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Metamorphism and exhumation of basement gneiss domes in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero:Two stage dome-and-keel evolution?

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第5期10卷 1765-1787页

作者： kathryn Cutts Cristiano Lana Fernando Alkmim Federico farina Hugo Moreira Viviane Coelho Applied Isotope Research Group Departamento de GeologiaEscola de MinasUniversidade Federal de Ouro PretoMorro do Cruzeiro35400-000Ouro PretoMGBrazil Department of Earth Sciences University of GenevaRue des Maraihers 131205GenevaSwitzerland School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of PortsmouthBurnaby BuildingBurnaby RoadPortsmouthPO1 3QLUK

The presence of dome-and-keel provinces in Archean cratons has been connected with the initiation of plate tectonics on Earth as these features are most commonly observed in Archean *** Quadrilátero Ferrífero in Brazil has been identified as a Paleoproterozoic dome-and-keel province for more than three *** prevailing model suggests that it formed during the Rhyacian Transamazonian orogeny,making it unique among dome-and-keel ***,a lack of appropriate lithologies,datable minerals and the metamorphic overprint of later orogenesis has resulted in a cryptic metamorphic record for the formation of this dome-and-keel province.A clinopyroxene-bearing migmatite from the core of the Bacao dome has peak P-T conditions of 5-7 kbar and 700-750 ℃ and a published age of ca.2730 Ma based on U-Pb ages of zircon from leucosomes,suggesting that this age represents the migmatisation event.A fine-grained epidote-albite-titanite assemblage overprints the coarse-grained clinopyroxene and amphibole,giving P-T conditions of 8-9 kbar and 550℃ with an associated titanite age of ca.2050 Ma.A garnet-bearing amphibolite sample also from the core of the dome has peak P-T conditions of 7-8 kbar and 650-700℃,and texturally late titanite from this sample produces an age of ca.2060 *** additional samples were collected from the edges of the dome.A garnet-gedrite bearing felsic schist produces peak P-T conditions of 8-9 kbar and 650-700℃ on a clockwise P-T *** sample has a U-Pb zircon age of ca.2775 Ma,which could date metamorphism or be the age of its volcaniclastic *** unconstrained titanite from the sample gives an age of ca.2040 Ma.A garnet-bearing amphibolite that occurs as a boudin within the felsic schist gives both zircon and titanite ages of ca.2050 Ma and has peak P-T conditions of 5-6 kbar and 650-700 ℃ on a near isobaric P-T *** amphibolite dike,observed to cross-cut the felsic schist produces a zircon U-Pb age of ca.2760 Ma

关键词： Sao Francisco Craton Zircon U-Pb Titanite U-Pb Phase diagrams Dome-and-keel

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Methodological challenges of cross-language qualitative research with South Asian communities living in the Uk

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2016年第2期4卷 16-28页

作者： Manbinder S.Sidhu farina kokab kate Jolly Tom Marshall Nicola k.Gale Paramjit Gill Institute of Applied Health Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamB152TTUK Health Services Management Centre School of Social PolicyUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamB152TTUK

Objective:We investigate(1)the influence of ethnic,gender,and age concordance with inter-viewers and(2)how expression of qualitative data varies between interviews delivered in English and community languages(Punjabi/Urdu)with monolingual and bilingual participants across three generations of the Indian Sikh and Pakistani Muslim communities living in the ***:We analyzed and interpreted semi-structured interview transcripts that were designed to collect data about lifestyles,disease management,community practices/beliefs,and social ***,qualitative content analysis was applied to ***,a framework was ap-plied as a guide to identify cross-language illustrations where responses varied in length,expression and ***:Participant responses differed by language and ***-generation migrants when discussing religion,culture,or family practice were far likelier to use group or community narra-tives and give a longer response,indicating familiarity with or importance of such *** and gender concordance generated greater rapport between researchers and participants centered on community values and ***,open-ended questions that were less direct were better suited for first-generation ***:Community-based researchers need more time to complete interviews in second languages,need to acknowledge that narratives can be contextualized in both personal and com-munity views,and reframe questions that may lead to greater ***,we detail a number of recommendations with regard to validating the translation of interviews from commu-nity languages to English as well as measures for testing language proficiency.

关键词： Ethnicity community concordance language South Asian qualitative interviews

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Lightweight SOA-Based Twin-Engine Architecture for Enterprise Systems in Fixed and Mobile Environments

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China Communications 2016年第9期13卷 183-194页

作者： Tongguang Zhang Shuai Zhao Budan Wu Maurizio farina Bo Cheng Junliang Chen State key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China Adaptive Software Company Via Posillipo 255Naples 80123Italy

Mobile devices as a popular computing platform for enterprise systems have enabled certain tasks to be executed out of ***,the work may be interrupted due to the server shutdown or network disconnection when employees access traditional single-engine Business Process Management *** overcome this defect,we present a lightweight twin-engine architecture based on Service Oriented Architecture(SOA).In this paper,we discuss in detail the design and implementation of the architecture,and present a trigger mechanism to activate engines according to the states of hybrid environments since it is critical for the two types of engines to cooperate closely in hybrid environments with fixed and mobile computing *** experimental results validate the usability of the architecture.

关键词： twin-engine SOA enterprise system mobile environment

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Mechanisms involved in selecting and maintaining neuroblastoma cancer stem cell populations, and perspectives for therapeutic targeting

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第7期13卷 685-736页

作者： Antonietta Rosella farina Lucia Annamaria Cappabianca Veronica Zelli Michela Sebastiano Andrew Reay Mackay Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences University of L'AquilaL'Aquila 67100AQItaly

Pediatric neuroblastomas(NBs)are heterogeneous,aggressive,therapy-resistant embryonal tumours that originate from cells of neural crest(NC)origin and in particular neuroblasts committed to the sympathoadrenal progenitor cell *** resistance,post-therapeutic relapse and subsequent metastatic NB progression are driven primarily by cancer stem cell(CSC)-like subpopulations,which through their self-renewing capacity,intermittent and slow cell cycles,drug-resistant and reversibly adaptive plastic phenotypes,represent the most important obstacle to improving therapeutic outcomes in unfavourable *** this review,dedicated to NB CSCs and the prospects for their therapeutic eradication,we initiate with brief descriptions of the unique transient vertebrate embryonic NC structure and salient molecular protagonists involved NC induction,specification,epithelial to mesenchymal transition and migratory behaviour,in order to familiarise the reader with the embryonic cellular and molecular origins and background to *** follow this by introducing NB and the potential NC-derived stem/progenitor cell origins of NBs,before providing a comprehensive review of the salient molecules,signalling pathways,mechanisms,tumour microenvironmental and therapeutic conditions involved in promoting,selecting and maintaining NB CSC subpopulations,and that underpin their therapy-resistant,self-renewing metastatic ***,we review potential therapeutic strategies and future prospects for targeting and eradication of these bastions of NB therapeutic resistance,post-therapeutic relapse and metastatic progression.

关键词： Neural crest Neuroblastoma Cancer stem cells Polyploid giant cancer cells molecular mechanisms Therapeutic targeting Tumour microenvironment

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Cancer stem cells in colorectal cancer from pathogenesis to therapy: Controversies and perspectives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第4期20卷 923-942页

作者： Caterina Fanali Donatella Lucchetti Marisa farina Maddalena Corbi Valerio Cufino Achille Cittadini Alessandro Sgambato Istituto di Patologia Generale Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore

Colorectal cancer remains one of the most common and lethal malignancies worldwide despite the use of various therapeutic strategies. A better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for tumor initiation and progression is essential for the development of novel, more powerful therapies. The traditional, so-called “stochastic model” of tumor development, which assumes that each cancer cell is tumorigenic, has been deeply challenged during the past decade by the identification of cancer stem cells (CSCs), a biologically distinct subset of cells within the bulk of tumor mass. This discovery led to the development of the hierarchical model of tumorigenesis which assumes that only CSCs have the ability to initiate tumor growth, both at primary and metastatic sites. This model implies that the elimination of all CSCs is fundamental to eradicate tumors and that failure to do so might be responsible for the occurrence of relapses and/or metastases frequently observed in the clinical management of colorectal cancer patients. Identification and isolation of CSCs is essential for a better understanding of their role in the tumorigenetic process and for the development of CSC-specific therapies. Several methods have been used for this purpose and many efforts have been focused on the identification of specific CSC-surface markers. This review provides an overview of the proposed roles of CSC in human colorectal tumorigenesis focusing on the most important molecules identified as CSC-specific markers in colorectal cancer and on the potential strategies for the development of CSC-targeted therapy.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Cancer stem cells Tumorigenesis Cancer therapy Prognostic marker

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Molecular basis of cranial suture biology and disease:Osteoblastic and osteoclastic perspectives

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Genes & Diseases 2014年第1期1卷 120-125页

作者： Maureen Beederman Evan M.farina Russell R.Reid Section of Plastic&Reconstructive Surgery Department of SurgeryThe University of Chicago Medical Center5841 South Maryland AvenueMC 6035ChicagoIL 60637USA Pritzker School of Medicine and The Laboratory of Craniofacial BiologyUniversity of Chicago MedicineChicagoIL 60637USA

The normal growth and development of the skull is a tightly regulated process that occurs along the osteogenic interfaces of the cranial ***,the borders of the calvarial bones and neighboring tissues above and below,function as a *** coordinated remodeling efforts of bone deposition and resorption,the cranial sutures maintain a state of patency from infancy through early adulthood as the skull continues to grow and accommodate the developing brain’s demands for ***,when this delicate balance is disturbed,a number of pathologic conditions ensue;and if left uncorrected,may result in visual and neurocognitive impairments.A prime example includes craniosynostosis,or premature fusion of one or more cranial and/or facial suture(s).At the present time,the only therapeutic measure for craniosynostosis is surgical correction by cranial vault ***,elegant studies performed over the past decade have identified several genes critical for the maintenance of suture patency and induction of suture *** deeper understandings of the pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms that regulate suture biology may provide necessary insights toward the development of non-surgical therapeutic alternatives for patients with cranial suture *** this review,we discuss the intricate cellular and molecular interplay that exists within the suture among its three major components:dura mater,osteoblastic related molecular pathways and osteoclastic related molecular pathways.

关键词： Cranial sutures Craniosynostosis Dura mater Osteoblasts Osteoclasts

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Feasibility study of a diesel-powered hybrid DMU

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Railway Engineering Science 2021年第3期29卷 271-284页

作者： Matteo Magelli Giuseppe Boccardo Nicola Bosso Nicolo Zampieri Pierangelo farina Andrea Tosetto Francesco Mocera Aurelio Soma Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Politecnico di TorinoCorso Duca degli Abruzzi 24TurinItaly Blue Engineering S.R.L. Via Albenga 98RivoliTurinItaly

Nowadays,the interest in hybrid vehicles is constantly increasing,not only in the automotive sector,but also in other transportation systems,to reduce pollution and emissions and to improve the overall efficiency of the *** railway vehicles are typically the most eco-friendly transportation system,since commonly their primary energy source is electricity,they can still gain benefits from hybrid technologies,as many lines worldwide are not *** fact,hybrid solutions allow ICEpowered(internal combustion engine)railway vehicles,such as diesel multiple units(DMUs),to operate in fullelectric mode even when the track lacks *** possibility to switch to full electric mode is of paramount importance when the vehicle runs on urban or underground track sections,where low or zero emission levels are *** conduct the feasibility study of hybridization of an existing DMU vehicle,designed by Blue Engineering S.r.l.,running on the Aosta–Torino Italian railway line,which includes a non-electrified urban track section and an electrified underground *** hybridization is obtained by replacing one of the diesel generators installed on the original vehicle with a battery pack,which ensures the vehicle to operate in full-electric mode to complete its mission *** hybridization is also exploited to implement a regenerative braking strategy,which allows an increase in the energetical efficiency of the vehicle up to 18%.This work shows the sizing of the battery pack based on dynamic simulations performed on the Turin underground track section,and the results demonstrate the feasibility of the hybridization process.

关键词： Hybrid railway vehicle Energy saving Regenerative braking Diesel multiple unit Lithium battery

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Nitrogen Release from Slow-Release Fertilizers in Soils with Different Microbial Activities

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Pedosphere 2018年第2期28卷 332-340页

作者： Pierfrancesco NARDI Ulderico NERI Giovanni DI MATTEO Alessandra TRINCHERA Rosario NAPOLI Roberta farina Guntur V. SUBBARAO Anna BENEDETTI CREA-Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Center for Agriculture and Environment Via della Navicella 2Rome 00184 (Italy) Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS) Tsukuba 305-8686 (Japan)

Soil microbial activity is recognized as an important factor affecting nitrogen (N) release from slow-release fertilizers. However,studies on the effect of size and activity of soil microflora on fertilizer degradation have provided contrasting results. To date, no clear relationships exist between soil microbial activity and the release of N from slow-release fertilizers. Hence, the aim of this study was to better understand such relationships by determining the release of N from three slow-release fertilizers in soils with different microbial activities. Soils were amended with urea-formaldehyde (UF), isobutylidene diurea (IBDU), and crotonylidene diurea (CDU). Urea, a soluble fertilizer, was used as the control. Fertilized soil samples were placed in a leaching system, and the release of N was determined by measuring ammonium-N and nitrate-N concentrations in leachates during 90 d of incubation. Non-linear regression was used to fit N leaching rate to a first-order model. In all the treated soils, N was released in the order: urea (89%–100%) > IBDU (59%–94%) >UF (46%–73%) > CDU (44%–56%). At the end of incubation, N released from CDU did not differ (P > 0.05) among soils. On the contrary, UF and IBDU released significantly lower (P k_0) for UF was lower (P ken together, our results indicated that soil microbial size and microbial activity had a marginal effect on fertilizer mineralization.

关键词： ammonium-N crotonylidene diurea isobutylidene diurea nitrate-N non-linear regression urea-formaldehyde

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A novel skeletal anchorage for rigid external distractor

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2017年第9期4卷 144-149页

作者： Rodrigo farina Felipe Salinas Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Hospital del SalvadorHospital San Borja ArriaránUniversidad de ChileSantiago 7510052Chile Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Hospital San Joséde MelipillaSantiago 9580000Chile

Aim: Maxillofacial surgery has always aimed to find alternative therapies to treat severe maxillary hypoplasia. Distraction osteogenesis of the midface has become the technique with the best functional and aesthetic results. Nevertheless, anchoring a distractor to the middle third of the face continues to involve complex planning. Plus, achieving the desired force vector can sometimes be cumbersome and uncomfortable. The aim of this study is to propose a novel skeletal anchorage technique for the rigid external distractor. Methods:Non-controlled, prospective study of 9 patients with severe midface hypoplasia who were treated with distraction osteogenesis using a rigid external distractor anchored to the infraorbital rims and the bilateral pyriform apertures. The activation phase started the first postoperative day at a rate of 1 mm per day. The consolidation period lasted 6 to 8 weeks. Results: Eight patients achieved the desired distraction objective (24.5 mm on average), with only 1 suffering a 5-mm relapse. None of the patients reported complications. Conclusion:Distraction osteogenesis of the midface by skeletal anchorage is an alternative method when treating patients with severe maxillary hypoplasia. It has significant advantages compared to traditional anchoring because it simplifies the procedure, diminishes the costs and complications.

关键词： Rigid external device rigid external distractor maxillary hypoplasia maxillary retrusion

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Desimplification to multi-tablet antiretroviral regimens in human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 infected adults: A cohort study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第14期7卷 1814-1824页

作者： Maria C Rossi Walter O Inojosa Giuseppe Battistella Antonella Carniato Francesca farina Mario Giobbia Rodolfo Fuser Pier G Scotton Infectious Diseases Unit Treviso HospitalTreviso 31100Italy Epidemiology and Statistic Unit Azienda ULSS 2 “Marca Trevigiana”Treviso 31100Italy

BACkGROUND Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is provided free of charge to all human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive residents in Italy. As fixed dose coformulations (FDCs) are often more expensive in comparison to the same drugs administered separately in a multi-tablet regimen (MTR), we considered a costeffective strategy involving patients in the switch from their FDCs to corresponding MTRs including generic antiretrovirals. AIM To verify if this would affect the virological and immunological response in comparison to maintaining the FDC regimens. METHODS From January 2012 to December 2013, we assessed the eligibility of all the HIV-1 positive adults on stable HAART being treated at our hospital-based outpatient clinic in Treviso, Italy. Participants who accepted to switch from their FDC regimen to the corresponding MTR joined the MTR group, while those who maintained a FDC regimen joined the FDC group. Clinical data, including changes in HAART regimens, respective reasons why and adverse effects, were recorded at baseline and at follow-up visits occurring at weeks 24, 48 and 96. All participants were assessed for virological and immunological responses at baseline and at weeks 24, 48 and 96. RESULTS Two hundred and forty-three eligible HIV-1 adults on HAART were enrolled: 163 (67%) accepted to switch to a MTR, joining the MTR group, while 80 (33%) maintained their FDCs, joining the FDC group. In a parallel analysis, there were no significant differences in linear trend of distribution of HIV-RNA levels between the two groups and there were no significant odds in favour of a higher level of HIV-RNA in either group at any follow-up and on the overall three strata analysis. In a before-after analysis, both FDC and MTR groups presented no significant differences in distribution of HIV-RNA levels at either weeks 48 vs 24 and weeks 96 vs 24 cross tabulations. A steady increase of mean CD4 count was observed in the MTR group only, while in the FDC grou

关键词： Fixed-dose coformulations Fixed dose coformulation regimens Multitablet regimens Human immunodeficiency virus Highly active antiretroviral therapy

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