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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1072-1075页

作者： Meiming Wu Dongfeng Wang Meng-Hua Li fenghua Lv College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Science(CAS)Beijing 100101China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University Sanya 572024China

Dear Editor,Sheep and goats were among the earliest domestic animals(Zeder,2008).During the transition from being hunted to being herded,excess males not involved in propagation were slaughtered at young ages under th... 详细信息

关键词： earliest harvest young

Highly Efficient Aligned Ion‑Conducting Network and Interface Chemistries for Depolarized All‑Solid‑State Lithium Metal Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第5期16卷 102-119页

作者： Yongbiao Mu Shixiang Yu Yuzhu Chen Youqi Chu Buke Wu Qing Zhang Binbin Guo Lingfeng Zou Ruijie Zhang fenghua Yu Meisheng Han Meng Lin Jinglei yang Jiaming Bai Lin Zeng Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China SUSTech Energy Institute for Carbon Neutrality Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloon 997077Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinaPeople’s Republic of China HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute FutianShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China

Improving the long-term cycling stability and energy density of all-solid-state lithium(Li)-metal batteries(ASSLMBs)at room temperature is a severe challenge because of the notorious solid–solid interfacial contact loss and sluggish ion transport.Solid electrolytes are generally studied as two-dimensional(2D)structures with planar interfaces,showing limited interfacial contact and further resulting in unstable Li/electrolyte and cathode/electrolyte interfaces.Herein,three-dimensional(3D)architecturally designed composite solid electrolytes are developed with independently controlled structural factors using 3D printing processing and post-curing treatment.Multiple-type electrolyte films with vertical-aligned micro-pillar(p-3DSE)and spiral(s-3DSE)structures are rationally designed and developed,which can be employed for both Li metal anode and cathode in terms of accelerating the Li+transport within electrodes and reinforcing the interfacial adhesion.The printed p-3DSE delivers robust long-term cycle life of up to 2600 cycles and a high critical current density of 1.92 mA cm^(−2).The optimized electrolyte structure could lead to ASSLMBs with a superior full-cell areal capacity of 2.75 mAh cm^(−2)(LFP)and 3.92 mAh cm^(−2)(NCM811).This unique design provides enhancements for both anode and cathode electrodes,thereby alleviating interfacial degradation induced by dendrite growth and contact loss.The approach in this study opens a new design strategy for advanced composite solid polymer electrolytes in ASSLMBs operating under high rates/capacities and room temperature.

关键词： All-solid-state lithium metal batteries Composite solid electrolyte 3D printing Areal capacity Interfacial degradation

A Review on Particle Reinforced Mg Matrix Composites Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第3期37卷 391-400页

作者： Zhiyuan Liu Li Jin Jian Zeng Fulin Wang fenghua Wang Shuai Dong Jie Dong National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

This paper provides a comprehensive review of research progress in particle-reinforced Mg matrix composites prepared via powder metallurgy.The article discusses different strategies,such as micro-sized,nano-sized particles,and multi-particle hybridization,which has been employed to enhance the performance of the composites.In addition,a range of preparation techniques that optimize the dispersion of the reinforcing particles are summarized.The paper also highlights how the different configurations between the reinforcements and matrix alloy impact the composites’performance.Finally,the article outlines the prospects of particles reinforced Mg matrix composites fabricated via powder metallurgy and recommends modification methods that could be explored to further develop these materials for various applications.

关键词： Magnesium matrix composites Reinforcing particle Powder metallurgy Mechanical properties Configuration

Multi-Robot Cooperative Localization: Time-Varying Unobservable Subspace Analysis and Consistent Algorithm Design

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年

作者： HAO Ning HE fenghua YAO Yu School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of Technology

This paper investigates the problem of cooperative localization (CL) for a multi-robot system (MRS) under dynamic measurement topology, which involves a group of robots collectively estimating their poses with respect to a common reference frame using ego-motion measurements and robot-to-robot relative measurements. The authors provide a theoretical analysis of the time-varying unobservable subspace and propose a consistent cooperative localization algorithm. First, the authors introduce the relative measurement graph (RMG) to represent the relative pose measurements obtained by the MRS at each instant. Then, the authors derive the local observability matrix over a time interval.An equivalent relationship is established between the local observability matrix and the spectral matrices of the RMG. Moreover, the authors present a method for constructing the unobservable subspace based on the RMG under different topology conditions. Based on this analysis, the authors design a consistent cooperative localization algorithm that satisfies the constraints of the time-varying unobservable subspace. An analytical optimal solution is derived for the constrained optimization problem.Monte Carlo numerical simulations are conducted to demonstrate the consistency and accuracy of the proposed method.

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ResoNet:Robust and Explainable ENSO Forecasts with Hybrid Convolution and Transformer Networks

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1289-1298页

作者： Pumeng LYU Tao TANG fenghua LING Jing-Jia LUO Niklas BOERS Wanli OUyang Lei BAI Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Shanghai 200072China Zhejiang Meteorological Observatory Hangzhou 310002China Institute for Climate and Application Research(ICAR) Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Technical University of Munich Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact ResearchPotsdam 14473Germany

Recent studies have shown that deep learning(DL)models can skillfully forecast El Niño–Southern Oscillation(ENSO)events more than 1.5 years in advance.However,concerns regarding the reliability of predictions made by DL methods persist,including potential overfitting issues and lack of interpretability.Here,we propose ResoNet,a DL model that combines CNN(convolutional neural network)and transformer architectures.This hybrid architecture enables our model to adequately capture local sea surface temperature anomalies as well as long-range inter-basin interactions across oceans.We show that ResoNet can robustly predict ENSO at lead times of 19 months,thus outperforming existing approaches in terms of the forecast horizon.According to an explainability method applied to ResoNet predictions of El Niño and La Niña from 1-to 18-month leads,we find that it predicts the Niño-3.4 index based on multiple physically reasonable mechanisms,such as the recharge oscillator concept,seasonal footprint mechanism,and Indian Ocean capacitor effect.Moreover,we demonstrate for the first time that the asymmetry between El Niño and La Niña development can be captured by ResoNet.Our results could help to alleviate skepticism about applying DL models for ENSO prediction and encourage more attempts to discover and predict climate phenomena using AI methods.

关键词： deep learning ENSO CNN transformer

Nanosize-effect on the distribution of heavy metals in copper smelting dust:Based on sophisticated dust sorting approach

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 312-320页

作者： Ken Li Zuwu Liao Hengdi Ye Qingzhu Li fenghua Shen Qian Li Hui Liu Qingwei Wang Xu Yan Zhang Lin Liyuan Chai School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control&Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution Changsha 410083China National Engineering Research Center of Sintering and Pelletizing Equipment System Zhongye Changtian International Engineering Co.LtdChangsha 410205China

Dust particles emitted from smelters can be hazardous to ecosystems and humans,as they are often enriched in metallic compounds.Here,we combined multi-method mineralogical analysis with a sophisticated size sorting approach for copper smelting dust to study the nanosize-effect on heavy metal distribution,which has hitherto been underestimated.Three types of dust were collected from a copper flash smelter and then size-sorted using a Dekati low-pressure impactor.Results showed that all three samples could easily sort out nanoscale dust particles(<1μm,grades 10–2)and even those smaller than 100 nm(grades 5–2).Especially for electrostatic precipitators dust,the mass fraction of nanoscale dust(<1μm)could reach 10.71%.The presence of heavy metals(Pb,Zn,Cu,and As)and their mineral species in dust was examined at various particle sizes.It was discovered that different heavy metals are enriched on nanoparticles in specific sizes.In micron-sized particles,heavy metals are generally found in discrete phases(e.g.,CuSO_(4),PbSO_(4),and As_(2)O_(3)).In nanoscale particles,the dominant phase is Fe_(3)O_(4),while heavy metals are mostly found in lattice substitution(e.g.,CuFe_(2)O_(4)and ZnFe_(2)O_(4)).Two distinct nano-dust morphologies were found:One with irregular mesh or chain structures consisting of particles of a few nanometers,and the other with polygonal crystals in larger sizes of hundreds of nanometers.The enrichment of heavy metals in the latter morphology is more pronounced,possibly because lattice substitution of heavy metals is more likely to occur when polycrystalline particles are formed.

关键词： copper flue dust size-sorted heavy metal distribution morphology nano-sized effects

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal using thermal alkaline hydrolyzed municipal wastewater biosolids

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第12期31卷 164-174页

作者： Masuduz Zaman Mingu Kim George Nakhla Ajay Singh fenghua yang Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Western UniversityLondonONCanada Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Western UniversityLondonONCanada Lystek International Inc. CambridgeONCanada Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago ChicagoUSA

This study reports the feasibility of using municipal wastewater biosolids as an alternative carbon source for biological phosphorus removal.The biosolids were treated by a lowtemperature,thermal alkaline hydrolysis process patented by Lystek International Inc.(Cambridge,ON,Canada)to produce short-chain volatile fatty acids and other readily biodegradable organics.Two sequencing batch reactors(SBRs)were operated with synthetic volatile fatty acids(Syn VFA)and readily biodegradable organics produced from the alkaline hydrolysis of municipal wastewater biosolids(Lystek)as the carbon source,respectively.Municipal wastewaters with different strengths and COD:N:P ratios were tested in the study.The reactors’performances were compared with respect to nitrogen and phosphorus removal.It was observed that phosphorus removal efficiencies were between 98%–99%and 90%–97%and nitrogen removal efficiencies were 78%–81%,and 67%for the Syn VFA and Lystek,respectively.However,the kinetics for phosphorus release and uptake during the anaerobic and aerobic stages with Lystek were observed to be significantly lower than Syn VFA due to the presence of higher order VFAs(C4 and above)and other fermentable organics in the Lystek.

关键词： Alternative carbon source Biological nutrient removal Organic resource recovery Biosolids application Phosphorus accumulating organisms

SARS-CoV-2 immunity in animal models

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 119-133页

作者： Zhao Chen Yaochang Yuan Qingtao Hu Airu Zhu fenghua Chen Shu Li Xin Guan Chao Lv Tian Tang Yiyun He Jinling Cheng Jie Zheng Xiaoyu Hu Jingxian Zhao Jincun Zhao Jing Sun State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory DiseaseNational Centre for Respiratory MedicineGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory Healththe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510182China GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510000China Guangzhou National Laboratory GuangzhouGuangdong 510005China Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies School of Life Science and TechnologyShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Institute for Hepatology National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseaseShenzhen Third People’s Hospitalthe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518005China

The COVID-19 pandemic,which was caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),has become a worldwide health crisis due to its transmissibility.SARS-CoV-2 infection results in severe respiratory illness and can lead to significant complications in affected individuals.These complications encompass symptoms such as coughing,respiratory distress,fever,infectious shock,acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),and even multiple-organ failure.Animal models serve as crucial tools for investigating pathogenic mechanisms,immune responses,immune escape mechanisms,antiviral drug development,and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.Currently,various animal models for SARS-CoV-2 infection,such as nonhuman primates(NHPs),ferrets,hamsters,and many different mouse models,have been developed.Each model possesses distinctive features and applications.In this review,we elucidate the immune response elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients and provide an overview of the characteristics of various animal models mainly used for SARS-CoV-2 infection,as well as the corresponding immune responses and applications of these models.A comparative analysis of transcriptomic alterations in the lungs from different animal models revealed that the K18-hACE2 and mouse-adapted virus mouse models exhibited the highest similarity with the deceased COVID-19 patients.Finally,we highlighted the current gaps in related research between animal model studies and clinical investigations,underscoring lingering scientific questions that demand further clarification.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 animal models immune response

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全球金融网络与区域发展

地理研究 2024年第2期43卷 273-286页

作者：方成潘峰华北京师范大学地理科学学部地理学院北京100875 杜伦大学地理系英国DH13LE 北京师范大学地理科学学部环境遥感与数字城市北京市重点实验室北京100875

伴随金融全球化的深入,全球-地方的金融联系日益成为影响区域发展的关键因素,全球金融网络的概念应运而生。本研究提出,全球金融网络不仅是理解全球-地方金融联系的重要概念框架,也是从金融全球化视角分析区域发展的有效工具。本文提出... 详细信息

伴随金融全球化的深入,全球-地方的金融联系日益成为影响区域发展的关键因素,全球金融网络的概念应运而生。本研究提出,全球金融网络不仅是理解全球-地方金融联系的重要概念框架,也是从金融全球化视角分析区域发展的有效工具。本文提出了与全球金融网络有关的两种区域发展路径。第一,不同的区域主体借助全球金融网络,可以获取到必要的金融与商业服务支持,进而开展跨境的融资和金融投资实践。通过这样做,区域能够基于自身发展条件,整合利用境内外不同金融市场的优势来服务区域发展目标,但代价是区域将面临更大的全球金融风险暴露。第二,区域通过发展具有全球影响力的金融与商业服务业,促使区域内城市成为全球金融网络中的重要节点,从而能够提升区域在全球城市体系中的战略地位,并实现金融与商务服务部门带来的经济增长。这两种发展路径的实现不仅取决于区域自身的地理条件和发展策略,也受制于外部不断发展的国际政治经济环境。本文强调了全球金融网络用于分析区域发展问题的有效性,呼吁未来注重利用该框架来分析金融全球化对中国区域发展的影响,从而推动相关领域理论发展,并提供有用的政策启示。

关键词：全球金融网络区域发展跨境投融资离岸金融市场金融地理学

南京国民政府时期监狱经费刍议——以江苏省监狱经费来源及发放为中心的考察(1927-1937)

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河南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2024年第2期51卷 114-120页

作者：李风华河南师范大学马克思主义学院河南新乡453007

南京国民政府时期,司法独立为时代所倡导,人们围绕监狱经费来源问题展开了争论,人们期望监狱经费由中央政府统一拨付,但因为财政困难,这一愿望最终难以实现。就江苏监狱而言,其经费主要来源于省财政划拨,在江苏省财政状况持续恶劣的环境... 详细信息

南京国民政府时期,司法独立为时代所倡导,人们围绕监狱经费来源问题展开了争论,人们期望监狱经费由中央政府统一拨付,但因为财政困难,这一愿望最终难以实现。就江苏监狱而言,其经费主要来源于省财政划拨,在江苏省财政状况持续恶劣的环境下,减折、拖欠发放成为常态。尽管地方司法部门积极采取了社会募捐、法收项下截留及监狱自身收入补贴等应急措施,但监狱经费拖欠发放及打折发放并未有较大改观。地方负担司法经费筹集,极易导致地方司法系统对于地方行政权力的依附,司法的公正独立性受到严重消解。

关键词：南京国民政府江苏监狱经费