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Geophysical Contribution to the Determination of the Limit between Laayoune and Foum el Oued Aquifers, Origin of Supply Sources of Oued Sakia el Hamra, Laayoune Province, Morocco

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International Journal of Geosciences 2019年第11期10卷 1008-1035页

作者： Mohamed Chibout Anasse Benslimane Mohamed el Mokhtar fatima Zahra Faqihi Sidi Mokhtar el Kanti Ahmed Ntarmouchant Laboratory of Geodynamics and Natural Resources (LGRN) Faculty of Sciences Dhar Mahraz Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University Fez Morocco Laboratory of Geosciences and Natural Resources Faculty of Sciences University Ibn Tofail Kenitra Morocco. AFRICA GEO-SERVICES Company 33 Offices Al Manar Street Abd Elkarim Khattabi Fez VN Morocco Hydraulic Basin Agency of Sakia el Hamra and Oued Ed-Dahab Administrative District Laayoune Morocco

Laayoune and the Foum el Oued aquifers are in hydraulic communication only at the level of Oued Saguia el Hamra. The present study has accordingly made use of all the hydrogeological, hydrological, geological and geophysical data that preceded the watershed of Oued Saguia el Hamra in its downstream part. These data are by no means omplementary with the objective of having a better understanding of the boundary line between Laayoune and Foum el Oued aquifers and the origin of feeding the sources of Oued Saguia el Hamra. This study will focus only on the previous geophysical studies where a reinterpretation of electrical soundings has proved useful as a result of the recent well-logging results. It makes it possible to highlight the presence of a significant rise in the truncated marly substratum of Oued Saguia el Hamra and depressions (left and right banks) which could correspond to stream channels or depressed areas. At the level of the Wadi bed, there has been a regular immersion of the conductive level roofs from east to west towards Foum el Oued favoring the flow of wastewater from the zone and spraying the brackish water sources towards the groundwater of Foum el Oued. In the light of the reinterpretation of electric polls, plus as well as the geophysical surveys by electrical tomography and high definition made at the right and left banks of the Oueed Saguia el-Hamra, it was possible to verify the existence of dry ridge separating the two webs of Laayoune and Foum el Oued and stream channels or depressed areas of the left bank for drainage of brackish water to sources located along Oued Saguia el Hamra. The true resistivity models tomography profiles confirm the presence of the backbone at the left and right banks and the graben of the left bank for underground water drainage of the web Laayoune to sources welling the river Saguia el Hamra. They reveal the presence of a quaternary plio-cover (coastal platform Moghrebian) as being heterogeneous and affected by m

关键词： Laayoun and Faum Al Oued Aquifers Ridge Limit Wastewater Brackish Wa-ter Marl Bedrock Vertical electrical Sounding (SEV) electrical Tomography (ETR)

Conversion of L-Tryptophan into Melatonin Is the Possible Action Pathway Involved in the Effect of L-Tryptophan on Antidepressant-Related Behavior in Female Rats: Analysis of the Influence of Treatment Duration

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2013年第4期3卷 362-372页

作者： Sihame Ouakki fatima Zahra el Mrabet Aboubaker el Hessni Abdelhalem Mesfioui Paul Pévet Ali Ouichou Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences Strasbourg University Strasbourg France Laboratory of Genetics Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology Unit of Nervous and Endocrine Physiology Faculty of Sciences Université Ibn Tofail Kenitra Morocco

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pharmacological doses of melatonin (Mel) and L-tryptophan (L-TRP) on depression-like behavior in female rats submitted to the forced swimming test (FST) after 2, 4, 6 or 8 weeks of treatment. This will allow exploring the different mechanisms of L-TRP actions particularly that due to its conversion into Mel. For this purpose, four groups of 24 rats each were constituted;(Group 1: Control): received saline solution NaCl (0.9%), (Group 2: Mel4): received 4 mg/Kg of Mel, (Group 3: L-TRP4): received 4 mg/Kg of L-TRP and (Group 4: L-TRP20): received 20 mg/Kg of L-TRP. Animals of each group were distributed on 4 subgroups of 6 rats submitted to different time treatments. The duration of immobility (TIM) and struggling period (TST) of rats in FST were measured after 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks of drug treatment and the effects of Mel and L-TRP were compared. Chronical administration of different doses of Mel or L-TRP failed to induce any anti-depressant activity in rats subjected to FST after 2 weeks of treatment. However, after 4 weeks, daily administration of Mel at 4 mg/Kg significantly reduced the immobility period and enhanced struggling time. After 6 weeks, Mel at 4 mg/Kg and L-TRP at 20 mg/Kg were both effective in reducing immobility and increasing struggling movement, their effects being statistically comparable. All treatments were able to significantly reduce immobility time and increase struggling duration after 8 weeks, but L-TRP at 4 mg/Kg was less potent than Mel and L-TRP at 20 g/Kg. The antidepressant-like activity of L-TRP was dose and time dependent, and that of Mel was time dependent. In conclusion, the study showed that at pharmacological doses, Mel and L-TRP have anti-depressant action, and such effect is dependent on time treatment;Mel?is more effective than L-TRP. In conclusion, L-TRP, through Mel, 5-HT or by itself could modulate aminergic neurotransmission in the different brain areas to ensure its beha

关键词： Melatonin L-Tryptophan Depression Forced Swimming Immobility Struggling Female Rats

Geophysical Study by electrical Soundings of the Tartar Aquifer Unit, Boujdour Region, Morocco

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International Journal of Geosciences 2020年第3期11卷 58-83页

作者： Mohamed Chibout Anasse Benslimane Mohamed el Mokhtar Sidi Mokhtar el Kanti fatima Zahra Faqihi Lahcen Gourari Geodynamics Laboratory of Natural Resources (LGRN) Dhar Mahraz Faculty of Science Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University Fez Morocco Geosciences Laboratory of Natural Resources (LGRN) Hydroinformatics Team Faculty of Science Ibn Tofail University Maamora Campus Kenitra Morocco AFRICA GEO-SERVICES Society Fez Morocco Sakia el Hamra and Oued Eddahab Hydraulic Basin Agency Laayoune Morocco

The Tartar aquifer unit, is located at the SSO of the city of Boujdour, at a distance of nearly 86 km, and crossed (in its western part) by the National Road N1 connecting the towns of Boujdour and Lagouira passing through the vicinity of the city of Dakhla (PK40). It is exploited by rural settlements for domestic use (especially the inhabitants of fishing villages) and livestock watering, only through wells named Khtout Hobia (IRE 126/124) and Hassi Tartar known as Khtout Trayh (IRE 104/124). These wells have been tracked by a piezometric groundwater table and from 2011 to the present day. The interpretation of the electrical soundings in AB ≤ 2000 m allowed to differentiate the presence of two families of electrical soundings A and B, to establish the resistivity maps in AB = 200, 300 and 400 ihm⋅m with qualitative aspects, to draw up the map of the isohypses of the roof of the intermediate Dt1 representing the impermeable floor of the aquifer and to highlight two types of discontinuities;electrical discontinuities corresponding to lateral facies changes (limit of erosion surfaces) separating the families A and B of electrical soundings and those corresponding to syn-sedimentary faults which structured the formations into horsts and grabens. The lithological sections of the existing water points and that of oil well 43-1 allowed the geological identification of the geoelectric layers highlighted by the electrical soundings diagrams. As a result, the sandstone and lumachelic formations constituting the aquifer are of Moghrebian-Pleistocene age represented by the resistant R (Family A), sometimes grouping, in its basal part, sandstone levels of the Miocene roof (Family B). These formations lie directly on the Miocene sandy marls represented by the intermediate Dt1. For the present work, we will focus only on the transverse geoelectric cross-section TA, with an SW-NE orientation, which characterizes all the longitudinal sections established following the correla

关键词： Tartar Aquifer Unit Vertical electrical Soundings Resistivity

A hydrochemical study of the Hammam Righa geothermal waters in north-central Algeria

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Acta Geochimica 2016年第3期35卷 271-287页

作者： Mohamed Belhai Yasuhiro Fujimitsu fatima Zohra Bouchareb-Haouchine Abdelhamid Haouchine Jun Nishijima Department of Earth Resources Engineering GraduateSchool of EngineeringKyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan Department of Earth Resources Engineering Faculty ofEngineeringKyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan Laboratoire de Geo-Environnement FSTGAT/USTHB BP 32El-Alia16000 AlgiersAlgeria

This study focuses on the hydrochemical characteristics of 47 water samples collected from thermal and cold springs that emerge from the Hammam Righa geothermal field, located in north-central Algeria. The aquifer that feeds these springs is mainly situated in the deeply fractured Jurassic limestone and dolomite of the Zaccar Mount. Measured discharge temperatures of the cold waters range from 16.0 to 26.5 ℃ and the hot waters from 32.1 to 68.2 ℃. All waters exhibited a near-neutral pH of 6.0-7.6. The thermal waters had a high total dis- solved solids （TDS） content of up to 2527 mg/l, while the TDS for cold waters was 659.0-852.0 mg/l. Chemical analyses suggest that two main types of water exist： hot waters in the upflow area of the Ca-Na-SO4 type （Ham- mam Righa） and cold waters in the recharge zone of the Ca-Na-HCO3 type （Zaccar Mount）. Reservoir tempera- tures were estimated using silica geothermometers and fluid/mineral equilibria at 78, 92, and 95℃ for HR4, HR2, and HRI, respectively. Stable isotopic analyses of the δ18O and δD composition of the waters suggest that the thermal waters of Hammam Righa are of meteoric origin. We conclude that meteoric recharge infiltrates through the fractured dolomitic limestones of the Zaccar Mount and is conductively heated at a depth of 2.1-2.2 km. The hotwaters then interact at depth with Triassic evaporites located in the hydrothermal conduit （fault）, giving rise to the Ca-Na-SO4 water type. As they ascend to the surface, the thermal waters mix with shallower Mg-rich ground- water, resulting in waters that plot in the immature water field in the Na-K-Mg diagram. The mixing trend between cold groundwaters from the recharge zone area （Zaccar Mount） and hot waters in the upflow area （Hammam Righa） is apparent via a chloride-enthalpy diagram that shows a mixing ratio of 22.6 〈 R 〈 29.2 %. We summa- rize these results with a geothermal conceptual model of the Hammam Righa geothermal field.

关键词： Thermal waters North-central Algeria Geochemistry Geothermometry Geothermal conceptualmodel Cold groundwaters

Physicians’knowledge about radiation protection of patients during prescription of CT scan procedures in Morocco

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Radiation Medicine and Protection 2023年第1期4卷 54-59页

作者： Bouchra Amaoui fatima Safini Laila Lahlou Mohamed el Fahssi Sanae Abbaoui Slimane Semghouli Faculty of Medicine&Pharmacy University Ibn ZohrAgadirMorocco Regional Center of Oncology AgadirMorocco Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques AgadirMorocco

Objective:To evaluate the knowledge and practices of Moroccan physicians in terms of radioprotection of patients when prescribing computed tomography(CT)***:This is a cross-sectional study in which a questionnaire with 23 multiple-choice questions was sent to prescribers of CT examinations such as radiotherapists(RMs),other medical specialists(OMSs),general practitioners(GPs)and residents/interns(R/Is).The first eight questions asked about the demographics of the participants,while the remaining questions asked about knowledge of ionizing radiation examinations,doses received,relative risks,and patient radiation safety ***:A total of 223 physicians participated in this *** therapists,considered as the reference group,had a better knowledge of irradiating and non-irradiating imaging compared to the other groups(P=0.003).Thus,67%of the reference group declared to take into account the number of scans performed by the patient during the last year,unlike the other groups(P=0.002).Furthermore,the knowledge of the different groups about the risks related to exposure to ionizing radiation was globally low(2%)(P=0.73).Regardless of their specialties and seniority,only 12%of the participants informed the patient at the time of prescription about the risks of ***,only 21%of the participants declared having had training in radiation protection,with no significant differences between the subgroups(P=0.832).Conclusions:The results obtained are similar to those reported in previous *** show that Moroccan prescribers have a low level of knowledge of the risks associated with CT *** on patient radiation protection should be included in the initial curriculum of interns and the continuing professional development of physicians should be reinforced.

关键词： CT Ionizing radiation Radiation protection X-rays Radiation risks

Study on the Tin （IV） Complex of 4,5-benzo-1,2-dithiole-3-thione with IR, Analysis Centesimal, and Theatrically

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2011年第9期5卷 818-823页

作者： Khaled Boukebbous el-Adoui Laifa Khelifi Touhami fatima Adnan Mohamed Hassan Kermandji Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences University Mentouri Constantine 25000 Algeria Department of Biology and Ecology Faculty of Nature and Life University Mentouri Constantine 25000 Algeria

A tin （IV） complex with 4,5-benzo-1,2-dithiol-3-thione （C7H4S3）（A）, [SnCI4 （C7H4S3）2] （B） was synthesized. The structure of the obtained complex （B） was characterized by Infrared Spectroscopy （IR）, analysis centesimal composition, and theoretical study. The complex （B） has an octahedral structure, where a tin in the center takes an octahedral geometry and is coordinated by four atoms of chlorine and two thiocarbonyl sulfur atom （C=S） of the ligand.

关键词： Tin (IV) complex 1 2-dithiole-3-thione theoretical study.

Nutritional Status and School Achievements in a Rural Area of Anti-Atlas, Morocco

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2011年第8期2卷 878-883页

作者： Mohamed el Hioui fatima-Zahra Azzaoui Ahmed Omar Touhami Ahami Youssef Aboussaleh 不详

Nutritional status is the best indicator of the global well-being of children. However, malnutrition affects physical growth, cognitive development, physical work capacity, and it consequently influences human performance and health. The present study was designed to identify factors that may influence the nutritional status and educational achievements of the children in a rural area of ANTI Atlas of Morocco. The nutritional status of 162 children (12 to 15 years of age) was assessed by nutritional anthropometry and compared with tables of weight-for-age and height-for-age z-scores (WAZ and HAZ) identifying wasting and stunting, respectively. A questionnaire was developed to collect information about socio-economic and demographic status of the children’s families. Also, educational achievements were assessed by their score in mathematics. A total of 162 children (64 boys and 98 girls), aged 12 –15 years. Results revealed 22.8% of stunting and 35.2% of wasting. Child age (p = 0.027), illiteracy of the mother (p = 0.004) was determinant factors with wasting. Stunting was significantly associated with gender (p = 0.03) and parents’ employment (p = 0.009). However, using logistic regression analysis, the results showed that stunting (p = 0.04) and mother level of education (p = 0.032) were significantly correlated with school *** this area of study, malnutrition remains a major problem among adolescents’ school performances, which can affect their future. The main causes of malnutrition seem to be the bad weaning practices among school children and cultural attitudes of food. The educational achievements of school children are influenced by maternal education and stunting.

关键词： Nutritional Status Undernutrition School Achievements and Morocco

Application of a Geomatics Approach for the Diachronic Study of the Meditterannean Coastline Case of Tangier Bay

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International Journal of Geosciences 2018年第6期9卷 320-336页

作者： fatima Zahra Salim Mohammed Yassine el Habti Lech-Hab Khadija Ben Hamman Ahmed Raissouni Abdelkrim el Arrim Laboratoire "Environnement Océanologie et Ressources Naturelles" Dpt. des Sciences dela Terre FST de Tanger Km 9 Route de Ziatine Maroc

The coastline is one of the country’s most important environmental and economic resources. However, it is a delicate and highly coveted environ-ment on which many factors of evolution interact, both anthropogenic and natural. This work is concerned with the diachronic study of the coastline of the Mediterranean coast, particularly the coastal fringe at the level of Tangier Bay. In order to experimentally confirm the numerical models used and to take part in the development of an accurate, reliable and rapid decision support system for the assessment and remediation of the risks of accretion and coastal erosion, the methodology followed consists of the application of automatic analytical techniques, based on a geomatics approach, using a multi-temporal photo-interpretation, a Geographical Information System (GIS) and a computerized data analysis system (DSAS: Digital Shoreline Analysis System). The change rate will be calculated from the multi-date maps (1981-96 and 2017) using the End Point Rate (EPR). To achieve our objective, the study area was divided into three sectors from East to West: el Ghandouri Beach, Malabata Beach and the municipal square adjacent to the port. The GIS analysis of the data obtained shows that the coastline is present by location and for the three periods of comparison of the remarkable zones of erosion and sedimentation.

关键词： Mediterranean Coastline (SIG) Geographic Information System (DSAS) Digital Shoreline Analysis System Accretion Erosion

Phytochemical composition and toxicity assessment of Ammi majus L.

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2023年第4期13卷 165-175页

作者： Otman el-guourrami Najoua Salhi fatima Zahra Benkhouili Gokhan Zengin Mustafa Abdullah Yilmaz Mouna Ameggouz Ahmed Zahidi Lamiaa Rouas Abdelhakim Bouyahya Khang Wen Goh Toong Hai Sam Long Chiau Ming Anass Doukkali Hanane Benzeid Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyMohammed Ⅴ UniversityRabatMorocco Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed Ⅴ UniversityRabatMorocco Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyMohammed Ⅴ UniversityRabatMorocco Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceSelcuk UniversityCampus/KonyaTurkey Dicle University Science and Technology Research and Application Center 21280DiyarbakirTurkey Dicle University Faculty of PharmacyDepartment of Analytical Chemistry21280DiyarbakirTurkey Center Hospitalo-Universitaire Ibn Sina Laboratory of AnatomopathologyRabatMorocco Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology Department of BiologyFaculty of SciencesGenomic Center of Human PathologiesMohammed Ⅴ University in RabatMorocco Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology INTI International UniversityNilai 71800Malaysia Faculty of Business and Communications INTI International UniversityNilai 71800Malaysia School of Medical and Life Sciences Sunway UniversitySunway City 47500Malaysia

Objective:To assess the acute and subacute toxicity as well as the phytochemical composition of two extracts and three fractions of Ammi majus ***:The aqueous extracts were prepared separately by maceration for 48 h and by infusion for 1 h,while the fractions were prepared by the Soxhlet extractor,successively employing cyclohexane,ethyl acetate,and *** acute toxicity study was carried out in accordance with the OECD N°423 guideline at a single dose(2000 mg/kg)in mice for 14 *** subacute toxicity study was performed by a daily oral administration of 250 mg/kg 2 for 10 d and 100 mg/kg doses for 28 *** screening was performed using staining and precipitation reactions,while the chemical characterization of some analytes was detected by HPLC-MS/MS ***:In the acute toxicity study,no signs of toxicity such as convulsion,salivation,diarrhea,sleep and coma were observed during 30 minutes and 14 days,so the lethal dose was higher than 2000 mg/kg for each extract and *** subacute toxicity results showed that at a dose of 250 mg/kg,61.10%of the animals died and the rest developed *** the other hand,at a dose of 100 mg/kg,all the animals were still alive after 28 days,with no morbidity and the biochemical parameters were normal with no abnormalities in the liver,kidneys and *** screening indicated the presence of flavonoids,tannins,coumarins,and free quinones and the absence of alkaloids and ***:The extracts and fractions of Ammi majus *** not toxic in the short and long term with a varied chemical *** tests on animals other than rodents and in the long term(more than 28 days)are needed to further confirm the safety of Ammi majus extracts.

关键词： Ammi majus L. Phytochemical composition Acute toxicity Subacute toxicity Flavonoids