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Review and assessment of different perspectives of vehicle-pedestrian conflicts and crashes:Passive and active analysis approaches

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2021年第5期8卷 681-702页

作者： Abbas Sheykhfard farshidreza haghighi Eleonora Papadimitriou Pieter Van Gelder Department of Civil Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of TechnologyMazandaran ***Iran Faculty of Technology Policy and ManagementDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 BXThe Netherlands

The importance of investigating pedestrian safety has been evaluated repeatedly in safety *** present study attempts to evaluate the various methods used by previous researchers in a hierarchical process,to determine the characteristics,advantages,and limitations of each *** general analysis approaches(passive and active) were taken into account to categorize 169 previous types of *** the passive approach,the studied methods were those based on crash databases,questionnaires,and post-crash field observation data;while,in the active approach,the studied methods were those based on driving simulations and *** result of the passive approach reveals that road users’ features and road characteristics(crash database studies),and error,lapses,intentional and unintentional violations(questionnaire studies) by them were among the most important causes of crashes and ***,road users’ distractions also reported a set of factors affecting the possibility of conflicts and crashes based on postcrash field observation ***,results of the active approach showed that risky behaviors are the most important factor in threatening pedestrian safety such as unauthorized speeding,non-compliance with traffic law,unauthorized overtaking by drivers,and illegal ***,risk perception and decision-making processes are the mostimportant bond between the attitude and behavior of road users in dangerous driving *** studies through passive approach would lead to identifying the causes of crashes,recognizing the attitude of road users towards safety,and determining road users’ behavioral patterns in certain situations,while the active approach has led to a more detailed understanding of behaviors and attitudes of road *** inference of the findings obtained in this study will lead to a better understanding of the behavior of road users for studies on advanced driving assistance systems(ADAS).

关键词： Traffic engineering Conflict Pedestrian Naturalistic driving study Crash Road safety

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Assessing the risk of pedestrian crossing behavior on suburban roads using structural equation model

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第5期11卷 853-866页

作者： Shahrbanoo Kavianpour farshidreza haghighi Abbas Sheykhfard Subasish Das Grigorios Fountas Mohammad Mehdi Oshanreh Faculty of Civil Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of TechnologyBabolIran Ingram School of Engineering Texas State UniversitySan MarcosTX 78666USA School of Rural and Surveying Engineering Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54124Greece Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA

While pedestrian crashes on suburban roads have received more attention over recent years,the role of pedestrian crossing risk in areas adjacent to pedestrian crossing facilities,such as pedestrian overpasses,has been *** pedestrians in suburban areas tend to avoid pedestrian overpasses,exhibiting crossing behaviors that increase the likelihood of pedestrian-involving *** a result of the presence of overpasses,drivers may think that there are no pedestrians in the surroundings,so they choose a speed based only on the prevailing traffic and road environment without accounting for potential interactions with ***,crashes will occur,with pedestrians typically being the most seriously affected *** this study,using video recordings from a suburban road in Amol-Babol,Iran,the risk of pedestrian crossing behavior in areas near pedestrian overpasses is *** speed selection behavior of drivers in these areas has also been examined using speedometer *** quantify the level of risk for pedestrians when interacting with approaching vehicles during the crossing movements,the post encroachment time(PET)was used as a surrogate safety *** on critical thresholds of PET,three different risk levels were identified using a K-means algorithm:high,medium,and low *** identify the elements affecting the risk of pedestrian crossing behavior,structural equation models were estimated for all three risk *** results showed that human factors,relating to both drivers and pedestrians,have a dominant impact on pedestrian safety,especially in high and medium risk *** and vehicle factors were also found to have statistically observable effects on pedestrian safety,but to a milder extent compared to human *** findings of this study highlight the need for intervening in several aspects of vehicle-pedestrian interactions with critical importance for pedestrian safety,including road users’performance

关键词： Pedestrian Crossing safety Suburban roads Speed Structural equation model

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