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Diagnosis and Management of Childhood Tuberculosis: A Cross-Sectional Study of Practices in Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第2期12卷 57-72页

作者： Khalid Mahmood Razia fatima Aashifa Yaqoob Faheem Jan Zia Samad Mahboob Ul Haq National Tuberculosis Control Program Islamabad Pakistan

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major killer diseases among infectious diseases. The success of TB control depends on the capability of the health care system to detect and accurately manage TB cases. Tuberculosis in children remained a low public health priority with limited epidemiologic studies. Struggles for TB control in children need to be enhanced as children are providing the reservoir for future cases to develop. Objectives: The study evaluated diagnostic and treatment practices related to childhood pulmonary tuberculosis in Gilgit Baltistan (GB), Pakistan. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study based on retrospective record review of childhood Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients registered in the year 2020 with self-administered questionnaire. Results: Data of 557 childhood cases were collected. Most childhood cases were in age group 1 - 4 years (54%) with male predominance. More than 90% were diagnosed and treated at public sector facilities. 99% of the cases were clinically diagnosed with passive case finding. Cough was considered as a symptom of childhood Tuberculosis (TB) by 94% of physicians. Other important features included failure to thrive (13%), contact with a family history of TB (15%), Malnutrition(24%) and respiratory signs (21%). 99% physicians advised chest X-ray, Complete blood count (CBC) (95%) and Erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR) (72%) for diagnosis and fewer physicians (2%) used sputum smear microscopy and induced sputum (0.1%). Combining data on dosage, frequency and duration for drugs, 99% of the cases were found receiving correct regimen. The treatment outcomes of the cases were cured 4 (0.8%), treatment completed 551 (99.3%) and died 2 (0.4%) with no lost to follow up. Conclusions: The study highlights inappropriate diagnostic and treatment practices for managing childhood pulmonary TB among physicians in public and private sectors of Gilgit Baltistan. Most of the cases are managed by general practitioners with no

关键词： Childhood Tuberculosis Management Respiratory Signs

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In-depth analysis of Bt cotton adoption:farmers'opinions,genetic landscape,and varied perspectives——a case study from Pakistan

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第3期7卷 277-288页

作者： SHAHZAD Rahil JAMIL Shakra CHAUDHRY Urooj fatima RAHMAN Sajid Ur IQBAL Muhammad Zaffar Genetically Modified Organisms Development and Testing Laboratory Agricultural Biotechnology Research InstituteAyub Agricultural Research InstituteFaisalabadPunjab 38000Pakistan Centre of Excellence for Olive Research and Trainings(CEFORT) BaraniAgricultural Research InstituteChakwalPunjabPakistan

Background Bt technology has played significant role in controlling bollworms and increasing cotton yield in earlier days of its introduction,a subsequent decline in yield became apparent over *** decline may be attributed to various environmental factors,pest dynamics,or combination of ***,the present biophysical survey and questionnaire were designed to evaluate the impact of Bt cotton on bollworms management and its effect on reducing spray costs,targeting farmers with varied landholdings and educational ***,data on farmers'cultivated varieties and the prevalence of bollworms and sucking insects in their fields were ***,about eleven thousand cotton samples from farmer fields were tested for Cry1Ac,Cry2Ab and Vip3A genes by strip *** In this analysis,83% of the farmers planting approved varieties believe that Bt technology control bollworms,while 17% hold contradictory ***,among farmers cultivating unapproved varieties,77% agree on effectiveness of Bt technology against bollworms,while 23% *** the other hand,67% of farmers planting approved varieties believe that Bt technology does not reduce spray costs,while 33% agree with the ***,78% of farmers cultivating unapproved varieties express doubt regarding its role to reduce spray costs,while 22% are in favour of this *** in opinions on the effectiveness of Bt cotton in controlling bollworms and reducing spray cost between farmers planting unapproved and approved varieties may stem from several *** major cause is the heavy infestation of sucking insects,which is probably due to the narrow genetic variation of the cultivated ***,the widespread cultivation of unapproved varieties(21.67%)is also an important factor to cause different opinions on the effectiveness of Bt *** Based on our findings,we propose that the ineffective control of pests on cotton crop may

关键词： Bollworms Cry1Ac Cry2Ab Cotton Farmer's perception Purposive sampling Sucking insects Unapproved varieties Vip3A

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Systemic Inflammation Response Index and weight loss as prognostic factors in metastatic pancreatic cancer: A concept study from the PANTHEIA-SEOM trial

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第2期16卷 386-397页

作者： Vilma Pacheco-Barcia Sara Custodio-Cabello fatima Carrasco-Valero Magda Palka-Kotlowska Axel Mariño-Mendez Alberto Carmona-Bayonas Javier Gallego A J Muñoz Martín Paula Jimenez-Fonseca Luis Cabezon-Gutierrez Department of Medical Oncology Hospital Universitario de TorrejonMadrid 28850Spain Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Universitario de TorrejonMadrid 28850Spain Department of Medical Oncology Hospital Universitario Central de AsturiasOviedo 33011Spain Department of Medical Oncology Hospital Universitario Morales MeseguerUniversity of MurciaMurcia 30001Spain Department of Medical Oncology Hospital General Universitario de ElcheElche 03202Spain Department of Medical Oncology Hospital General Universitario Gregorio MarañónUniversidad Complutense MadridMadrid 28007Spain Universidad Francisco de Vitoria Madrid 28223Spain

BACKGROUND The prognostic value of the Systemic Inflammation Response Index(SIRI)in advanced pancreatic cancer is recognized,but its correlation with patients´nutritional status and outcomes remains *** To study the prognostic significance of SIRI and weight loss in metastatic pancreatic *** The PANTHEIA-Spanish Society of Medical Oncology(SEOM)study is a multicentric(16 Spanish hospitals),observational,longitudinal,non-interventional initiative,promoted by the SEOM Real World-Evidence work *** pilot study sought to analyze the association between weight loss and inflammatory status as defined by *** cohort stems from a proof-of-concept pilot study conducted at one of the coordinating *** with pathologically confirmed metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma,treated from January 2020 to January 2023,were *** index was calculated using the product of neutrophil and monocyte counts,divided by lymphocyte counts,obtained within 15 days before initiation *** study evaluated associations between overall survival(OS),SIRI and weight *** A total of 50 patients were included.66%of these patients were male and the median age was 66 *** sites:36%liver,12%peritoneal carcinomatosis,10%lung,and 42%multiple *** the first line palliative chemotherapy treatments:50%received gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel;28%,modified fluorouracil,leucovorin,irinotecan and oxaliplatin,and 16%were administered gemcitabine.42%had a weight loss>5%in the three months(mo)preceding diagnosis.21 patients with a SIRI≥2.3×10^(3)/L exhibited a trend towards a lower median OS compared to those with a SIRI5%weight loss before diagnosis,the median OS was 6 mo,in contrast to 19 mo for those who did not experience such weight loss(P=0.003).Patients with a weight loss>5%showed higher SIRI *** difference was statistically significant(P<0.000).For pat

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Nutrition Prognostic factor Inflammation Advanced cancer Systemic inflammatory response index Weight loss

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Survey of current practices in the management of cervical cancer by Moroccan radiotherapists

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Radiation Medicine and Protection 2024年第2期5卷 124-130页

作者： Bouchra Amaoui Slimane Semghouli Hanane El Kacemi Issam Lalya Nadia Benchekroune fatima Safini Sanae Abbaoui Biotechnology and Medicine(BioMed)Laboratory Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyIbn Zohr UniversityAgadirMorocco Souss Massa University Hospital Center AgadirMorocco Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques AgadirMorocco Mohammed-V University RabatMorocco National Institute of Oncology(INO) RabatMorocco Mohammed-V Military Instruction Hospital RabatMorocco Hassan II University CasablancaMorocco Mohammed VI Oncology Center-Casablanca University Hospital CasablancaMorocco Regional Oncology Center AgadirMorocco

Objective:To assess the applicability degree of the international guidelines by Moroccan radiotherapists,in order to improve the management of cervical cancer(CC),since CC is the second most common cancer for women in ***:This cross-sectional study was carried out using a questionnaire sent online to Moroccan *** questionnaire covered participants'characteristics,initial assessment and treatment preparation,techniques and indications for radiotherapy and brachytherapy,dose and indications,as well as on the protocol adopted in the intermediate stages and the location of adjuvant treatments and assessments'***:74 radiotherapists out of 300 have responded to the *** 27.0%of practitioners reported discussing patient records systematically in a multidisciplinary consultation meeting(MCM).For the initial assessment,77.0%requested pelvic magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).It is significantly less requested in regional oncology centers(ROCs)than in university hospital centers(UHCs)or the private sector(P<0.001).Furthermore,Clinicians in ROCs do not have access to new techniques of *** 83.8%of cases,the most prescribed radiotherapy protocols were 45–46 Gy in 1.8–2 Gy per ***-dimensional gynaecological brachytherapy high-throughput dose guided by dosimetric scanner was available in 75.5%of structures while interstitial gynaecological brachytherapy was only available in 23%of *** two most prescribed dose protocols were 47 Gy and 37 Gy in 74.4%and 21.6%of cases,***,monitoring during the first two years was based mainly on pelvic MRI(82.2%)while PET/CT was recommended by only less than 10%.Conclusions:The findings obtained show that our radiotherapists generally comply with international guidelines for the cervical cancer ***,they should still enhance their practices for the first staging evaluation,the use of systematic MCMs,the doses and treatment techniques used,and

关键词： Radiotherapy Brachytherapy Cervical cancer Morocco

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Immobilization techniques for beverage production using yeast cell systems: challenges, types, and future perspectives - a mini review

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Food and Health 2024年第4期6卷 27-38页

作者： Syed Sib Tul Hassan Shah Iqra Naeem Aimen Naeem Nabeel Khalid Bhutta fatima Noor Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation College of Life Sciences and MedicineZhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China School of Biological Sciences University of the PunjabLahorePakistan Laboratory of Anti-allergic Functional Molecules College of Life Sciences and MedicineZhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310018China Department of Zoology Government College UniversityFaisalabadPunjabPakistan

Yeast immobilization is a process of physical entrapment of yeast cells using different techniques while maintaining their biological *** fermentation systems have significant advantages over conventional *** highlights that immobilized yeast cell systems have several benefits as compared to free yeast *** immobilized yeast cell systems improve fermentation rates,especially when paired with continuous fermentation and appropriate immobilization *** various immobilization techniques,continuous fermentation processes,yeast metabolic activity related to beverage flavor production,and bioreactor designs is vital for optimizing the use of immobilized yeast cells systems on industrial *** review provides an overview of recent basic research on immobilized yeast cell systems,with a focus on continuous beverage *** this study,different reactor configurations and immobilization techniques are *** study focus on the impacts of immobilization on the yeast cells,and discuss the recent advancements in these *** review concludes with a discussion on the practical applications of immobilized yeast cells and continuous fermentation in beverage production.

关键词： Yeast Cell System Beverages Continuous Fermentation Microbial System

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Kostmann’s Neutropenia: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期14卷 869-872页

作者： Khaoula Achir Ilham Tadmori Mounia Lakhdar Idrissi fatima Zahra Souilmi Mohamed Hbibi Moustapha Hida Pediatric Department of CHU Hassan II in Fez Fez Morocco

Kostmann syndrome, or severe congenital neutropenia, is a rare condition in children marked by a neutrophil count of less than 500/mm3. This congenital agranulocytosis, an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, is often first identified by a neonatal infectious syndrome. The deficiency in neutrophils increases susceptibility to bacterial and fungal infections. Prior to the availability of hematopoietic growth factors, the disease was associated with significant morbidity and early mortality. We present the case of a 17-month-old boy who was admitted to the pediatric emergency department at Hassan II University Hospital in Fes with skin abscesses.

关键词： Kostmann Syndrome Severe Congenital Neutropenia Skin Abscesses

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Prostaglandin E1 administration post liver transplantation and renal outcomes:A retrospective single center experience

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第4期14卷 101-109页

作者： Vinay Jahagirdar Mohamed Ahmed Ifrah fatima Hassam Ali Laura Alba John H Helzberg Lee S Cummings Matthew Wilkinson Jameson Forster Alisa Likhitsup Department of Internal Medicine Saint Luke’s Health System of Kansas City and the University of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64111United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Division of Internal Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologySaint Luke’s Health System of Kansas City and University of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64111United States Department of Surgery University of Missouri-Kansas City and Transplant SurgerySaint Luke’s Hospital of Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64111United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109United States

BACKGROUND Prostaglandin E1(PGE1),or alprostadil,is a potent vasodilator that improves hepatic blood flow and reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury post-liver transplantation(LT).However,the benefits of PGE1 on renal function after LT have not yet been well *** To assess the impact of PGE1 administration on renal function in patients who underwent liver or liver-kidney *** This retrospective study included all patients who underwent liver or liverkidney transplant at our institution from January,2011 to December,*** were classified based on whether they received ***1 was administered post-LT to those with transaminases>1000 U/L in the immediate postoperative ***,post-LT treatments and/or complications,renal function,and survival were *** logistic regression analysis was performed,and a two-tailed P value<0.05 was considered statistically *** A total of 145 patients underwent LT,with 44(30%)receiving *** patient characteristics were comparable,except the PGE1 group had significantly higher aspartate aminotransferase(AST)(1961.9 U/L±1862.3 U/L vs 878 U/L±741.4 U/L,P=0.000),alanine aminotransferase(1070.6 U/L±895 U/L vs 547.7 U/L±410 U/L,P=0.000),international normalized ratio on post-LT day 1(2±0.74 vs 1.8±0.4,P=0.03),a longer intensive care unit stay(8.1 days±11.8 days vs 3.8 days±4.6 days,P=0.003),more vasopressor use(55.53 hours±111 hours vs 16.33 hours±26.3 hours,P=0.002),and higher immediate postoperative complications(18.6%vs 4.9%,P=0.04).The PGE1 group also had a significantly higher 90-day readmission rate(29.6%vs 13.1%,P=0.02)and lower 1-year liver graft survival(87.5%vs 98.9%,P=0.005).However,30-day readmission(31.6%vs 27.4%,P=0.64),LT complications(hepatic artery thrombosis,biliary complications,rejection of liver graft,cardiomyopathy),1-year patient survival(96.9%vs 97.8%,P=0.77),overall liver graft survival,and overall patient survival were similar between t

关键词： Liver transplantation Alprostadil Protective agents Transplant Prostaglandin E1

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Global trends in hepatitis C-related hepatocellular carcinoma mortality:A public database analysis(1999-2019)

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第1期13卷 69-83页

作者： Hassam Ali Fnu Vikash Vishali Moond fatima Khalid Abdur Rehman Jamil Dushyant Singh Dahiya Amir Humza Sohail Manesh Kumar Gangwani Pratik Patel Sanjaya K Satapathy Department of Internal Medicine/Gastroenterology East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Department of Internal Medicine Jacobi Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNY 10461United States Department of Internal Medicine Saint Peter's University Hospital/Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNJ 08901United States Department of Internal Medicine Quaid-e-Azam Medical CollegeBahawalpur 63100PunjabPakistan Department of Internal Medicine Samaritan Medical CentreWatertownMA 13601United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States Department of Surgery New York University Winthrop HospitalNew YorkMineloaNY 11501United States Department of Internal Medicine The University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States Department of Gastroenterology Mather Hospital/Hofstra University Zucker School of MedicineNY 11777United States Division of Hepatology Department of MedicineNorth Shore University HospitalManhassetNY 11030United States

BACKGROUND Hepatitis C is the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide and it significantly contributes to the burden of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,there are marked variations in the incidence and mortality rates of HCC across different geographical *** the advent of new widely available treatment modalities,such as direct-acting antivirals,it is becoming increasingly imperative to understand the temporal and geographical trends in HCC mortality associated with Hepatitis ***,gender disparities in HCC mortality related to Hepatitis C are a crucial,yet underexplored aspect that adds to the disease's global *** some studies shed light on gender-specific trends,there is a lack of comprehensive data on global and regional mortality rates,particularly those highlighting gender *** gap in knowledge hinders the development of targeted interventions and resource allocation *** The results of our study show an overall decline in the mortality rates of patients with hepatitis C-related HCC over the last two ***,females exhibited a remarkable decrease in mortality compared to ***,East Asia and the Pacific displayed a significant decline in mortality,while Europe and Central Asia witnessed an upward *** America and the Caribbean also experienced an increase in mortality ***,no significant difference was observed in the Middle East and North *** America exhibited a notable upward *** Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa significantly declined throughout the study *** raises the hope of identifying areas for implementing more targeted *** some progress,multiple challenges remain in meeting the WHO 2030 goal of eliminating viral hepatitis[24].

关键词： Carcinoma Hepatocellular Antiviral agents Global Burden of Disease Quality indicators Health care Liver neoplasms Hepatitis C Chronic hepatitis C

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Assessment of Breast Cancer Prevention Practices among Women Attending Primary Health Care in Abha City, Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2024年第2期15卷 31-54页

作者： Sabah Mohammed Asiri Sultan Yahia Alfifii Tagreed Khairan Al-Rashidi Sager Misfer Alqahtani Faiz Abdulrahman Alshafa Fayez Mari Alamri Amal Mohammed Asiri fatima Mohammed Ali Almagadi Thuraya Mohammed Asiri Department of Therapeutic Assistance Management General Directorate of Health Affairs Asser Region Abha Saudi Arabia Department of Health Affairs General Directorate of Health Affairs Asser Region Abha Saudi Arabia Department of Kidney King Khaled Hospital Hail Saudi Arabia Department of Nursing Sarat Abida Hospital Aseer Saudi Arabia Department of Radiation Oncology King Faisal Medical City Abha Saudi Arabia Department of Health Affairs KSA MOH Department of Kidney Dialysis Centers General Directorate of Health Affairs Aseer Region Abha Saudi Arabia Department of Operation Ahad Rafidah Hospital General Directorate of Health Affairs in Asseer Region Abha Saudi Arabia South Qunfudah General Hospital Jizan Saudi Arabia Armed Forces Southern Region Hospital Aseer Saudi Arabia

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, with breast cancer being the most common (2.26 million new cases and 685,000 deaths). In Saudi Arabia, breast cancer ranked the first among females in 2014, accounting for 15.9% of all cancers reported among Saudi nationals and 28.7% of all cancers reported among females of all ages. Early detection of breast cancer could decrease the risks, have a better prognosis, and have better outcomes/more successful treatments. Prevalence of breast cancer reached more than 25% of all diagnosed cancer in the kingdom among women. Aim: This study aims to assess the knowledge and performance of women attending primary care centers about breast self-examination and mammogram screening for prevention and early detection of breast cancer in Abha city primary healthcare centers, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Research Method: cross sectional design was conducted by using questionnaire, which was distributed to primary care center nurses. The collected data was statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 25. Results: The study found that participants had poor awareness and knowledge about breast self-examination, risk factors for breast cancer, and trends and practices in early diagnosis of breast cancer. Conclusion and Recommendations: It recommends increasing awareness campaigns and providing educational programs to improve knowledge and practices.

关键词： Assessment Breast Cancer Prevention Practices Women Attending Health Care Centers Abha City

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Comparative Study of Entanglement and Wigner Function for Multi-Qubit GHZ-Squeezed State

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2017年第12期67卷 729-734页

作者： fatima-Zahra Siyouri Laboratoire de Physique Thèorique Département de Physique Faculté des Sciences Université Mohammed Ⅴ-Agdal

In this paper we address the possibility of using the Wigner function to capture the quantum entanglement present in a multi-qubit system. For that purpose, we calculate both the degree of entanglement and the Wigner function for mixed tripartite squeezed states of Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger(GHZ) type then we compare their behaviors. We show that the role of Wigner function in detecting and quantifying bipartite quantum correlation [Int. J. Mod. Phys. B30(2016) 1650187] may be generalized to the multipartite case.

关键词： negativity of Wigner function entanglement squeezed states tripartite GHZ non-classicality

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