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Effect of fluid motion on colony formation in Microcystis aeruginosa

Water Science and Engineering 2013年第1期6卷 106-116页

作者： Lin LI Wei ZHU Ting-ting WANG Yong-gang LUO feng-lan chen Xiao TAN College of Environment Hohai University School of Geography and Environment Jiangxi Normal University National Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Engineering Safety Hohai University Zhenjiang Academy of Urban Planning and Design

Microcystis aeruginosa, generally occurring in large colonies under natural conditions, mainly exists as single cells in laboratory cultures. The mechanisms involved in colony formation in Microcystis aeruginosa and their roles in algal blooms remain unknown. In this study, based on previous research findings that fluid motion may stimulate the colony formation in green algae, cul^are experiments were conducted under axenic conditions in a circular water chamber where the flow rate, temperature, light, and nutrients were controlled. The number of cells of Microcystis aeruginosa, the number of cells per colony, and the colonial characteristics in various growth phases were observed and measured. The results indicated that the colony formation in Microcystis aeruginosa, which was not observed under stagnant conditions, was evident when there was fluid motion, with the number of cells per largest colony reaching 120 and the proportion of the number of cells in colonial form to the total number of cells and the mean number of cells per colony reaching their peak values at a flow rate of 35 crn/s. Based on the analysis of colony formation process, fluid motion stimulates the colony formation in Microcystis aeruginosa in the lag growth phase, while flushes and disaggregates the colonies in the exponential growth phase. The stimulation effect in the lag growth phase may be attributable to the involvement of fluid motion in a series of physiological processes, including the uptake of trace elements and the synthesis and secretion of polysaccharides. In addition, the experimental groups exhibiting typical colonial characteristics in the lag growth phase were found to have higher cell biomass in the later phase.

关键词： Microcystis aeruginosa colony formation," fluid motion flushing effect," viscousshear extracellular polysaccharide

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Tuning the interfacial reaction environment via pH-dependent and induced ions to understand C–N bonds coupling performance in NO3- integrated CO2 reduction to carbon and nitrogen compounds over dual Cu-based N-doped carbon catalyst

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 273-285页

作者： Tianhang Zhou chen Shen Zhenghao Wu Xingying lan Yi Xiao College of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Institute of Materials Science TU Darmstadt Department of Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo

Dual atomic catalysts （DAC）,particularly copper （Cu2）-based nitrogen （N） doped graphene,show great potential to effectively convert CO2and nitrate （NO3-） into important industrial chemicals such as ethylene,glycol,acetamide,and urea through an efficient catalytical process that involves C–C and C–N ***,the origin of the coupling activity remained unclear,which substantially hinders the rational design of Cu-based catalysts for the N-integrated CO2reduction reaction （CO2RR）.To address this challenge,this work performed advanced density functional theory calculations incorporating explicit solvation based on a Cu2-based N-doped carbon (Cu2N6C10) catalyst for *** calculations are aimed to gain insight into the reaction mechanisms for the synthesis of ethylene,acetamide,and urea via coupling in the interfacial reaction *** to the sluggishness of CO2,the formation of a solvation electric layer by anions （F-,Cl-,Br-,and I-） and cations (Na+,Mg2+,K+,and Ca2+) leads to electron transfer towards the Cu *** process significantly accelerates the reduction of *** results reveal that*CO intermediates play a pivotal role in N-integrated ***,the Cu2-based N-doped carbon catalyst examined in this study has demonstrated the most potential for C–N coupling to *** findings reveal that through the process of a condensation reaction between*CO and NH2OH for urea synthesis,*NO3-is reduced to*NH3,and*CO2to*CCO at dual Cu atom *** dual-site reduction facilitates the synthesis of acetamide through a nucleophilic reaction between NH3and the ketene ***,we found that the I-and Mg2+ions,influenced by pH,were highly effective for acetamide and ammonia synthesis,except when F-and Ca2+were ***,the mechanisms of C–N bond formation were investigated via ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations,and we found that adjusting the micro-environment can change the dominant side reaction,shift

关键词： Condensation reactions

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Laser image refractive index sensor based on the combination of a coreless optical fiber and a digital camera

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第2期 65-68页

作者： GUO Jingzhong lan feng chen Xiang LIU Haifeng Xi'an Institute of Space Radio Technology Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Nankai University

As a laser passes through a scattering medium,the light interacts with the irregular reflections within the medium,resulting in light scattering and the formation of *** this paper,an image sensor based on the combination of a coreless optical fiber and a digital camera is proposed for liquid refractive index sensing *** coreless fiber is used as a sensing unit,and the change in the speckle pattern is measured using the digital correlation method to detect the magnitude of the liquid's refractive *** experimental results indicate that the laser image sensing technique is capable of effectively distinguishing liquid samples with refractive indices ranging from 1.332 8 to1.390 8,with a sensing sensitivity of-1.306 ***,the laser image sensing technique,with its advantages of high experimental reproducibility,simple system design,remote over-control,holds great research significance and potential application in laser communication and sensor integration.

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Bioinspired Passive Tactile Sensors Enabled by Reversible Polarization of Conjugated Polymers

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 361-377页

作者： feng He Sitong chen Ruili Zhou Hanyu Diao Yangyang Han Xiaodong Wu School of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China School of Software Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China

Tactile perception plays a vital role for the human body and is also highly desired for smart prosthesis and advanced *** to active sensing devices,passive piezoelectric and triboelectric tactile sensors consume less power,but lack the capability to resolve static ***,we address this issue by utilizing the unique polarization chemistry of conjugated polymers for the first time and propose a new type of bioinspired,passive,and bio-friendly tactile sensors for resolving both static and dynamic ***,to emulate the polarization process of natural sensory cells,conjugated polymers(including poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophen e):poly(styrenesulfonate),polyaniline,or polypyrrole)are controllably polarized into two opposite states to create artificial potential *** controllable and reversible polarization process of the conjugated polymers is fully in situ ***,a micro-structured ionic electrolyte is employed to imitate the natural ion channels and to encode external touch stimulations into the variation in potential difference *** with the currently existing tactile sensing devices,the developed tactile sensors feature distinct characteristics including fully organic composition,high sensitivity(up to 773 mV N^(−1)),ultralow power consumption(nW),as well as superior *** demonstrations,both single point tactile perception(surface texture perception and material property perception)and two-dimensional tactile recognitions(shape or profile perception)with high accuracy are successfully realized using self-defined machine learning *** tactile sensing concept innovation based on the polarization chemistry of conjugated polymers opens up a new path to create robotic tactile sensors and prosthetic electronic skins.

关键词： Passive tactile sensors Reversible polarization of conjugated polymers Tactile perception Machine learning algorithm Object recognition

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Gut microbiota-astrocyte axis: new insights into age-related cognitive decline

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 990-1008页

作者： lan Zhang Jingge Wei Xilei Liu Dai Li Xiaoqi Pang Fanglian chen Hailong Cao Ping Lei Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Department of GeriatricsTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Tianjin Geriatrics Institute Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalNational Key Clinical SpecialtyTianjin Institute of Digestive DiseasesTianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseasesTianjinChina Department of Urology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Tianjin Neurological Institution Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina

With the rapidly aging human population,age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent *** is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota,microbial metabolites,and the functions of *** microbiota–gut–brain axis has been the focus of multiple studies and is closely associated with cognitive *** article provides a comprehensive review of the specific changes that occur in the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in older individuals and discusses how the aging of astrocytes and reactive astrocytosis are closely related to age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative *** article also summarizes the gut microbiota components that affect astrocyte function,mainly through the vagus nerve,immune responses,circadian rhythms,and microbial ***,this article summarizes the mechanism by which the gut microbiota–astrocyte axis plays a role in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s *** findings have revealed the critical role of the microbiota–astrocyte axis in age-related cognitive decline,aiding in a deeper understanding of potential gut microbiome-based adjuvant therapy strategies for this condition.

关键词： age aging Alzheimer’s disease astrocytes cognitive decline dementia gut microbiota gut–brain axis microbial metabolites neuroinflammation Parkinson’s disease

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Ru doping triggering reconstruction of cobalt phosphide for coupling glycerol electrooxidation with seawater electrolysis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 317-326页

作者： Binglu Deng Jie Shen Jinxing Lu Chuqiang Huang Zhuoyuan chen feng Peng Yunpeng Liu School of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy Foshan University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou University Guangdong Key Laboratory for Hydrogen Energy Technologies

Seawater electrolysis is a promising approach for sustainable energy without relying on precious ***,the large-scale seawater electrolysis is hindered by low catalytic efficiency and severe anode corrosion caused by the harmful *** contrast to the oxygen evolution reaction （OER）and chlorin ion oxidation reaction （ClOR）,glycerol oxidation reaction （GOR） is more thermodynamically and kinetically favorable ***,a Ru doping cobalt phosphide （Ru-CoP2） is proposed as a robust bifunctional electrocatalyst for seawater electrolysis and GOR,for the concurrent productions of hydrogen and value-added *** in situ and ex situ characterization analyses demonstrated that Ru doping featured in the dynamic reconstruction process from Ru-CoP2to Ru-CoOOH,accounting for the superior GOR *** coupling GOR with hydrogen evolution was realized by employing Ru-CoP2as both anode and cathode,requiring only a low voltage of 1.43 V at 100 mA cm-2,which was 250 m V lower than that in alkaline *** work guides the design of bifunctional electrocatalysts for energy-efficient seawater electrolysis coupled with biomass resource upcycling.

关键词： Anodes

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Equivalent combined cycle modelling for three-heat-reservoir thermal Brownian heat pump with heat-transfer effect and its optimal performance

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： Lingen chen Congzheng QI Yanlin GE Huijun feng Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Equipment Intensification and Intrinsic Safety Wuhan Institute of Technology Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Green Chemical Equipment Wuhan Institute of Technology Institute of Thermal Science and Power Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology

Because of the important role of the absorption heat pump in low-grade thermal energy utilization, this paper extends it to micro domain and performs a finite-time thermodynamic modelling for a three-heat-reservoir (THR) thermal Brownian heat pump with heat transfer effect by using an equivalent combined cycle method, which was applied for macro endoreversible THR heat pumps. The working principle and energy transformation rule are studied, and the coefficient of performance (COP) and heating load are derived. With a fixed overall thermal conductance of three heat exchangers, the maximal heating load is determined by optimizing thermal conductance distributions among three heat exchangers and barrier height, and the optimal working temperatures are also obtained. The impact of external heat transfer is elucidated to show the difference between this model and a non-equilibrium thermodynamic one. Results indicate that external heat transfer determines the energy transformation directly, and performance characteristics are closer to reality when external heat transfer is considered. The heating load has a maximal value about thermal conductance allocation ratios. About half the overall heat exchanger inventory needs to be assigned to the heat exchanger of the heating space for maximal heating load. When the cycle is with only heat transfer effect, the net particle numbers are zero, and the cycle fails to pump heat. The research results are expected to offer an idea for thermodynamic optimization and design of micro THR thermal Brownian heat pump devices.

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Overexpression of low-density lipoprotein receptor prevents neurotoxic polarization of astrocytes via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in experimental ischemic stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 491-502页

作者： Shuai feng Juanji Li Tingting Liu Shiqi Huang Xiangliang chen Shen Liu Junshan Zhou Hongdong Zhao Ye Hong Department of Neurology Nanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Nanjing Jinling HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Neurotoxic astrocytes are a promising therapeutic target for the attenuation of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion ***-density lipoprotein receptor,a classic cholesterol regulatory receptor,has been found to inhibit NLR family pyrin domain containing protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome activation in neurons following ischemic stroke and to suppress the activation of microglia and astrocytes in individuals with Alzheimer’s ***,little is known about the effects of low-density lipoprotein receptor on astrocytic activation in ischemic *** address this issue in the present study,we examined the mechanisms by which low-density lipoprotein receptor regulates astrocytic polarization in ischemic stroke ***,we examined low-density lipoprotein receptor expression in astrocytes via immunofluorescence staining and western blotting *** observed significant downregulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor following middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion and oxygen-glucose deprivation/***,we induced the astrocyte-specific overexpression of low-density lipoprotein receptor using astrocyte-specific adeno-associated ***-density lipoprotein receptor overexpression in astrocytes improved neurological outcomes in middle cerebral artery occlusion mice and reversed neurotoxic astrocytes to create a neuroprotective ***,we found that the overexpression of low-density lipoprotein receptor inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injured astrocytes and that the addition of nigericin,an NLRP3 agonist,restored the neurotoxic astrocyte *** findings suggest that low-density lipoprotein receptor could inhibit the NLRP3-meidiated neurotoxic polarization of astrocytes and that increasing low-density lipoprotein receptor in astrocytes might represent a novel strategy for treating cerebral ischemic stroke.

关键词： inflammation ischemia/reperfusion injury ischemic stroke low-density lipoprotein receptor neuroprotective astrocytes neurotoxic astrocytes NLRP3 inflammasome polarization

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Hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells protect neurons from cardiac arrest-induced pyroptosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1103-1123页

作者： Xiahong Tang Nan Zheng Qingming Lin Yan You Zheng Gong Yangping Zhuang Jiali Wu Yu Wang Hanlin Huang Jun Ke feng chen Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Department of Emergency Fujian Provincial HospitalFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine FuzhouFujian ProvinceChina The Second Department of Intensive Care Unit Fujian Provincial Hospital South BranchFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina

Cardiac arrest can lead to severe neurological impairment as a result of inflammation,mitochondrial dysfunction,and post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation neurological *** preconditioning has been shown to improve migration and survival of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells and reduce pyroptosis after cardiac arrest,but the specific mechanisms by which hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells protect against brain injury after cardiac arrest are *** this end,we established an in vitro co-culture model of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells and oxygen–glucose deprived primary neurons and found that hypoxic preconditioning enhanced the protective effect of bone marrow stromal stem cells against neuronal pyroptosis,possibly through inhibition of the MAPK and nuclear factor κB ***,we transplanted hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells into the lateral ventricle after the return of spontaneous circulation in an 8-minute cardiac arrest rat model induced by *** results showed that hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells significantly reduced cardiac arrest–induced neuronal pyroptosis,oxidative stress,and mitochondrial damage,whereas knockdown of the liver isoform of phosphofructokinase in bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibited these *** conclude,hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells offer a promising therapeutic approach for neuronal injury following cardiac arrest,and their beneficial effects are potentially associated with increased expression of the liver isoform of phosphofructokinase following hypoxic preconditioning.

关键词： bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells cardiac arrest cardiac resuscitation hypoxic preconditioning liver isoform of phosphofructokinase mitochondria neuroinflammation oxidative stress pyroptosis reactive oxygen species

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反应型阻燃剂双(2-羧基乙基)膦酸的合成及在尼龙66上的阻燃应用

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现代纺织技术 2016年第6期24卷 13-18页

作者：杨敏芬周岚冯新星陈建勇浙江理工大学先进纺织材料与制备技术教育部重点实验室北京100081 浙江理工大学生态染整技术教育部工程研究中心杭州310018 浙江理工大学北京100081 中国人民解放军总后勤部军需装备研究所北京100081

以次磷酸、原甲酸三甲酯、丙烯腈等为原料合成了一种新的尼龙66阻燃剂双(2-羧基乙基)膦酸。应用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、X射线能谱分析(EDS)、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)和热重分析仪(TGA)分别表征双(2-羧基乙基)膦酸的化学结构、元素... 详细信息

以次磷酸、原甲酸三甲酯、丙烯腈等为原料合成了一种新的尼龙66阻燃剂双(2-羧基乙基)膦酸。应用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、X射线能谱分析(EDS)、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)和热重分析仪(TGA)分别表征双(2-羧基乙基)膦酸的化学结构、元素组成和热稳定性,并将双(2-羧基乙基)膦酸加入到尼龙66的反应体系中,制备了阻燃尼龙66。研究结果表明:通过控制反应温度、反应时间和反应物摩尔比,双(2-羧基乙基)膦酸产率可达到50.79%;合成的阻燃剂具有双(2-羧基乙基)膦酸的分子结构特征;双(2-羧基乙基)膦酸的起始分解温度200℃,低于尼龙66聚合反应温度,但作为预聚体添加到尼龙66中,满足尼龙66合成工艺;在800℃时残炭量为6.36%,说明双(2-羧基乙基)膦酸具有较好的成炭性;当双(2-羧基乙基)膦酸添加量为6%时,阻燃尼龙66的LOI值达到28.0%;当双(2-羧基乙基)膦酸添加量达4%或更高时,垂直燃烧性能达到V-0级别。

关键词：磷系阻燃剂合成双(2-羧基乙基)膦酸阻燃尼龙66

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