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Burn recidivism:a 10-year retrospective study characterizing patients with repeated burn injuries at a large tertiary referral burn center in the United States

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Burns & Trauma 2019年第1期7卷 75-84页

作者： Sarah L.Laughon Bradley n.Gaynes Lori P.Chrisco Samuel W.Jones felicia n.williams Bruce A.Cairns Gary J.Gala Department of Psychiatry 101 Manning DriveCB#7160Chapel HillNC 27599-7160USA Department of Surgery 4001 Burnett-Womack BuildingCB#7050Chapel HillNC 27599-7050USA north Carolina Jaycee Burn Center 101 Manning DriveCB#7206Chapel HillNC 27599-7600USA

Background:Psychiatric and substance use disorders are common among trauma and burn patients and are known risk factors for repeat episodes of trauma,known as trauma *** epidemiology of burn recidivism,specifically,has not been *** study aimed to characterize cases of burn recidivism at a large US tertiary care burn center and compare burn recidivists(RCs)with non-recidivists(nRCs).Methods:A 10-year retrospective descriptive cohort study of adult burn patients admitted to the north Carolina Jaycee Burn Center was conducted using data from an electronic burn registry and the medical *** variables were reported using medians and interquartile ranges(IQR).Chi-square and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare demographic,burn,and hospitalization characteristics between nRCs and ***:A total of 7134 burn patients were admitted,among which 51(0.7%)were RCs and accounted for 129(1.8%)*** the 51 RCs,37 had two burn injuries each,totaling 74 admissions as a group,while the remaining 14 RCs had between three and eight burn injuries each,totaling 55 admissions as a *** to nRCs,RCs were younger(median age 36 years vs.42 years,p=0.02)and more likely to be white(75%vs.60%,p=0.03),uninsured(45%vs.30%,p=0.02),have chemical burns(16%vs.5%,pnd have burns that were≤10%total body surface area(89%vs.76%,p=0.001).The mortality rate for RCs *** did not differ(0%vs.1.2%,p=0.41).Psychiatric and substance use disorders were approximately five times greater among RCs compared to nRCs(75%vs.15%,pn total hospital charges per patient were nearly three times higher for RCs ***($85,736 vs.$32,023,pnclusions:Distinct from trauma recidivism,burn recidivism is not associated with more severe injury or increased *** to trauma recidivists,but to a greater extent,burn RCs have high rates of comorbid psychiatric and medical conditions that contribute to increased health care u

关键词： Burn recidivism Consult psychiatry Substance use disorder Repeat burn injury

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Structure and mechanics of native and decellularized porcine cranial dura mater

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再生工程(英文) 2023年第2期4卷 205-213页

作者： Ashma Sharma Jun Liao Lakiesha n.williams J.Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611United States Department of Bioengineering University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTX 76010United States

The dura mater is the outermost layer of meninges and consists of a dense elastic membrane that keeps cere-brospinal fluid inside the *** most cranial surgical interventions,the dura mater is incised and needs to be repaired with a graft *** assessed decellularized porcine dura mater as a novel graft material by quantifying the mechanical and structural properties of the dura *** dura mater was decellular-ized using the Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate(SDS)technique and subjected to uniaxial tensile testing,micro indentation testing,histological analysis,and Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM).For native dura,we found the tensile modulus in the linear region(15%-25%strain)to be 19.31±1.23 MPa,with an initial tensile modulus(0%-3.5%strain range)of 451±0.30 kPa,and the failure stress as 4.61±1.50 MPa at 35%*** decellularized dura,the tensile modulus in the linear region was 10.81±0.88 MPa,the initial tensile modulus was 226±22 kPa,and the failure stress was 4.55±1.05 MPa at 55%*** effective compressive modulus was 7 to 19 kPa and 19-57 kPa for the native dura and the decellularized dura,*** histological and TEM observations showed that the orientation of fibers within the dura was maintained after *** short,our study demonstrated that decellularized porcine dura was able to maintain its overall morphological/structural integrity and preserve the native dura’s mechanical behavior,which provides a solid foundation for its use as a functional grafting material.

关键词： Cranial dura Decellularization Mechanical properties

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Social and Environmental Impacts of Maryland Oil Palm Plantations on Forests,Biodiversity,and Community Livelihoods in Liberia

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2024年第2期14卷 83-92页

作者： Richard n.Sam Sampson.williams nornor n.Bee Dioh Flahn Community Rights and Corporate Governance Program Sustainable Development Institute(SDI)DuarzonRobert Field HighwayMargibi10 Liberia

Liberia holds 44.5% of the remaining portion of the Upper Guinean Rainforest in West Africa,which is home to critically endangered forest elephants and western *** forests are of vital importance for the livelihoods of millions of West Africans and provide key ecosystem services of local and global importance for food systems transformation and ***’s efforts toward land reform through legislation and policies recognise communities’rights to own and manage their customary lands and *** include the national Forestry Reform Law of 2006,the Community Rights Law Concerning Forest Lands of 2009,and the Land Rights Act of 2018,and *** May 2022,a program team from the Sustainable Development Institute(SDI)-Friends of the Earth Liberia researched the social and environmental impacts of Maryland Oil Palm Plantations(MOPPs)in ***-three(23)key informant interviews(KIIs)and 10 focus group discussions(FGDs)were conducted in seven communities in and around the *** included farmers,contract workers,MOPP staff,local authorities,women and youth leaders,the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)Inspector,the Civil Society Head,and the Gender Coordinator of Maryland *** team cross-checked information with formal documents as much as possible and took photographs and global positioning system(GPS)locations of areas of deforestation,pollution,and *** team also used observation to monitor environmental pollution,such as affluent into water bodies and planting oil palm in *** team used narrative analysis and geospatial landscape analysis to analyze the *** research finds that land conflict and deforestation have several negative impacts on *** has not respected land tenure rights or followed Free Prior and Informed Consent(FPIC)standards,including resettlement without reparation and destruction of farms and old towns without(sufficient)compensation or *** MOPP land acquisiti

关键词： Biodiversity climate change community rights deforestation ecosystem services food security human rights land rights forest rights livelihood

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nucleotide Contribution to the Functioning of SERT, na/K ATPase and GPCR Proteins

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 61-76页

作者： Wynford Robert williams Faculty of Life Sciences & Education University of South Wales Cardiff UK

Purine nucleotides are crucial for the effective operation of cell membrane proteins maintaining the neurotransmitter responses of 5-HT. Major protein targets in the treatment of depression include SERT, n/K ATPase and GPCR. Each protein target is responsive to a specific complement of drugs: antidepressants (SERT), lithium and cardiogenic steroids (n/K ATPase), 5-HT receptor ligands (GPCR). Computational software is useful for comparing molecular similarity within ligand-ligand and ligand-nucleotide structures. Previous studies demonstrate that GPCR ligands of different pharmacologic classes display relative molecular similarity to nucleotide structures. The current study applies this methodology to compound structures modulating SERT and n/K ATPase receptors. Minimum energy conformers of SERT antagonists demonstrate relative molecular similarity to the structural template of GTP nucleotide. GTP template fits of 5-HT and psilocin are similar, whereas a SERT-like fit is one of several for the ketamine structure. Endogenous and pharmaceutical modulators of na/K ATPase relate to adenine nucleotide. The fits of cardiogenic steroids to a cGMP template demonstrate similarities and differences between compounds. Relative molecular similarity within the structures of hormones, drugs and nucleotides has implications for neurotransmitter transport and cell signal transduction processes.

关键词： SERT SSRI GPCR Sodium/Potassium ATPase nucleotides Depression

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Development and application of the diffusive gradients in thin films technique for in situ measurement of nitrate in soils

Development and application of the diffusive gradients in th...

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第六届全国环境化学大会暨环境科学仪器与分析仪器展览会

作者： Paul n.williams Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster University

nitrate is a reactive anion and the main source of nitrogen for plant uptake,yet its fast rate of turnover and rapid microbial and phyto-assimilation make nO-n cycling in situ difficult to characterise. Measurement of nO-n by the dynamic speciation technique diffusive gradients in thin films(DGT) was investigated using a new strong base anion exchange binding layer,SIR-100-HP. This commercially available styrene divinylbenzene based absorbent with amine function groups was cast into an agarose gel

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Assessment of the effectiveness of weight-adjusted antibiotic administration,for reduced duration,in surgical prophylaxis of primary hip and knee arthroplasty

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期15卷 170-179页

作者： Tosan Okoro Michael Wan Takura Darlington Mukabeta Ella Malev Marketa Gross Claudia williams Muhammad Manjra Jan Herman Kuiper John Murnaghan Department of Arthroplasty Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation TrustOswestry SY107AGUnited Kingdom School of Medicine Keele UniversityStaffordshire ST55BGUnited Kingdom St Joseph’s Health Centre Unity Health TorontoToronto M6R 1B5Canada Department of Arthroplasty The Royal London HospitalBarts Health NHS TrustLondon E11BBUnited Kingdom Department of Arthroplasty Sunnybrook Holland Orthopaedic and Arthritis CentreToronto M4Y 1H1Canada Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine Keele UniversityStaffordshire ST51BGUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUnD Prophylactic antibiotics have significantly led to a reduction in the risk of postoperative surgical site infections(SSI)in orthopaedic *** aim of using antibiotics for this purpose is to achieve serum and tissue drug levels that exceed,for the duration of the operation,the minimum inhibitory concentration of the likely organisms that are *** antibiotics reduce the rate of SSIs in lower limb arthroplasty from between 4%and 8%to between 1%and 3%.Controversy,however,still surrounds the optimal frequency and dosing of antibiotic *** To evaluate the impact of introduction of a weight-adjusted antibiotic prophylaxis regime,combined with a reduction in the duration of administration of post-operative antibiotics on SSI incidence during the 2 years following primary elective total hip and knee arthroplasty METHODS Following ethical approval,patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty(THA)/total knee arthroplasty(TKA)with the old regime(OR)of a preoperative dose[cefazolin 2 g intravenously(IV)],and two subsequent doses(2 h and 8 h),were compared to those after a change to a new regime(nR)of a weight-adjusted preoperative dose(cefazolin 2 g IV for patientsn 3g IV for patients>120 kg)and a post-operative dose at 2 *** primary outcome in both groups was SSI rates during the 2 years *** A total of n=1273 operations(THA n=534,TKA n=739)were performed in n=1264 *** was no statistically significant difference in the rate of deep(OR 0.74%(5/675)vs nR 0.50%(3/598);fishers exact test P=0.72),nor superficial SSIs(OR 2.07%(14/675)vs nR 1.50%(9/598);chi-squared test P=0.44)at 2 years *** propensity score weighting and an interrupted time series analysis,there was also no difference in SSI rates between both groups[RR 0.88(95%CI 0.61 to 1.30)P=0.46].COnCLUSIOn A weight-adjusted regime,with a reduction in number of post-operative doses had no adverse impact on S

关键词： Antibiotics Weight-adjusted Hip and knee arthroplasty Surgical site infection

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Structural and biomechanical characterizations of acellular porcine mitral valve scaffolds:anterior leaflets,posterior leaflets,and chordae tendineae

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Engineered Regeneration 2022年第4期3卷 374-386页

作者： Bo Wang Leslie n.Sierad Jeremy J.Mercuri Agneta Simionescu Dan T.Simionescu Lakiesha n.williams Ryan Vela Pietro Bajona Matthias Peltz Sharan Ramaswamy Yi Hong Jun Liao Department of Bioengineering University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTX 76010United States Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering Medical College of Wisconsin and Marquette UniversityMilwaukeeWI 53226United States Department of Bioengineering Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Florida International UniversityMiamiFL 33174United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611United States Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75390United States Allegheny Health network-Drexel University College of Medicine PittsburghPA 15212United States

Mitral valve(MV)tissue engineering is still in its early stage,and one major challenge in MV tissue engineering is to identify appropriate scaffold *** the potential of acellular MV scaffolds being demonstrated recently,it is important to have a full understanding of the biomechanics of the native MV components and their acellular *** this study,we have successfully characterized the structural and mechanical properties of porcine MV components,including anterior leaflet(AL),posterior leaflet(PL),strut chordae,and basal chordae,before and after *** DnA assay showed more than 90%reduction in DnA content,and Griffonia simplicifolia(GS)lectin immunohistochemistry confirmed the complete lack of porcine𝛼-Gal antigen in the acellular MV *** the acellular AL and PL,the atrialis,spongiosa,and fibrosa trilayered structure,along with its ECM constitutes,i.e.,collagen fibers,elastin fibers,and portion of GAGs,were ***-theless,the ECM of both AL and PL experienced a certain degree of disruption,exhibiting a less dense,porous ECM *** overall anatomical morphology of the strut and basal chordae were also maintained af-ter decellularization,with longitudinal morphology experiencing minimum disruption,but the cross-sectional morphology exhibiting evenly-distributed porous *** the acellular AL and PL,the nonlinear anisotropic biaxial mechanical behavior was overall preserved;however,uniaxial tensile tests showed that the removal of cellular content and the disruption of structural ECM did result in small decreases in maximum tensile modulus,tissue extensibility,failure stress,and failure strain for both MV leaflets and chordae.

关键词： Mitral valve tissue engineering Heart valve biomechanics Valve leaflets Chordae tendineae Decellularization

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从热电厂烟道气中脱除和回收 SO2

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浙江化工 1973年第6期 71-77页

作者： n.williams 浙江省化工研究所情报室

美国首先发明“开美科”操作法(Chemico-Vertfahren),它用 MgO 浆状水悬浮液净化烧煤或烧油的发电厂中含 SO2的烟道气。脱硫与除尘在文丘里——洗涤塔中进行,其压力损失较低,可脱除 SO290％以上。如使10—15％的悬浮液呈碱性,可达最佳... 详细信息

美国首先发明“开美科”操作法(Chemico-Vertfahren),它用 MgO 浆状水悬浮液净化烧煤或烧油的发电厂中含 SO2的烟道气。脱硫与除尘在文丘里——洗涤塔中进行,其压力损失较低,可脱除 SO290％以上。如使10—15％的悬浮液呈碱性,可达最佳效果。所生成的MgSO3经干燥后进行热分介,分介出的 MgO 回入循环系统。焙烧气体中 SO2含量较高,可经济的供应一个硫酸厂。不久前在美国麻萨诸塞州波士顿的一个热电厂(其功率为150千瓩,以油为燃料)建成第一套按此法操作的设备,单级式的洗涤塔每小时可净化755000米~3烟道气,脱除 SO2大约90％。现已计划在美国其他热电厂中按装这种设备。用 MgO 从废气中脱除 SO2的技术首先在造纸及纤维素工业中发展起来。1874年瑞典化学家 C.D.爱克曼在贝克维克一家纤维素工厂第一次应用 MgO 脱硫。1936年 G.H.汤姆林逊发现加热 MgSO3时生成 MgO 放出 SO2。

关键词：烟道气脱除 SO2 操作法文丘里洗涤湿式收尘热电厂发电厂 MgO 脱硫化工单元操作悬浮液流动床

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利用多模式对中国气温序列中不连续点的检测

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气候与环境研究 2005年第4期10卷 736-742页

作者：李庆祥 Matthew J.Menne Claude n.williams Jr Bomin Sun 中国气象局气候研究开放实验室中国气象局国家气象信息中心北京100081 nOAA/national Climatic Data Center 151 Patton Ave.AshevilleNC 28801

发展了一种对元数据依赖程度较小的气候序列均一化思路,在缺乏元数据的基础上,采取3种不同的方法,对中国东南部地区年平均最高、最低气温序列进行了均一性检验;并对其中不连续的气温序列进行了订正。对比表明,订正后序列较订正前更为合... 详细信息

发展了一种对元数据依赖程度较小的气候序列均一化思路,在缺乏元数据的基础上,采取3种不同的方法,对中国东南部地区年平均最高、最低气温序列进行了均一性检验;并对其中不连续的气温序列进行了订正。对比表明,订正后序列较订正前更为合理。在检验过程中发现,对于最低气温检验可以明显得出比最高气温更多的不连续点。为了进一步认识这个问题,对此进行了进一步分析,认为最低温度对变化更为敏感主要是由于其物理特征最低温度一般出现在夜间,夜间大气较为稳定,因此一些变化(如仪器,迁站)可能引起明显的不连续现象,而最高气温往往出现在白天,因此大气混合比较充分,空间的均一性要明显强于最低温度。另外,热岛现象、台站密度等因素均是影响气温序列均一化的因素。

关键词：气温序列极端气温均一化

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A chromosome-scale genome assembly of Rauvolfia tetraphylla facilitates identification of the complete ajmaline biosynthetic pathway

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Plant Communications 2024年第4期5卷 129-132页

作者： Enzo Lezin Ines Carqueijeiro Clement Cuello Mickael Durand Hans JJansen Valentin Verges Caroline Birer williams Audrey Oudin Thomas Duge de Bernonville Julien Petrignet noemie Celton Benoit St-Pierre nicolas Papon Chao Sun Ron P.Dirks Sarah Ellen O’Connor Michael Krogh Jensen Sebastien Besseau Vincent Courdavault Biomole´cules et Biotechnologies Vegetales EA2106Universite´de Tours37200 ToursFrance Future Genomics Technologies 2333 BE Leidenthe Netherlands Laboratoire Synthe se et Isolement de Molecules BioActives(SIMBA EA 7502)Universitede Tours37200 ToursFrance Laboratoire de Cytoge´netique Constitutionnelle CHRU de Tours-Hopital Bretonneau37044 ToursFrance University Angers University BrestIRFSFR ICAT49000 AngersFrance Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 2800China Department of natural Product Biosynthesis Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology07745 JenaGermany novo nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability Technical University of Denmark100193 Kgs LyngbyDenmark Present address:Limagrain Center de RechercheRoute d’EnnezatChappesFrance These authors contributed equally to this article

Dear Editor,Rauvolfia tetraphylla(aka the Devil pepper)(Supplemental Figure 1)is a well-known medicinal plant that produces monoterpenoid indole alkaloids(MIAs).This MIA biosynthesis occurs in several organs,including leaves,stems,fruit,and roots,which accumulate the famous antiarrhythmic ajmaline(Kumar et al.2016a,2016b;Kumara et al.,2019).MIAs are natural products notably involved in plant adaptation to the environment and defense against *** mainly results from their high biological activities,which also explain their pharmacological properties.

关键词： properties. Figure roots

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