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Ectopic papilla of Vater in the pylorus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第41期15卷 5221-5223页

作者： Iván Guerra Luis Ramón Rábago Fernando bermejo Elvira Quintanilla Silvia García-Garzón Gastroenterology Service University Hospital Severo Ochoa Leganés 28911 Madrid Spain

The major papilla of Vater is usually located in the second portion of the duodenum, to the posterior medial wall. Sometimes the mouth of the biliary duct is located in other areas. Drainage of the common bile duct into the pylorus is extremely rare. A 73-year old man, with a history of duodenal ulcer, was admitted to hospital with the diagnosis of cholangitis. Dilatation of the extrahepatic biliary duct was observed by abdominal ultrasonography, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed. No area suggesting the presence of the papilla of Vater was found within the second duodenal portion. Finally the major papilla was located in the theoretical pyloric duct. Cholangiography was performed and choledocholithiasis was found in the biliary tree. The patient underwent dilatation of the papilla with a balloon tyre and removal of a 7 mm stone using a Dormia basket, which solved the problem without further complications. This anomaly increased the difficulty of performing therapeutic interventions during ERCP. This alteration in anatomy may increase the risk of complications during papillotomy, with a theoretically higher risk of perforation. Dilatation using a balloon was the chosen therapeutic technique both in our case and in the literature, due to its low rate of complications.

关键词：乳头幽门十二指肠正常现象并发症胆管气球治疗

Development of automatic counting system for urediospores of wheat stripe rust based on image processing

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2017年第5期10卷 134-143页

作者： Li Xiaolong Ma Zhanhong fernando Bienvenido Qin Feng Wang Haiguang José Antonio Alvarez-bermejo Department of Plant Pathology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Informatics CeiA3University of AlmeriaAlmeriaCP 04120Spain

To realize automatic counting of urediospores of Puccinia striiformis f.***.tritici(Pst)(causal agent of wheat stripe rust),an automatic counting system for urediospores of wheat stripe rust pathogen based on image processing was developed using MATLAB GUIDE platform in combination with Local C Compiler(LCC).The system is independent of the MATLAB environment and can be run on a computer without the MATLAB software.Using this system,automatic counting of Pst urediospores in a microscopic image can be implemented via image processing technologies including image scaling,clustering segmentation,morphological modification,watershed transformation,connected region labeling,etc.Structure design of the automatic counting system,the key algorithms used in the system and realization of the main functions of the system were described in detail.Spore counting tests were conducted using microscopic digital images of Pst urediospores and the high accuracies more than 95%were obtained.The results indicated that it is feasible to count Pst urediospores automatically using the developed system based on image processing.

关键词： puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici wheat stripe rust image processing automatic counting computer aided system MATLAB

Risk of cancer,with special reference to extra-intestinal malignancies,in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第48期19卷 9359-9365页

作者： Alicia Algaba Iván Guerra ngel Castao Gema de la Poza Víctor M Castellano Montserrat López Fernando bermejo Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada 28942 Madrid Spain Department of Pathology Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada28942 Madrid Spain

AIM:To determine the incidence and characteristics of intestinal and extra-intestinal cancers among patients with inflammatory bowel disease in a Spanish hospital and to compare them with those of the local population.METHODS:This was a prospective,observational,7-year follow-up,cohort study.Cumulative incidence,incidence rates based on person-years of follow-up and relative risk were calculated for patients with inflammatory bowel disease and compared with the background population.The incidence of cancer was determined using a hospital-based data registry from Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada.Demographic data and details about time from diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease to occurrence of cancer,disease extent,inflammatory bowel disease treatment,cancer therapy and cancer evolution were also collected in the inflammatory bowel disease cohort.RESULTS:Eighteen of 590 patients with inflammatory bowel disease developed cancer[cumulative incidence=3%(95%CI:1.58-4.52)vs 2%(95%CI:1.99-2.11)in the background population;RR=1.5;95%CI:0.97-2.29].The cancer incidence among inflammatory bowel disease patients was 0.53%(95%CI:0.32-0.84)per patient-year of follow-up.Patients with inflammatory bowel disease had a significantly increased relative risk of urothelial carcinoma(RR=5.23,95%CI:1.95-13.87),appendiceal mucinous cystadenoma(RR=36.6,95%CI:7.92-138.4),neuroendocrine carcinoma(RR=13.1,95%CI:1.82-29.7)and rectal carcinoid(RR=8.94,95%CI:1.18-59.7).Colorectal cancer cases were not found.CONCLUSION:The overall risk of cancer did not significantly increase in our inflammatory bowel disease patients.However,there was an increased risk of urinary bladder cancer and,with less statistical power,an increased risk of appendiceal mucinous cystadenoma and of neuroendocrine tumors.Colorectal cancer risk was low in our series.

关键词： Extra-intestinal cancer Inflammatory bowel disease Cancer risk Background population Urothelial carcinoma Appendiceal mucinous cystadenoma Neuroendocrine carcinoma Rectal carcinoid

The variability of juvenile dispersal in an opportunistic raptor

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Current Zoology 2023年第3期69卷 244-254页

作者： Jorge Garcia-Macia Gabriel Lopez-Poveda Javier De La Puente Ana bermejo-bermejo Manuel Galan Ernesto Alvarez Sara Morollon Vicente Urios Vertebrates Zoology Research Group University of AlicanteApdo.99E-03080 AlicanteSpain SEO/BirdLife Bird Monitoring UnitC/Melquiades Biencinto34E-28053MadridSpain GREFA C/MontedelPilarS/NE-28220 MajadahondaMadridSpain

The juvenile dispersal of raptors is a crucial stage that stretches from parental independence to the establishment of the first breeding area.Between 2012 and 2020,44 juvenile red kites Milvus milvus from the Spanish breeding population were tagged using GPS telemetry to study their dispersal.Juveniles left the parental breeding area at the end of their first summer and performed wandering movements throughout the Iberian Peninsula,returning to the parental breeding area the following year,repeating the same pattern until they settled in their first breeding area.We analyzed the mean distance from the nest,the maximum reached distances,and the traveled distances(daily and hourly)during the first 2 years of dispersal and compared them.Despite the high individual variability,variables describing the dispersal movements of juveniles showed a decreasing trend during the second dispersal year:80% of individuals reached a shorter maximum distance in the second year,70% decreased their mean distance to the nest,65% decreased their hourly traveled distances,and 50% decreased their daily traveled distances.On the other hand,the red kites usually combined wandering movements with the establishment of temporary settlement areas(TSA).The average duration of settlement in the TSAs was 75±40 days(up to 182 days)and was located at 182±168 km from the nest.In those areas,juveniles used 781.0±1895.0 km^(2)(KDE 95%).Some of the TSAs were used by several individuals,which suggests that these areas might be good targets for conservation in future management plans.

关键词： GPS telemetry landfills movement ecology natal dispersal red kite spatial ecology

Systematic Approach for Web Protection Runtime Tools’Effectiveness Analysis

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第12期133卷 579-599页

作者： Tomás Sureda Riera Juan Ramón bermejo Higuera Javier bermejo Higuera Juan Antonio Sicilia Montalvo José Javier Martínez Herráiz Computer Science Department University of AlcaláMadrid28801Spain Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología Universidad Internacional de La RiojaLogrono26006Spain

Web applications represent one of the principal vehicles by which attackers gain access to an organization’s network or resources.Thus,different approaches to protect web applications have been proposed to date.Of them,the two major approaches are Web Application Firewalls(WAF)and Runtime Application Self Protection(RASP).It is,thus,essential to understand the differences and relative effectiveness of both these approaches for effective decisionmaking regarding the security of web applications.Here we present a comparative study between WAF and RASP simulated settings,with the aim to compare their effectiveness and efficiency against different categories of attacks.For this,we used computation of different metrics and sorted their results using F-Score index.We found that RASP tools scored better than WAF tools.In this study,we also developed a new experimental methodology for the objective evaluation ofweb protection tools since,to the best of our knowledge,nomethod specifically evaluates web protection tools.

关键词： Web Application Firewall(WAF) Runtime Application Self Protection(RASP) F-Score web attacks experimental methodology

Dinophysoid dinoflagellates from subphotic depths:Amphisolenia sp.aff.brevicauda,Dinofurcula tricornuta sp.nov.,and Dinophysis profunda sp.nov.(Dinophysales,Dinophyceae)

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第2期40卷 703-711页

作者： fernando GÓMEZ Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies University of SalentoLecce 73100Italy

Three species of dinophysoid planktonic dinoflagellates are described from the eastern Mediterranean Sea.Amphisolenia sp.***.brevicauda was collected at 70-m depth in the Ionian Sea.This small species showed a more asymmetric midbody and a proportionally longer neck when compared to the closer relative A.brevicauda.Three individuals of Dinofurcula tricornuta sp.***.collected at 154-m depth in the Marmara Sea are characterized by three posterior-oriented processes when compared to its congeneric species.This is the first record of the genus Dinofurcula beyond the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean.Dinophysis profunda sp.***.collected at 500-m depth in the Ionian Sea is characterized by ovate hypotheca and a serrate crest-like left sulcal list when compared to its close relative D.alata.These findings evidence an undescribed biodiversity in the under-sampled subphotic depths.

关键词： deep ocean Dinophyta Dinoflagellata Mediterranean Sea mesopelagic new species

Hybrid Security Assessment Methodology for Web Applications

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第1期126卷 89-124页

作者： Roddy A.Correa Juan Ramon bermejo Higuera Javier bermejo Higuera Juan Antonio SiciliaMontalvo Manuel Sanchez Rubio A.Alberto Magrenan Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja San Cayetano AltoLojaEcuador Escuela Superior de Ingenieria y Tecnologia Universidad Internacional de La RiojaLogrono26006Spain Universidad de la Rioja Logrono26006Spain

This study presents a methodology to evaluate and prevent security vulnerabilities issues for web applications.The analysis process is based on the use of techniques and tools that allow to perform security assessments of white box and black box,to carry out the security validation of a web application in an agile and precise way.The objective of the methodology is to take advantage of the synergies of semi-automatic static and dynamic security analysis tools and manual checks.Each one of the phases contemplated in the methodology is supported by security analysis tools of different degrees of coverage,so that the results generated in one phase are used as feed for the following phases in order to get an optimized global security analysis result.The methodology can be used as part of other more general methodologies that do not cover how to use static and dynamic analysis tools in the implementation and testing phases of a Secure Software Development Life Cycle(SSDLC).A practical application of the methodology to analyze the security of a real web application demonstrates its effectiveness by obtaining a better optimized vulnerability detection result against the true and false positive metrics.Dynamic analysis with manual checking is used to audit the results,24.6 per cent of security vulnerabilities reported by the static analysis has been checked and it allows to study which vulnerabilities can be directly exploited externally.This phase is very important because it permits that each reported vulnerability can be checked by a dynamic second tool to confirm whether a vulnerability is true or false positive and it allows to study which vulnerabilities can be directly exploited externally.Dynamic analysis finds six(6)additional critical vulnerabilities.Access control analysis finds other five(5)important vulnerabilities such as Insufficient Protected Passwords or Weak Password Policy and Excessive Authentication Attacks,two vulnerabilities that permit brute force attacks.

关键词： Web applications security vulnerability weakness security analysis white box black box interactive application security testing static application security testing dynamic application security testing

Benchmarking Approach to Compare Web Applications Static Analysis Tools Detecting OWASP Top Ten Security Vulnerabilities

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第9期64卷 1555-1577页

作者： Juan R.bermejo Higuera Javier bermejo Higuera Juan A.Sicilia Montalvo Javier Cubo Villalba Juan JoséNombela Pérez Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología Universidad Internacional de La RiojaLa Rioja26006Spain

To detect security vulnerabilities in a web application,the security analyst must choose the best performance Security Analysis Static Tool(SAST)in terms of discovering the greatest number of security vulnerabilities as possible.To compare static analysis tools for web applications,an adapted benchmark to the vulnerability categories included in the known standard Open Web Application Security Project(OWASP)Top Ten project is required.The information of the security effectiveness of a commercial static analysis tool is not usually a publicly accessible research and the state of the art on static security tool analyzers shows that the different design and implementation of those tools has different effectiveness rates in terms of security performance.Given the significant cost of commercial tools,this paper studies the performance of seven static tools using a new methodology proposal and a new benchmark designed for vulnerability categories included in the known standard OWASP Top Ten project.Thus,the practitioners will have more precise information to select the best tool using a benchmark adapted to the last versions of OWASP Top Ten project.The results of this work have been obtaining using widely acceptable metrics to classify them according to three different degree of web application criticality.

关键词： Web application benchmark security vulnerability Security Analysis Static Tools assessment methodology false positive false negative precision f-measure

Combinatorial Method with Static Analysis for Source Code Security in Web Applications

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第11期129卷 541-565页

作者： Juan Ramon bermejo Higuera Javier bermejo Higuera Juan Antonio Sicilia Montalvo Tomas Sureda Riera Christopher I.Argyros A.Alberto Magrenan Escuela Superior de Ingenierıa y Tecnologıa Universidad Internacional de La RiojaLogronoLa Rioja26006Spain Computer Science Department University of AlcalaMadrid28801Spain Department of Computing and Technology Cameron UniversityLawton73505OklahomaUSA Universidad de la Rioja LogronoLa Rioja26006Spain

Security weaknesses in web applications deployed in cloud architectures can seriously affect its data confidentiality and integrity.The construction of the procedure utilized in the static analysis tools of source code security differs and therefore each tool finds a different number of each weakness type for which it is designed.To utilize the possible synergies different static analysis tools may process,this work uses a new method to combine several source codes aiming to investigate how to increase the performance of security weakness detection while reducing the number of false positives.Specifically,five static analysis tools will be combined with the designed method to study their behavior using an updated benchmark for OWASP Top Ten Security Weaknesses(OWASP TTSW).The method selects specific metrics to rank the tools for different criticality levels of web applications considering different weights in the ratios.The findings show that simply including more tools in a combination is not synonymous with better results;it depends on the specific tools included in the combination due to their different designs and techniques.

关键词： Weakness benchmark security testing analysis comparative methodology tools combination web application