermany Centre for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastUniversity RoadBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universität DarmstadtSchlossgartenstr.964289 DarmstadtGermany state Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Institute of Heavy Ion PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Helmholtz Institut Jena Frobelstieg 307743 JenaGermany

We present in situ measurements of spectrally resolved X-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction from monocrystalline diamond samples heatedwith an intense pulse of heavy *** this way,we determine the samples’heating dynamics and their microscopic and macroscopic structuralintegrity over a timespan of several *** the ratio of elastic to inelastic scattering with state-of-the-art density functionaltheory molecular dynamics simulations allows the inference of average temperatures around 1300 K,in agreement with predictions fromstopping power *** simultaneous diffraction measurements show no hints of any volumetric graphitization of the material,butdo indicate the onset of fracture in the diamond *** experiments pave the way for future studies at the Facility for Antiproton andIon Research,where a substantially increased intensity of the heavy ion beam will be available.

关键词： heated intense structure

Highly enhanced UV absorption and light emission of monolayer Ws_(2)through hybridization with Ti_(2)N MXene quantum dots and g-C_(3)N_(4)quantum dots

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第6期7卷 31-39页

作者： Anir s.sharbirin Rebekah E.Kong Wendy b.Mato Trang Thu Tran Eunji Lee Jolene W.P.Khor Afrizal L.Fadli Jeongyong Kim Department of Energy science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal dichalcogenides(TMD)are atomically thin semiconductors with promising optoelectronic applications across the visible ***,their intrinsically weak light absorption and the low photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)restrict their performance and potential use,especially in ultraviolet(UV)wavelength light *** dots(QD)derived from 2D materials(2D/QD)provide efficient light absorption and emission of which energy can be tuned for desirable light *** this study,we greatly enhanced the photon absorption and PLQY of monolayer(1L)tungsten disulfide(Ws_(2))in the UV range via hybridization with 2D/QD,particularly titanium nitride MXene QD(Ti_(2)N MQD)and graphitic carbon nitride QD(GCNQD).With the hybridization of MQD or GCNQD,1LWs_(2)showed a maximum PL enhancement by 15 times with 300 nm wavelength excitation,while no noticeable enhancement was observed when the excitation photon energy was less than the bandgap of the QD,indicating that UV absorption by the QD played a crucial role in enhancing the light emission of 1L-Ws_(2)in our 0D/2D hybrid *** findings present a convenient method for enhancing the photo-response of 1L-Ws_(2)to UV light and offer exciting possibilities for harvesting UV energy using 1L-TMD.

关键词： monolayer TMD Ws_(2) 2D-derived quantum dots UV absorption energy transfer

Electron kinetic effects in back-stimulated Raman scattering bursts driven by broadband laser pulses

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 54-67页

作者： Q.K.Liu L.Deng Q.Wang X.Zhang F.Q.Meng Y.P.Wang Y.Q.Gao H.b.Cai s.P.Zhu Graduate school China Academy of Engineering PhysicsBeijing 100088China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100094China school of Nuclear science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma Shanghai 201800China HEDPs Center for Applied Physics and TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China school of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

We examine electron kinetic effects in broadband-laser-driven back-stimulated Raman scattering(bsRs)bursts using particle-in-cell *** bursts occur during the nonlinear stage,causing reflectivity spikes and generating large numbers of hot ***-duration simulations are performed to observe burst events,and a simplified model is developed to eliminate the interference of the broadband laser’s random intensity *** the simplified model,we isolate and characterize the spectrum of electron plasma *** spectrum changes from a sideband structure to a turbulence-like structure during the burst.A significant asymmetry in the spectrum is *** asymmetry is amplified and transferred to electron phase space by high-intensity broadband laser pulses,leading to violent vortex-merging and generation of hot *** proportion of hot electrons increases from 6.76%to 14.7%during a single violent burst *** demonstrate that kinetic effects profoundly influence the bsRs evolution driven by broadband lasers.

关键词： scattering kinetic simplified

Dose-response effect of pre-exercise carbohydrates under muscle glycogen unavailability:Insights from McArdle disease

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Journal of sport and Health science 2024年第3期13卷 398-408页

作者： Pedro L.Valenzuela Alfredo santalla Lidia b.Alejo Andrea Merlo Asuncion bustos Laura Castellote-belles Roser Ferrer-Costa Nicola A.Maffiuletti David barranco-Gil Tomas Pinos Alejandro Lucia Physical Activity and Health Research Group(“PaHerg”) Research Institute of Hospital“12 de Octubre”(“imas12”)Madrid 28041Spain Department of systems biology University of AlcalaMadrid 28871Spain Department of sport and Computer science Section of Physical Education and SportsFaculty of SportUniversidad Pablo de OlavideSevilla 41013Spain EVOPRED Research Group Universidad Europea de CanariasTenerife 38300Spain Faculty of sport sciences Universidad Europea de MadridMadrid 28670Spain Gait&Motion Analysis Laboratory Sol et Salus HospitalTorre Pedrera di Rimini(RN)47922Italy Department of Clinical biochemistry Laboratoris ClınicsHospital Universitari Vall d’HebronBarcelona 08035Spain Human Performance Lab Schulthess ClinicZurich 8008Switzerland biomedical Research Networking Center on Rare Disorders(CIbERER) Barcelona 08035Spain Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit Vall d’Hebron Institut de RecercaUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain

background:This study aimed to determine the effect of different carbohydrate(CHO)doses on exercise capacity in patients with McArdle disease—the paradigm of“exercise intolerance”,characterized by complete muscle glycogen unavailability—and to determine whether higher exogenous glucose levels affect metabolic responses at the McArdle muscle cell(in vitro)***:Patients with McArdle disease(n=8)and healthy controls(n=9)underwent a 12-min submaximal cycling constant-load bout followed by a maximal ramp test 15 min after ingesting a non-caloric *** a randomized,double-blinded,cross-over design,patients repeated the tests after consuming either 75 g or 150 g of CHO(glucose:fructose=2:1).Cardiorespiratory,biochemical,perceptual,and electromyographic(EMG)variables were ***,glucose uptake and lactate appearance were studied in vitro in wild-type and McArdle mouse myotubes cultured with increasing glucose concentrations(0.35,1.00,4.50,and 10.00 g/L).Results:Compared with controls,patients showed the“classical”second-wind phenomenon(after prior disproportionate tachycardia,myalgia,and excess electromyographic activity during submaximal exercise,all pse capacity(-51%ventilatory threshold and55%peak power output,both pss of the CHO dose(pboth doses compared with the placebo),CHO intake increased blood glucose and lactate levels,decreased fat oxidation rates,and attenuated the second wind in the ***,only the higher dose increased ventilatory threshold(+27%,p=0.010)and peak power output(+18%,p=0.007).In vitro analyses revealed no differences in lactate levels across glucose concentrations in wild-type myotubes,whereas a doseresponse effect was observed in McArdle ***:CHO intake exerts beneficial effects on exercise capacity in McArdle disease,a condition associated with total muscle glycogen *** of these benefits are dose dependent.

关键词： Endurance Glycogen storage disease Glycogenosis Nutrition supplement

There is more to the knee joint than just the quadriceps:A systematic review with meta-analysis and evidence gap map of hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology in individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders

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Journal of sport and Health science 2024年第4期13卷 521-536页

作者： Helder s.Lopes Marina C.Waiteman Liliam b.Priore Neal R.Glaviano David M.bazett-Jones Ronaldo V.briani Fabio M.Azevedo school of science and Technology Physical Therapy DepartmentSao Paulo State University(UNESP)Presidente Prudente 19060-900Brazil Department of Kinesiology College of AgricultureHealth and Natural ResourcesUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA school of Exercise and Rehabilitation sciences College of Health and Human ServicesUniversity of ToledoToledoOH 43606USA

background:Impairments in hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology have been associated with altered knee biomechanics,pain,and *** the presence of these impairments in individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders is important and may indicate targets for assessment and *** systematic review aimed to synthesize the literature to determine the presence of impairments in hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology in individuals with gradual-onset knee ***:Five databases(MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,sPORTDiscus,and Web of science)were searched from inception to september *** studies comparing hamstring outcomes(e.g.,strength,flexibility,and/or morphology)between individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders and their unaffected limbs or pain-free controls were ***-analyses for each knee disorder were ***-level certainty was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation,and evidence gap maps were ***:seventy-nine studies across 4 different gradual-onset knee disorders(i.e.,knee osteoarthritis(OA),patellofemoral pain(PFP),chondromalacia patellae,and patellar tendinopathy)were *** with knee OA presented with reduced hamstring strength compared to pain-free controls during isometric(standard mean difference(sMD)=-0.76,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-1.32 to-0.21)and concentric contractions(sMD=-0.97,95%CI:-1.49 to-0.45).Individuals with PFP presented with reduced hamstring strength compared to painfree controls during isometric(sMD=-0.48,95%CI:-0.82 to-0.14),concentric(sMD=-1.07,95%CI:-2.08 to-0.06),and eccentric contractions(sMD=-0.59,95%CI:-0.97 to-0.21).No differences were observed in individuals with patellar *** with PFP presented with reduced hamstring flexibility when compared to pain-free controls(sMD=-0.76,95%CI:-1.15 to-0.36).Evidence gap maps identified insufficient evidence for chondromalacia patel

关键词： Chondromalacia patellae Knee flexors Knee osteoarthritis Patellar tendinopathy Patellofemoral pain

Function and dysfunction of GEMIN5:understanding a novel neurodevelopmental disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2377-2386页

作者： Charles H.Nelson Udai b.Pandey Department of Pediatrics Division of Child NeurologyChildren’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA Children’s Neuroscience Institute Children’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA

The recent identification of a neurodevelopmental disorder with cerebellar atrophy and motor dysfunction(NEDCAM)has resulted in an increased interest in GEMIN5,a multifunction RNA-binding *** the largest member of the survival motor neuron complex,GEMIN5 plays a key role in the biogenesis of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins while also exhibiting translational regulatory functions as an independent *** many questions remain regarding both the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of this new disorder,considerable progress has been made in the brief time since its *** this review,we examine GEMIN5 within the context of NEDCAM,focusing on the structure,function,and expression of the protein specifically in regard to the disorder ***,we explore the current animal models of NEDCAM,as well as potential molecular pathways for treatment and future directions of *** review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in our understanding of this unique member of the survival motor neuron complex.

关键词： cerebellar atrophy GEMIN5 neurodevelopmental disorder neurological disease sMN complex

Optimal Control of service Rates of Discrete-Time(s,Q)Queueing-Inventory systems with Finite buffer

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Journal of systems science and systems Engineering 2024年第3期33卷 261-280页

作者： L.Iniya b.sivakumar G.Arivarignan school of Mathematics Madurai Kamaraj UniversityMaduraiTamilnaduIndia Department of statistics Manonmaniam Sundaranar UniversityTirunelveliTamilnaduIndia

This article,we develop an optimal policy to control the service rate of a discrete time queueing-inventory system with finite *** customers arrive according to a bernoulli process and the service time for the customers are *** the buffer size attains its maximum,any arriving new customers are considered to be *** customers are served one by one according to FCFs rule and each customers request random number of *** inventory is replenished according to a(s,Q)inventory policy with geometric lead *** main objectives of this article are to determine the service rates to be employed at each slot so that the long run expected cost rate is minimized for fixed inventory level and fixed buffer size and to minimize the expected waiting time for a fixed inventory level and fixed buffer *** problems are modelled as Markov decision *** establish the existence of a stationary policy and employ linear programming method to find the optimal service *** provide some numerical examples to illustrate the behaviour of the model.

关键词： Queueing-inventory system discrete time batch demand-Markov decision process

short-term solar eruptive activity prediction models based on machine learning approaches: A review

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science China Earth sciences 2024年

作者： Xin HUANG Zhongrui ZHAO Yufeng ZHONG Long XU Marianna b.KORsós R.ERDéLYI Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer science Ningbo University state Key Laboratory of space Weather National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences school of Astronomy and space science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences beijing Cellular Exploration science and Technology Center Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Ettore Majorana” Università di Catania Department of Astronomy E?tv?s Loránd University Hungarian solar Physics Foundation solar Physics & space Plasma Research Center (sP2RC) School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sheffield

solar eruptive activities, mainly including solar flares, coronal mass ejections (CME), and solar proton events (sPE),have an important impact on space weather and our technosphere. The short-term solar eruptive activity prediction is an active field of research in the space weather prediction. Numerical, statistical, and machine learning methods are proposed to build prediction models of the solar eruptive activities. With the development of space-based and ground-based facilities, a large amount of observational data of the sun is accumulated, and data-driven prediction models of solar eruptive activities have made a significant progress. In this review, we briefly introduce the machine learning algorithms applied in solar eruptive activity prediction, summarize the prediction modeling process, overview the progress made in the field of solar eruptive activity prediction model, and look forward to the possible directions in the future.

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Correcting distortions of thin-walled machined parts by machine hammer peening

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 439-453页

作者： Aitor MADARIAGA Mikel CUEsTA Gorka ORTIZ-DE-ZARATE Eneko sAENZ-DE-ARGANDONA Denis sORIANO Michael b.PRIME Pedro Jose ARRAZOLA Department of Materials University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Mechanical and Industrial Production Department Faculty of EngineeringMondragon UnibertsitateaArrasate 20500Spain Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNew MexicoUSA

Thin-walled aerostructural components frequently get distorted after the machining *** to correct distortions or eventually rejecting parts significantly increases the *** paper proposes a new approach to correct distortions in thin-walled components by strategically applying hammer peening on target surfaces of a machined *** alloy 7475-T7351 was chosen for this *** study was divided in two ***,the residual stresses(Rs)induced by four different pneumatic hammer peening conditions(modifying the stepover distance and initial offset)were characterised in a test coupon,and one of the conditions was selected for the next *** the second stage,a FEM model was used to predict distortions caused by machining in a representative ***,the Rs induced by hammer peening were included in an FEM model to define two hammer peening strategies(varying the coverage area)to analyse the capability to reduce *** workpieces were machined and then treated with the simulated hammer peening strategies for experimental *** in the test coupon showed that pneumatic hammer peening can generate high compressive Rs(-50 to350 MPa)up to 800 lm depth,with their magnitude increasing with a reduced stepover *** of hammer peening over 4% of the surface of the representative workpiece reduced the machininginduced distortions by 37%,and a coverage area of 100% led to and overcorrection by a factor of *** confirms that hammer peening can be strategically applied(in target areas and changing the percentage of coverage)to correct low or severe distortions.

关键词： Aeronautics Machining,Hammer Peening Aluminium alloy Distortions Residual stress