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Science China(Life Sciences) 2016年第9期59卷 897-905页

作者： Shuangfeng Wang Jianhang Sun fenggui fan Zhaoyun Tan Yanmin Zou Dongping Lu State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Center for Agricultural Research Resources Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang Hebei 050021 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Receptor-like kinases(RLKs) play important roles in plant immunity signaling; thus, many are hijacked by pathogen effectors to promote successful pathogenesis. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae(Xoo) is the causal agent of rice leaf blight disease. The strain PXO99 A has 18 non-TAL(transcription activation-like) effectors; however, their mechanisms of action and host target proteins remain largely unknown. Although the effector XopR from the Xoo strain MAFF311018 was shown to suppress PAMP-triggered immune responses in Arabidopsis, its target has not yet been identified. Here, we show that PXO99 A XopR interacts with BIK1 at the plasma membrane. BIK1 is a receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase(RLCK) belonging to the RLK family of proteins and mediates PAMP-triggered stomatal immunity. In turn, BIK1 phosphorylates XopR. Furthermore, XopR suppresses PAMP-triggered stomatal closure in transgenic Arabidopsis expressing XopR. In addition, XopR is able to associate with RLCKs other than BIK1. These results suggest that XopR likely suppresses plant immunity by targeting BIK1 and other RLCKs.

关键词： Xanthomonas effector XopR BIK1 immunity

Substantial transition to clean household energy mix in rural China

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National Science Review 2022年第7期9卷 137-151页

作者： Guofeng Shen Rui Xiong Yanlin Tian Zhihan Luo Bahabaike Jiangtulu Wenjun Meng Wei Du Jing Meng Yuanchen Chen Bing Xue Bin Wang Yonghong Duan Jia Duo fenggui fan Lei Huang Tianzhen Ju fenggui Liu Shunxin Li Xianli Liu Yungui Li Mu Wang Ying Nan Bo Pan Yanfang Pan Lizhi Wang Eddy Zeng Chao Zhan Yilin Chen Huizhong Shen Hefa Cheng Shu Tao College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC)Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Institute of Reproductive and Child Health Peking University Laboratory of Geographic Information Science School of Geographic Sciences East China Normal University The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction University College London College of Environment Zhejiang University of Technology Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Peking University College of Resources and Environment Shanxi Agricultural University Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences National Engineering Technology Research Center for Desert-Oasis Ecological Construction Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Geography and Tourism Anhui University School of Environment Nanjing University College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal University College of Geographical Science Qinghai Normal University Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Environment Minnan Normal University School of Environmental Science and Engineering Hubei Polytechnic University Department of Environmental Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology College of Food Science Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University College of Geography and Ocean Sciences Yanbian University Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology College of Geography and Environmental Science Henan University College of Ecology and Environment Hainan University School of Environment Ji

The household energy mix has significant impacts on human health and climate,as it contributes greatly to many health-and climate-relevant air *** to the well-established urban energy statistical system,the rural hous ehold energy statistical system is incomplete and is often associated with high *** a nationwide investigation,this study reve aled high contributions to energy supply from coal and biomass fuels in the rural household energy sector,while electricity comprised ～20%.Stacking(the use of multiple sources of energy) is significant,and the average number of energy types was 2.8 per *** to 2012,the consumption of biomass and coals in 2017 decreased by 45% and 12%,respectively,while the gas consumption amount increased by 204%.Increased gas and decreased coal consumptions were mainly in cooking,while decreased biomass was in both cooking(41%) and heating(59%).The time-sharing fraction of electricity and gases(E&G) for daily cooking grew,reaching 69% in 2017,but for space heating,traditional solid fuels were still dominant,with the national average shared fraction of E&G being only 20%.The non-uniform spatial distribution and the non-linear increase in the fraction of E&G indicated challenges to achieving universal access to modern cooking energy by 2030,particularly in less-developed rural and mountainous *** some non-typical heating zones,the increased share of E&G for heating was significant and largely driven by income growth,but in typical heating zones,the time-sharing fraction was <5 % and was not significantly increased,except in areas with policy *** intervention policy not only led to dramatic increases in the clean energy fraction for heating but also accelerated the clean cooking *** income,higher education,younger age,less energy/stove stacking and smaller family size positively impacted the clean energy transition.

关键词： household energy mix energy transition clean heating modern energy sustainable development

In Situ DIC Study on LCF Behavior of Retired Weld Joint Subjected to Prolonged Service at Elevated Temperature

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2022年第8期35卷 1317-1328页

作者： Anqi Zuo Xia Liu Chendong Shao Mingzhe fan Ninshu Ma fenggui Lu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240China Shanghai Turbine Plant of Shanghai Electric Power Generation Equipment Co.Ltd.Shanghai 200240 China Joining and Welding Research Institute Osaka UniversityOsaka 567-0047.Japan

By using digital image correlation(DIC), low-cycle fatigue(LCF) behavior of CrMoV weld joint taken from a retired gas turbine rotor after 15-year service was investigated at 500 ℃ and 540 ℃. The most remarkable plastic strain was observed in the weld metal(WM), which was up to 6 times of the global strain at mid-life cycle. Due to the cyclic accumulation of local deformation, the stress–strain hysteresis loops relative to tensile or compressive strain concentration area in WM displayed the ratchetting shape. The local deformation accumulation of WM was attributed to the effect of the equiaxed grain zone near the WM center. The accumulated plastic strain was considered as the main fatigue failure mechanism.

关键词： Low-cycle fatigue Digital image correlation Local deformation Weld joint Failure mechanism

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新课标高中化学教材习题使用状况的调查分析

化学教育 2009年第1期30卷 58-60页

作者：杨帆张凤桂袁廷新北京师范大学化学学院 100875 安徽涡阳县第四中学 233600

通过新旧教材习题的比较，概括了新教材习题的特征。在分析制约新教材习题使用因素的基础上，从习题设置和课堂教学2方面提出了改进建议。

关键词：高中化学新教材习题调查分析建议

NiCrMoV钢汽轮机转子堆焊接头组织性能研究

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热加工工艺 2011年第21期40卷 137-139,141页

作者：范如意芦凤桂刘霞赵健乔尚飞上海交通大学上海市激光制造中心与材料改性重点实验室上海200240 上海电气电站设备有限公司汽轮机厂上海200240

选用马氏体不锈钢E410NiMo15作为堆焊层材料及NiMo1作为过渡层材料,对核电汽轮机高压转子NiCrMoV钢轴颈进行埋弧堆焊试验研究。焊后采用EPMA线扫描分析了堆焊接头化学成分的变化规律,并借助光学显微镜观察了堆焊接头各层微观组织结构,... 详细信息

选用马氏体不锈钢E410NiMo15作为堆焊层材料及NiMo1作为过渡层材料,对核电汽轮机高压转子NiCrMoV钢轴颈进行埋弧堆焊试验研究。焊后采用EPMA线扫描分析了堆焊接头化学成分的变化规律,并借助光学显微镜观察了堆焊接头各层微观组织结构,通过冲击试验和电化学耐腐蚀试验分别研究了堆焊接头各区域的力学性能及耐腐蚀性能。试验结果表明:过渡层的添加对改善不锈钢耐蚀层的冲击韧性和堆焊接头表面耐腐蚀性能是有利的。

关键词：埋弧堆焊过渡层微观组织冲击韧性耐腐蚀性

不同焊接模式下DP590GA钢GMAW接头气孔敏感性研究

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热加工工艺 2012年第5期41卷 145-147页

作者：刘文敏芦凤桂唐新华张帆上海交通大学上海市激光制造与材料改性重点实验室上海200240

研究了在短路过渡、单脉冲和双脉冲焊接模式下的DP590GA镀锌钢板熔化极气体保护焊搭接接头的气孔敏感性。采用X射线无损检测方法统计分析了不同模式下焊缝中气孔的数量、分布及气孔形貌,同时结合不同模式下的焊接电流电压信号,分析了不... 详细信息

研究了在短路过渡、单脉冲和双脉冲焊接模式下的DP590GA镀锌钢板熔化极气体保护焊搭接接头的气孔敏感性。采用X射线无损检测方法统计分析了不同模式下焊缝中气孔的数量、分布及气孔形貌,同时结合不同模式下的焊接电流电压信号,分析了不同模式下气孔产生的原因。试验结果表明,无脉冲和单脉冲焊接时气孔数量较多,无脉冲时焊缝中的气孔形状近似为椭球形,单脉冲则呈球形,而在双脉冲模式下获得的焊缝中只有在起焊处有少量气孔存在;采用双脉冲焊接模式对DP590GA镀锌钢板进行搭接焊可以降低气孔敏感性从而得到满意的焊缝质量。

关键词： DP590GA 搭接接头 GMAW 焊接模式气孔敏感性

断陷湖盆陡坡带砂砾岩扇体成藏动力学特征——以东营凹陷为例

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石油与天然气地质 2003年第4期24卷 335-340页

作者：隋风贵中国石化胜利油田有限公司地质科学研究院

东营凹陷北部陡坡带主要发育了冲积扇、扇三角洲、近岸水下扇、陡坡深水浊积扇和滑塌浊积扇 5种类型的砂砾岩扇体。以这些砂砾岩扇体为储层的油藏呈群带状沿陡坡带有规律展布 ,由边缘凸起向生烃洼陷中心依次形成了地层 -岩性油气藏、构... 详细信息

东营凹陷北部陡坡带主要发育了冲积扇、扇三角洲、近岸水下扇、陡坡深水浊积扇和滑塌浊积扇 5种类型的砂砾岩扇体。以这些砂砾岩扇体为储层的油藏呈群带状沿陡坡带有规律展布 ,由边缘凸起向生烃洼陷中心依次形成了地层 -岩性油气藏、构造 -岩性油气藏和岩性油气藏。陡坡带内发育沙河街组四段和三段两套优质烃源岩 ,最大厚度大于 4 0 0 0m ,有机质类型为Ⅰ、Ⅱ型 ,有机碳为 0 5 %～ 3 5 % ;陡坡带中、上部发育的扇体以断裂、砂层和层序界面组成的复合油气输导体系为通道 ,油气运移以纵、横向转换传递的阶梯状输导为主 ,为间接充注成藏。由于断阶发育 ,砂体岩性较粗、储集物性较好等因素在时空上的有机配置 ,致使扇体油气藏的油气生成、运移和聚集成藏具有多期性 ,即经历了东营组、馆陶组和明化镇组沉积期的三期油气充注过程 ,但以馆陶组和明化镇组沉积期的成藏为主 ,其成藏动力学过程概括为陡坡带断阶型砂砾岩扇体成藏模式。

关键词：陡坡带砂砾岩扇体油藏类型成藏动力学成藏模式断陷盆地

准噶尔盆地车排子凸起白垩系层序-古地貌耦合控砂机制与砂体预测

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东北石油大学学报 2020年第6期44卷 1-11,I0001页

作者：张曰静张奎华隋风贵陈林任新成徐佑德中国石化胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院山东东营257061 中国石化胜利油田分公司山东东营257061

为明确准噶尔盆地车排子地区白垩系砂体分布规律,根据沉积学、层序地层学等理论,综合利用钻井、测井、录井及三维地震资料,在精细层序地层格架建立的基础上,结合古地貌恢复,分析研究区砂体的时空展布特征。结果表明:白垩系砂体分布受层... 详细信息

为明确准噶尔盆地车排子地区白垩系砂体分布规律,根据沉积学、层序地层学等理论,综合利用钻井、测井、录井及三维地震资料,在精细层序地层格架建立的基础上,结合古地貌恢复,分析研究区砂体的时空展布特征。结果表明:白垩系砂体分布受层序—古地貌耦合控制,即层序控制砂体的垂向分布,表现为各三级层序的HST、LST砂体较发育;古地貌控制砂体的平面分布,表现为坡折带沟谷控制扇三角洲砂体的发育,平台区广泛发育滨浅湖滩砂,水下低隆区发育厚层坝砂。该结果为研究区白垩系厚砂体的精准预测提供指导。

关键词：控砂机制扇三角洲滩坝白垩系车排子凸起准噶尔盆地

多层螺旋CT后处理重建在腰椎峡部裂诊断中的可行性研究

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实用医学影像杂志 2010年第6期11卷 341-343页

作者：范俊飞潘涛刘健华赵文卓谢金华杨靖广东省中山市板芙医院放射科广东中山528459 广东省中山市东凤医院放射科

目的确定多层螺旋CT后处理重建技术在腰椎峡部裂诊断中的可行性。方法 31例临床怀疑腰椎峡部裂患者均经多层螺旋CT容积扫描。将原始数据传送至工作站进行MPR、SSD和VRT图像重组。结果本组31例中,双侧与单侧腰椎峡部裂分别见于29(93.5%)... 详细信息

目的确定多层螺旋CT后处理重建技术在腰椎峡部裂诊断中的可行性。方法 31例临床怀疑腰椎峡部裂患者均经多层螺旋CT容积扫描。将原始数据传送至工作站进行MPR、SSD和VRT图像重组。结果本组31例中,双侧与单侧腰椎峡部裂分别见于29(93.5%)例和2(6.5%)例,其中,L5椎体25例(80.6%),L4椎体5例(16.1%),L3椎体1例(3.2%);L4与L5椎体同时受累者4例(12.9%)。本组31例共检出64处椎弓峡部裂病灶。典型的"双关节征"和"裂隙征"见于所有病例。腰椎峡部裂伴发腰椎滑脱和隐性骶椎裂分别见于12和1例。MPR和VR对腰椎峡部裂的显示优于SSD,然而,SSD能清晰显示椎体滑脱。结论多层螺旋CT,尤其是MPR和VR对腰椎峡部裂的诊断具有高度敏感性,可作为首选的影像技术。

关键词：腰椎峡部裂体层摄影术,X线计算机后处理重建

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东营凹陷民丰地区沙四段下亚段烃源岩特征

油气地质与采收率 2023年第3期30卷 28-41页

作者：李宇志周肖肖隋风贵王学军欧浩文闫海清韩柯王涛中国石化胜利油田分公司东辛采油厂山东东营257066 中国石化胜利石油管理局有限公司博士后科研工作站山东东营257001 中国石化胜利油田分公司山东东营257001 中国石化胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院山东东营257015

东营凹陷民丰地区在沙四段下亚段油气勘探中获重要突破。但其烃源岩生烃潜力、生物标志物特征及其环境意义以及膏盐岩对烃源岩成熟度的影响仍缺乏系统研究。基于岩石有机碳、热解.于酪根显微組分鉴定、饱和烃色谱-质谱等实验结果。结合... 详细信息

东营凹陷民丰地区在沙四段下亚段油气勘探中获重要突破。但其烃源岩生烃潜力、生物标志物特征及其环境意义以及膏盐岩对烃源岩成熟度的影响仍缺乏系统研究。基于岩石有机碳、热解.于酪根显微組分鉴定、饱和烃色谱-质谱等实验结果。结合地质条件。系统评价了沙四段下亚段烃源岩。研究结果表明:①烃源岩有机质以腐泥型的Ⅰ和Ⅱ_(1),型干酪根为主,生烃母质优质,盐间和扇间泥岩均具生烃能力,含有中等-优质烃源岩,可作为潜在页岩油气发育区;基于多元回归分析模型分岩性建立了TOC测井评价模型,其预测值与实测值吻合度高。②上部烃源岩相对下部具有高C_(27),重排甾烧C_(27)规则甾烷、高规则甾烧/17α-蕾烷等特征;上部烃源岩多为盐间泥岩,沉积于威水还原-强还原环境,下部烃源岩多为盐下扇间泥岩。为微咸水淡水还原环境.二者以垂深4180~4200m为界,均在古冲沟附近较为发育。③烃源岩处于成熟-高成熟阶段,上部、下部烃源岩大致以镜质組反射率等于1.0%为界,上部生油为主,下部有利于裂解生气;盐上地层(以砂砾岩储层为主)的地温梯度和烃源岩镜质组反射率明显大于盐下和无盐相应参数。

关键词：盐湖相烃源岩生烃潜力:生物标志物热演化民丰地区