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Biomaterial engineering strategies for modeling the Bruch's membrane in age-related macular degeneration

neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2626-2636页

作者： Blanca Molins Andrea rodríguez Víctor Llorenç Alfredo Adán Group of ocular Inflammation:Clinical and Experimental Studies Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques AgustíPi I Sunyer(IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain Institut Clínic d’oftalmologia(ICoF) Hospital Clínic BarcelonaSpain

Age-related macular degeneration,a multifactorial inflammatory degenerative retinal disease,ranks as the leading cause of blindness in the ***,there is a scarcity of curative therapies,especially for the atrophic advanced form of age-related macular degeneration,likely due to the lack of models able to fully recapitulate the native structure of the outer blood retinal barrier,the prime to rget tissue of age-related macular *** in vitro systems rely on 2D monocultures unable to adequately reproduce the structure and function of the outer blood retinal barrier,integrated by the dynamic interaction of the retinal pigment epithelium,the Bruch's membrane,and the underlying *** Bruch's membrane provides structu ral and mechanical support and regulates the molecular trafficking in the outer blood retinal barrier,and therefo re adequate Bruch's membrane-mimics are key for the development of physiologically relevant models of the outer blood retinal barrie *** the last years,advances in the field of biomaterial engineering have provided novel approaches to mimic the Bruch's membrane from a variety of *** review provides a discussion of the integrated properties and function of outer blood retinal barrier components in healt hy and age-related macular degeneration status to understand the requirements to adequately fabricate Bruch's membrane biomimetic ***,we discuss novel materials and techniques to fabricate Bruch's membrane-like scaffolds for age-related macular degeneration in vitro modeling,discussing their advantages and challenges with a special focus on the potential of Bruch's membrane-like mimics based on decellularized tissue.

关键词： age-related macular degeneration Bruch's membrane decellularization retinal pigment epithelium scaffold

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Volcanic Risk Perception and Coping Strategies from Mounts Cameroon and nyiragongo Eruptions, Central Africa: A Comparative Analysis

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第6期12卷 161-189页

作者： Mabel n. Wantim Innocent Bradriyo Asong F. Zisuh Louis M. Balgawa Mero Yannah Katcho Karume nde-fon Peter Bih Amban nchini L. Wayih Emmanuel V. Yenshu Samuel n. Ayonghe Unit of Disaster Risk Management Department of Environmental Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon observatoire Volcanologique de Goma (oVG) Goma Democratic Republic of the Congo Institute of Geological and Mining Research (IRGM) Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Social and Management Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Approximately 2,000,000 people are exposed to volcanic risks in communities situated at the flanks of Mounts Cameroon (MC) and nyiragongo (Mn) volcanoes in Central Africa. This study therefore sought to investigate risk perception from four previous eruptions of MC, namely the 1959, 1982, 1999, and 2000 eruptions;and two previous eruptions of Mn: 1977 and 2002. The study was initiated with co-design workshops held with major stakeholders in the cities of Buea and Goma at the flanks of MC and Mn, respectively, in 2017, to develop the research objectives for the study. A non-random questionnaire survey was later conducted within 14 and 15 communities in Buea and Goma respectively, on the effects, perceived risks, and coping strategies for the chosen eruptions. Three age groups (18 - 30, 31 - 45 and >45 years) and gender (male and female) were considered. The population at the flanks of both volcanoes cited scientific and indigenous factors to be responsible for eruptions from these volcanoes. At MC and Mn, ≥45% of the sampled participants (with a higher female population) perceived that the sampled eruptions posed a very high risk to the population. In terms of the effects, the age group of 18 - 30 was the least knowledgeable. In terms of direct effect on persons, over 90% of participants at MC and Mn attested that they were overcome by fear/panic. on measures to cope with any likely eruption, the following order was established at the flanks of both volcanoes: sensitization of population, use of religious (prayers) and of traditional/indigenous strategies. In terms of future coping strategies, while the males at MC maintained sensitization as the favourite option, 62% of the males at Mn opted for traditional/indigenous strategies. The female population at both MC and Mn showed a higher preference for religious strategies like prayers.

关键词： Risk Perception Mount Cameroon Mount nyiragongo Indigenous Buea Goma

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Structure of non-stoichiometric Sr_6Gd_(0.61)Sc_(1.39)(Bo_3)_6 Crystal

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2004年第5期23卷 537-539页

作者： HUZu-Shu LInZhou-Bin CHEnJiu-Tong WAnGGuo-fon StateKeyLaboratoryofStructuralChemistry FujianInstituteofResearchontheStructureofMatterTheChineseAcademyofSciencesFuzhouFujian350002China GraduateSchooloftheChineseAcademyofSciences Beijing100039China

The crystal of the title compound Sr6Gd0.61Sc1.39(Bo3)6 (Mr = 1037.00) was grown by Czochralski method. It crystallizes in trigonal, space group 3Rwith a = 12.415(2), c = 9.274(2) ? Z = 3, V = 1238.0(4) 3, Dc = 4.173 g/cm3, l(MoKa) = 0.71073 ? m = 22.278 mm-1, F(000) = 1411, S = 1.213, the final R = 0.0577 and wR = 0.1414 for 401 observed reflections with I>2s(I). In the structure Gd(1)o6 (Gd(1) = Gd0.46 + Sc0.54) and Gd(2)o6 (Gd(2)= Gd0.15 + Sc0.85) are alternately stacked between the planar triangular Bo3 groups to form chains extending along the trigonal axis. These chains are connected through the 9-coordinate Sr atoms.

关键词： crystal structure Sr6Gd0.61Sc1.39(Bo3)6 crystal non-stoichiometric

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Effect of droplet size on the jet breakup characteristics of n-butanol during impact on a heated surface

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第3期7卷 320-330页

作者： Han Wu Longmin Tang Chunze Cen Chia-fon Lee School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China department of Mechanical Aerospace and Ciuil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana1L 61801USA

Jet breakup during droplet impacted on heated surface has received wide concerns due to its *** Weber number(We)is a common used dimensionless parameter to classify and analyze the phenomenon,but it is unable to summarize all detailed phenomenon variations and related ***,the effect of droplet size on jet breakup was investigated by considering its significant difference in various *** behavior of n-butanol droplets with diameter range from 1.71 mm to 2.84 mm impacts a heated surface with jet breakup was recorded by backlit *** parameters,the jet breakup time,the jet breakup length and the jet ligament diameter,were analyzed to illustrate the *** results showed that these parameters are affected by the droplet size largely at 10oplet diameter reduces with Weber number for all initial size droplets while the larger initial droplet corresponds to larger *** breakup time,breakup length and jet ligament diameter increase with the initial *** time of jet breakup versus agrees well with the theory of Rayleigh instability regardless of droplet *** addition,the jet breakup phenomenon was observed to evolve into pancake bouncing with an ultrafine high-speed jet when the We was above 50.

关键词： Energy engineering Droplet impact Heated surface Droplet size Jet breakup n-butanol

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Cytogenetical Changes among Polyembryonic(PEm)and non-PEm Maize Plants

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第1期90卷 87-97页

作者： A.A.Román-Calzoncit F.Ramírez-Godina J.Sánchez-Laureano A.C.Flores-Gallegos J.Espinoza-Velázquez R.rodríguez-Herrera School of Chemistry Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila.Blvd.V.Carranza e Ing.JoséCárdenas V.s/n.Col.República Ote.C.P.25280.SaltilloCoahuilaMéxico Plant Breeding department Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio NarroBlvd.Antonio Narro 1923BuenavistaSaltilloMéxico

Polyembryony in maize(PEm)contributes to improving the nutritional properties of the grain,as well as an increase in yield,since it generates multiple plants per seed,opening the possibility of developing new ***,it is unknown whether polyembryony in maize is the product of chromosomal *** on the above,in this research a cytogenetic study was proposed to verify if chromosomal abnormalities are related to the maize *** a meiotic study,maize genotypes with variable proportions of polyembryony(PEm),from the UA-IMM-BAP population and non-PEm(monoembryonic)maize were used,while for a mitosis analysis,30 families of maternal half-siblings(MHS)from two different populations with high polyembryony,denominated as BHP(brachytic,high polyembryony)and nHP(normal height,high polyembryony)were *** these genotypes were planted in the Buenavista Agricultural Experimental Station-UAAAn at Saltillo,Coahuila,*** frequency of PEm was estimated in all *** was found that the polyembryony occurs at frequencies from 34 to 66%in the D-02,BHP group,and from 13 to 21%in the segregating groups of the G3-0202 and *** squash technique was used for both cytogenetic *** meiotic irregularities in maize chromosomes were detected,such as irregular association of 10%of chromosomes in metaphase 1,and agglomeration of chromatin in 100%of the *** addition,pollen viability was estimated by the staining technique with 1%acetocarmine dye,and it was found that the polyembryonic ones have pollen viability of 100%.In meiosis in prophase,I sub-phase diakinesis,ten pairs of bivalents were confirmed,confirming 2n=20,both in non-PEm and PEm maize,corroborating mating,and balanced segregation,without the presence of univalent or *** the chromosomal count carried out in cells in mitosis,only in the BHP-200 polyembryonic family was registered two out of twenty triploid *** condition of ploidy is atypical in

关键词： Zea mays irregular meiosis mitosis chromosomes chromatin polyploidy

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Erythema nodosum

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第6期14卷 548-554页

作者： Alexander K.C.Leung Kin fon Leong Joseph M.Lam department of Pediatrics The Alberta Children's HospitalThe University of Calgary#200233-16th Avenue NWCalgaryAB T2M 0H5Canada Pediatric Institute Kuala Lumpur General HospitalKuala LumpurMalaysia department of Pediatrics and department of dermatology and Skin Sciences University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada

Background Erythema nodosum can be associated with a number of systemic diseases. There is, however, a paucity of information in the pediatric literature on this condition. The purpose of this article is to familiarize pediatricians with the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of erythema nodosum. Data sources A PubMed search was completed in Clinical Queries using the key terms 'erythema nodosum'. Results Clinically, erythema nodosum presents with a sudden onset of painful, erythematous, subcutaneous nodules mainly localized to the pretibial areas. Lesions are usually bilateral and symmetrical, ranging from 1 to 5 cm in diameter. Erythema nodosum may be associated with a variety of conditions such as infection, medications, sarcoidosis, pregnancy, inflamma-tory bowel disease, vaccination, autoimmune disease, malignancy, and miscellaneous causes. The condition is idiopathic in approximately 50% of cases. The diagnosis is mainly clinical with biopsy reserved for atypical cases. To evaluate for the underlying cause, some basic laboratory screening studies are worthwhile in most cases and include a complete blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and/or C-reactive protein, throat swab culture, antistreptococcal o titers, and a chest radiograph. other tests should be individualized, guided by the history and physical examination results. Most cases of ery-thema nodosum are self-limited and require no treatment. Bed rest and leg elevation are generally recommended to reduce the discomfort. nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the first-line treatment for pain management. Conclusions As erythema nodosum is often a cutaneous manifestation of a systemic disease, a thorough search should be performed to reveal the underlying cause.

关键词： Drug-induced Group A β-hemolytic streptococcal infection Sarcoidosis Subcutaneous pretibial nodules Tuberculosis Yersinia infection

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Molecular markers for artemisinin and partner drug resistance in natural Plasmodium falciparum populations following increased insecticide treated net coverage along the slope of mount Cameroon:cross-sectional study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1205-1214页

作者： Tobias o.Apinjoh Regina n.Mugri olivo Miotto Hanesh F.Chi Rolland B.Tata Judith K.Anchang-Kimbi Eleanor M.fon delphine A.Tangoh Robert V.nyingchu Christopher Jacob Roberto Amato Abdoulaye Djimde Dominic Kwiatkowski Eric A.Achidi Alfred Amambua-ngwa department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of BueaBueaCameroon department of Microbiology and Parasitology University of BueaBueaCameroon Mahidol-oxford Research Unit Faculty of Tropical MedicineMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand department of Zoology and Animal Physiology University of BueaBueaCameroon department of Medical Laboratory Science University of BueaBueaCameroon Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute HinxtonCambridge CB101SAUK Malaria Research and Training Centre BamakoMali MRC Unit FajaraThe Gambia

Background:Drug resistance is one of the greatest challenges of malaria control programmes,with the monitoring of parasite resistance to artemisinins or to Artemisinin Combination Therapy(ACT)partner drugs critical to elimination *** of resistance to a wide panel of antimalarials were assessed in natural parasite populations from southwestern ***:Individuals with asymptomatic parasitaemia or uncomplicated malaria were enrolled through crosssectional surveys from May 2013 to March 2014 along the slope of mount *** falciparum malaria parasitaemic blood,screened by light microscopy,was depleted of leucocytes using CF11 cellulose columns and the parasite genotype ascertained by sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq ***:A total of 259 participants were enrolled in this study from three different *** some alleles associated with drug resistance in pfdhfr,pfmdr1 and pfcrt were highly prevalent,less than 3%of all samples carried mutations in the pfkelch13 gene,none of which were amongst those associated with slow artemisinin parasite clearance rates in Southeast *** most prevalent haplotypes were triple mutants PfdhfrI51R59n108I164(99%),pfcrt-C72V73I74E75T76(47.3%),and single mutants PfdhpsS_(436)G_(437)K_(540)A_(581)A_(613)(69%)and Pfmdr1 n_(86)F)(184)D_(1246)(53.2%).Conclusions:The predominance of the Pf pfcrt CVIET and Pf dhfr IRn triple mutant parasites and absence of pfkelch13 resistance alleles suggest that the amodiaquine and pyrimethamine components of AS-AQ and SP may no longer be effective in their role while chloroquine resistance still persists in southwestern Cameroon.

关键词： Molecular markers Drug resistance Plasmodium falciparum

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Application of Electrical Resistivity and Chargeability Data on a GIS Platform in delineating Auriferous Structures in a deeply Weathered Lateritic Terrain, Eastern Cameroon

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International Journal of Geosciences 2012年第5期3卷 960-971页

作者： Albert nih fon Vivian Bih Che Cheo Emmanuel Suh Economic Geology Unit Department of Geology Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon Remote Sensing Unit Department of Geology Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Exploration for primary gold in tropical settings is often problematic because of deep weathering and the development of a thick soil cover. In this paper we present the results of both chargeability and resistivity surveys carried out over the Belikombone hill gold prospect (14?00' - 14?25'E, 5?25' - 6?00'n) in the Betare oya area (eastern Cameroon), where previous soil sampling had identified gold anomalies. The geophysical data were obtained using Syscal Junior 48 resistivity meter and the Schlumberger configuration array for both the vertical electrical soundings (VES) and horizontal profiling. These data were further built into a GIS framework and the continuity of favourable gold-bearing structures at depth modeled using WInSEV, RED2InV and SURFER extensions softwares. IP (Induced Polarization)-chargeability and resistivity data combined, have identified irregular anomalous zones trending nE-SW. This trend is consistent with the attitude of most auriferous quartz veins exposed in artisanal pits and parallel to the regional shear zone system and foliations. The high resistivity anomalies correspond to quartz veins while the relatively high IP anomalies correspond to low sulphide ± gold concentrations in the quartz veins. Modeling IP-chargeability and resistivity data prepared as contours and 3D maps, culminated to the development of an inferred, irregular and discontinuous mineralized body at depths of up to 95 m. The size and shape of this mineralized body can only later be tested by drilling to ascertain the resource.

关键词： Gold Exploration Tropical Settings deep Weathering IP-Chargeability and Resistivity Betare oya 3D Maps Cameroon

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Experimental investigation on combustion and unregulated emission characteristics of butanol-isomer/gasoline blends

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Journal of Central South University 2019年第8期26卷 2244-2258页

作者： LI Yuan-xu nInG Zhi YAn Jun-hao School of Mechanical Electronic and Control Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044 China Beijing Key Laboratory of new Energy Vehicle Powertrain Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignIL 61801 USA

Effects of butanol isomers on characteristics of combustion and emission were studied on PFI SI engine. Experiments were operated under the condition of 3 and 5 bar brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) engine loads and different equivalence ratios (φ=0.83-1.25) with engine speed of 1200 r/min using blends made of 70 vol.% gasoline and 30 vol.% butanol isomers (n30, S30, I30 and T30). The results indicated that compared with gasoline, all butanol isomer blends have higher cylinder pressure. n30 has the highest and most advanced peak pressure, and T30 shows a higher brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and lower brake thermal efficiency (BTE). n30 presents a lower UHC emissions and I30 has slightly higher Co emissions than other blends. For unregulated emissions, compared with gasoline, butanol isomer blends have higher acetaldehyde, and n30 produces a higher emission of 1,3-butadiene than other blends. A reduction in benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) has been found with butanol isomer blends.

关键词： Butanol isomers unregulated emission combustion characteristics gas chromatograph SI engine

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两条相交的空间曲线

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厦门大学学报(自然科学版) 1956年第2期 102-107页

作者：方德植

在前篇文章里,曾讨论过这样的两条相交的空间曲线,那就是在交点有不同的切线而有共同的密切平面;对于这样的两条空间曲线具有一个射影共变二次锥面Γ,並且曾注意到和锥面Γ有关的一线性质,如果两条相交空间曲线是一曲面上的一对相交的... 详细信息

在前篇文章里,曾讨论过这样的两条相交的空间曲线,那就是在交点有不同的切线而有共同的密切平面;对于这样的两条空间曲线具有一个射影共变二次锥面Γ,並且曾注意到和锥面Γ有关的一线性质,如果两条相交空间曲线是一曲面上的一对相交的渐近曲线,那末所对应的锥面Γ

关键词：二次曲面切平面坐标平面射影方程

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