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BME 2.0: Engineering the Future of Medicine

Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2023年第1期4卷 217-227页

作者： Michael I.Miller Andrew O.Brightman Frederick H.Epstein KJane Grande-Allen Jordan J.Green Eileen Haase Cato T.Laurencin Elizabeth Logsdon feilim mac.gabhann Brenda Ogle Chun Wang George R.Wodicka Raimond L.Winslow Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Biomedical Engineering University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVAUSA Department of Bioengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTXUSA Department of Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of ConnecticuttStorrsCTUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesMinneapolisMNUSA

If the 20th century was the age of mapping and controlling the external world,the 21st century is the biomedical age of mapping and controlling the biological internal *** biomedical age is bringing new technological breakthroughs for sensing and controlling human biomolecules,cells,tissues,and organs,which underpin new frontiers in the biomedical discovery,data,biomanufacturing,and translational *** article reviews what we believe will be the next wave of biomedical engineering(BME)education in support of the biomedical age,what we have termed BME *** 2.0 was announced on October 122017 at BMES 49(https://***/news-events/news/miller-opens-2017-bmes-annual-meeting-with-vision-for-new-bme-era/).We present several principles upon which we believe the BME 2.0 curriculum should be constructed,and from these principles,we describe what view as the foundations that form the next generations of curricula in support of the BME *** core principles of BME 2.0 education are(a)educate students bilingually,from day 1,in the languages of modern molecular biology and the analytical modeling of complex biological systems;(b)prepare every student to be a biomedical data scientist;(c)build a unique BME community for discovery and innovation via a vertically integrated and convergent learning environment spanning the university and hospital systems;(d)champion an educational culture of inclusive excellence;and(e)codify in the curriculum ongoing discoveries at the frontiers of the discipline,thus ensuring BME 2.0 as a launchpad for training the future leaders of the biotechnology *** envision that the BME 2.0 education is the path for providing every student with the training to lead in this new era of engineering the future of medicine in the 21st century.

关键词： organs education frontier

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Development of a portable reference aerosol generator （PRAG） for calibration of particle mass concentration measurements

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Particuology 2018年第2期16卷 134-142页

作者： Francois Gaie-Levrel Soleiman Bourrous Tatiana macé Laboratoire national de metrologie et d'essais (LNE) Chemistry and Biology Division Gas and Aerosol Metrology Department I Rue Caston Boissier 75724 Paris Cedex 15 France Institut de Radioprotection et de SUreté Nucleaire (LRSN) PSNRES SCA Gif-sur-Yvette 91192 France

The tapered element oscillating microbalance with filter dynamics measurement system （TEOM-FDMS） is an instrument commonly employed by the French air quality monitoring network. This instrument is currently calibrated with calibration weights traceable to SI but having value and mass differences between each of them that are not representative of real atmospheric particle mass measurements. Moreover, these calibration weights do not allow detection of any technical problems associated with either the TEOM-FDMS sampling system upstream of the mass measurement or the intrinsic TEOM-FDMS filtration system. Therefore, a calibration method was developed using a portable reference aerosol generator （PRAG） that produces known and stable particle mass concentrations over time. Here, we present the characterization of the PRAG system in terms of a reference range of particle masses between 30 - 10 and 3456 ± 83 μg at three sampling times. Its coupling with the TEOM-FDMS and a global comparison between the defined reference range of particle masses and the measured masses obtained with each TEOM-FDMS implicated in this study are also presented.

关键词： Aerosol Generator Mass concentration Particulate mass Calibration TEOM-FDMS

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Parametric study of turbine NGV blade lean and vortex design

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2016年第1期29卷 104-116页

作者： Zhang Shaowen David G.mac Manus Luo Jianqiao Department of Turbine Design China Aviation Powerplant Research Institute AVIC School of Aerospace Transport and Manufacturing Cranfield University

The effects of blade lean and vortex design on the aerodynamics of a turbine entry nozzle guide vane （NGV） are considered using computational fluid dynamics. The aim of the work is to address some of the uncertainties which have arisen from previous studies where conflicting results have been reported for the effect on the NGV. The configuration was initially based on the energy efficient engine turbine which also served as the validation case for the computational method. A total of 17 NGV configurations were evaluated to study the effects of lean and vortex design on row efficiency and secondary kinetic energy. The distribution of mass flow ratio is introduced as an additional factor in the assessment of blade lean effects. The results show that in the turbine entry NGV, the secondary flow strength is not a dominant factor that determines NGV losses and therefore the changes of loading distribution due to blade lean and the associated loss mecha- nisms should be regarded as a key factor. Radial mass flow redistribution under different NGV lean and twist is demonstrated as an addition key factor influencin~ row efficiency.

关键词： Blade lean Losses Mass flow radial distribu-tion Parametric study Secondary kinetic energy Turbine Vortex design

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Phytochemistry, anti-asthmatic and antioxidant activities of Anchomanes difformis(Blume) Engl. leaf extract

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第3期6卷 225-231页

作者： Ovuakporie-Uvo Oghale mac Donald Idu Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology University of Benin

Objective: To study the phytochemistry, anti-asthmatic and antioxidant activities of the aqueous leaf extract of Anchomanes difformis(Blume) Engl.(A. difformis) and to verify claims of use in folk ***: For anti-asthmatic activity, male and female guinea pigs with average body weight of(451.4 ± 118.1) g were divided into six groups of six animals each. Group 1served as control(distilled water); Group 2 was administered with salbutamol(reference drug) only; Group 3 served as ovalbumin sensitized group, Group 4, 5 and 6 were treated with A. difformis extract at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. Described methods were used to test fluid viscosity, fluid volume and quantitative phytochemistry analysis. Absorbance was read using a UV–Vis spectrophotometer and results computed in percentage. Total antioxidant assays [2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) and lipid peroxidation assay], were carried out using reported ***: The anti-asthmatic evaluation showed that protection from asthma of the animals in Group 6(400 mg/kg, 32.7%) were similar to that in Group 2(salbutamol, 33.0%).Excised trachea was free of mucus secretion in Group 5(200 mg/kg) as was observed in the control group. Fluid volume increase in Groups 3 and 6 indicated mucus *** radical scavenging activity of extract was effective as ascorbic acid which served as standard at 20 mg/m L. But, the extract elicited low lipid peroxidation activity compared with the reference(tocopherol) at concentrations ***: A. difformis aqueous leaf extract is safe and possesses positive antiasthmatic and antioxidant activities as claimed by traditional herbal practitioners in Delta State.

关键词： Anti-asthmatic Anti-oxidant Phytochemistry Anchomanes difformis

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A comprehensive approach for assessing the economic contribution of forage and livestock improvement options to smallholder farming enterprises

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第8期14卷 1573-1580页

作者： Neil mac Leod Scott Waldron WEN Shi-lin Agriculture Flagship Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) University of Queensland Red Soils Experimental Station Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The importance of livestock production activities to improving the livelihoods of smallholder farming households and the efficiency of their underlying farming systems is increasingly recognized.A rapid increase in livestock numbers, especially beef cattle, and special purpose forages is being promoted for smallholder farms which have traditionally undertaken subsistence cropping activities or simple livestock rearing activities using low quality *** limited plantings of specialized forages combined with a poor knowledge of animal nutrition are a challenge to establishing sustainable livestock enterprises, much public policy and research is now being focused on the use of new forages and improved feeding practices.A number of economic studies have suggested that specialized forage growing and livestock feeding activities can make a positive contribution to smallholder *** studies have typically compared the total level of farm or household income with and without livestock *** attention is given to how much the new forage or livestock activities actually contribute to or draw resources from other farm activities to assess their real economic contribution to the enterprise, and the availability of simple tools to assist in making such assessments are *** paper describes a simple modelling approach that was developed for an Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research（ACIAR）-supported project to explore the real as opposed to apparent economic impact of integrating improved forages and livestock within smallholder farming systems in the Red Soils region of south-central *** of the model is demonstrated using a simple case study of a smallholder enterprise that plans to introduce a new beef cattle rearing activity to its existing farm activity *** case study highlights the importance of explicitly valuing transfers of resources between different farm activities to gauge the real contribution o

关键词： smallholder farming systems economics resource transfers opportunity costs economic profit

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Estimation of Equivalent Model of Photovoltaic Array Using Unscented Kalman Filters

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 819-827页

作者： M.A.González-Cagigal JoséA.Rosendo-macías A.Gómez-Expósito the Department of Electrical Engineering University of SevilleSpainand A.Gómez-Expósito is also with ENGREEN Laboratory of Engineering for Energy and Environmental SustainabilitySevilleSpain

This paper proposes the use of the unscented Kalman filter to estimate the equivalent model of a photovoltaic(PV)array,using external measurements of current and voltage at the inverter *** estimated model is of interest to predict the power output of PV plants,in both planning and operation scenarios,and thus improves the efficient operation of power systems with high penetration of renewable *** proposed technique has been assessed in several simulated scenarios under different operating *** results show that accurate estimates are provided for the model parameters,even in the presence of measurement noise and abrupt variations under the external conditions.

关键词： Equivalent model parameter estimation photovoltaic energy unscented Kalman filter

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Comparison of Laparoscopic Versus Open Gastrectomy with D2 Lymph Node Dissection for Advanced Gastric Cancer: a Meta-analysis

Comparison of Laparoscopic Versus Open Gastrectomy with D2 L...

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作者： mac SANDRIE MARIELLA 重庆医科大学

学位级别：硕士

For many decades,D2 procedure has been accepted in Far East as the standard treatment for both early(EGC)and advanced gastric cancer(AGC).In case of AGC,the debate on the extent of nodal dissection has been open for many years in order to highlight the safety and efficacy of treatment,hence this study.A comprehensive literature research was performed in PubMed to identify studies that compared laparoscopic-assisted gastrectomy(LAG)and open gastrectomy(OG)with D2 lymph node dissection(D2-LND)for treatment of AGC for the last five *** of interest were checked and subjected to meta-analysis with RevMan 5.3 *** pooled risk ratios(RR)and weighted mean difference(WMD)with 95%confidence intervals(CI)were ***,19 studies were included in this *** had some advantages over OG,including shorter hospitalization(WMD-2.31;95%CI-4.09 to-0.53;P = 0.01),less blood loss(WMD-120.49;95%CI-174.27 to-66.71;P<0.01),faster bowel recovery(WMD-0.55;95%CI-0.86 to-0.24;P 0.01)and earlier ambulation(WMD-0.75;95%CI-1.38 to-0.11;P = 0.02).In terms of surgical and oncological safety,LG could achieve similar lymph nodes(WMD,-0.94,95%CI,-2.95 to 1.06;P＝0.36),a lower complication rate[odds ratio(OR),0.80;95%CI 0.68,0.97;P = 0.02],and overall survival(OS)and disease-free survival(DFS)comparable to *** conclusion:for AGCs,both techniques(LAG and OG)appeared comparable in short-and long-term *** time was needed to perform LAG;nonetheless,it had some advantages in achieving faster postoperative recovery over *** order to clarify this controversial issue ongoing trials and future studies are needed.

关键词： Advanced gastric cancer Laparoscopic gastrectomy Open gastrectomy D2 lymph node dissection meta-analysis

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Graphical method based on modified maximum force criterion to indicate forming limit curves of 22MnB5 boron steel sheets at elevated temperatures

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2021年第8期28卷 1009-1018页

作者： Thanh Luyen Quoc-Tuan Pham Thi-Bich mac Tien-Long Banh Duc-Toan Nguyen Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Hungyen University of Technology and EducationHungyen 160000Vietnam Division of Computational Mathematics and Engineering Institute for Computational ScienceTon Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh City 70000Vietnam Faculty of Civil Engineering Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh City 70000Vietnam School of Mechanical Engineering Hanoi University of Science and TechnologyHanoi City 100000Vietnam

A new approach for predicting forming limit curves(FLCs)at elevated temperatures was proposed *** are often used to predict failure and determine the optimal forming parameters of automotive ***,a graphical method based on a modified maximum force criterion was applied to estimate the FLCs of 22MnB5 boron steel sheets at room temperature using various hardening ***,the predicted FLC data at room temperature were compared with corresponding data obtained from Nakazima's tests to obtain the best *** estimate the FLC at elevated temperatures,tensile tests were conducted at various temperatures to determine the ratios of equivalent fracture strains between the corresponding elevated temperatures and room *** at elevated temperatures could be established based on obtained ***,the predicted FLCs at elevated temperatures did not agree well with the corresponding FLC experimental data of Zhou et al.A new method was proposed herein to improve the prediction of FLCs at elevated *** FLC calculated at room tem-perature was utilized to predict the failure of Nakazima's samples via finite element *** on the simulation results at room temperature,the mathematical relationships between the equivalent ductile fracture strain versus stress triaxiality and strain ratio were established and then combined with ratios between elevated and room temperatures to calculate the FLCs at different *** predicted FLCs at elevated temperatures agree well with the corresponding experimental FLC data.

关键词： Forming limit curve Modified maximum force criterion Graphical method Hardening law Finite element method Boron steel sheet Elevated temperature

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Parameter Estimation for Hot-spot Thermal Model of Power Transformers Using Unscented Kalman Filters

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第2期11卷 634-642页

作者： MiguelÁngel González-Cagigal JoséAntonio Rosendo-macías Antonio Gómez-Expósito Department of Electrical Engineering University of SevilleSevilleSpain ENGREEN Laboratory of Engineering for Energy and Environmental Sustainability SevilleSpain

This paper presents a parameter estimation technique for the hot-spot thermal model of power *** proposed technique is based on the unscented formulation of the Kalman filter,jointly considering the state variables and parameters of the dynamic thermal model.A two-stage estimation technique that takes advantage of different loading conditions is developed,in order to increase the number of parameters which can be *** results are presented,which show that the observable parameters are estimated with an error of less than 3%.The parameter estimation procedure is mainly intended for factory testing,allowing the manufacturer to enhance the thermal model of power transformers and,therefore,its customers to increase the lifetime of these *** proposed technique could be additionally considered in field applications if the necessary temperature measurements are available.

关键词： Parameter estimation power transformer unscented Kalman filter thermal model

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Recovery of Collembola in Pinus tabulaeformis Plantations

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Pedosphere 2017年第1期27卷 129-137页

作者： CHANG Liang WANG Baifeng LIU Xianghui mac A.CALLAHAM Jr. GE Feng State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences USDA Forest ServiceSouthern Research StationCenter for Forest Disturbance Science

Large areas of forest plantations have been developed in China. It is important to evaluate the soil fauna in plantations and the conditions needed for their recovery in view of the large areas of plantations in China. Three Pinus tabulaeformis forests, a 26-year-old plantation （P26） and a 45-year-old plantation （P45）, exposed to clear-cutting before plantation, and an 80 260-year-old natural forest （N260）, were chosen to study the effects of different forest ages/types on Collembola community in the lifter and soil layers during 2008 and 2009. Soil conditions in P26 and P45 were significantly deteriorated when compared to N260. A higher value of soil bulk density and lower values of soil organic matter, soil N, litter depth, soil pH, and soil water content were observed in P26 and P45. Totally, the same genera of Collembola tended to occur in the forests of all ages studied; however, the Collembola community structure was significantly impacted by the differences in forest age. Both in the litter and soil layers, the density and generic richness of the Collembola were the highest in N260 and the lowest in P26. Some collembolan groups were sensitive to soil conditions in particular forest ages. N260 was associated with relatively high abundance of Plutomus collembolans and P45 with relatively high abundance of Pseudofolsomia collembolans. The canonical correspondence analysis showed that the community structure of Collembola was mainly affected by forest age in both litter and soil layer. The ordination analysis of non-metric multidimensional scaling also found that the Collembola community did not recover to the level of natural forests in 26-year regeneration after clear-cutting. Even in 45-year regeneration after clear-cutting, the Collembola community only showed a slight recovery to the level of natural forests. Our results clearly showed that both Collembola community and soil conditions did not recover in 26- and 45-year regeneration after clear-cutting in P.

关键词： community structure forest age litter layer soil conditions soil fauna soil layer

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