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A multi-terminal ion-controlled transistor with multifunctionality and wide temporal dynamics for reservoir computing

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4444-4453页

作者： Kekang liu Jie li fangzhou li Yiyuan lin Hongrui liu linzi liang Zhiyuan Luo Wei liu Mengye Wang Feichi Zhou Yanghui liu School of Materials Sun Yat-Sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China School of Microelectronics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Software East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang 330013China

Reservoir computing(RC)is an energy-efficient computational framework with low training cost and high efficiency in processing spatiotemporal information.The state-of-the-art fully memristor-based hardware RC system suffers from bottlenecks in the computation efficiencies and accuracy due to the limited temporal tunability in the volatile memristor for the reservoir layer and the nonlinearity in the nonvolatile memristor for the readout layer.Additionally,integrating different types of memristors brings fabrication and integration complexities.To overcome the challenges,a multifunctional multi-terminal electrolyte-gated transistor(MTEGT)that combines both electrostatic and electrochemical doping mechanisms is proposed in this work,integrating both widely tunable volatile dynamics with high temporal tunable range of 10^(2) and nonvolatile memory properties with high long-term potentiation/long-term depression(LTP/LTD)linearity into a single device.An ion-controlled physical RC system fully implemented with only one type of MTEGT is constructed for image recognition using the volatile dynamics for the reservoir and nonvolatility for the readout layer.Moreover,an ultralow normalized mean square error of 0.002 is achieved in a time series prediction task.It is believed that the MTEGT would underlie next-generation neuromorphic computing systems with low hardware costs and high computational performance.

关键词： reservoir computing multi-terminal electrolyte-gated transistor ionic controlling rich dynamics nonlinear dynamical prediction

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Health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after China's clean air actions:progress in efficacy and geographic equality

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 103-113页

作者： Tao Xue Ruohan Wang Meng Wang Yanying Wang Dan Tong Xia Meng Conghong Huang Siqi Ai fangzhou li Jingyuan Cao Mingkun Tong Xueqiu Ni Hengyi liu Jianyu Deng Hong Lu Wei Wan Jicheng Gong Shiqiu Zhang Tong Zhu Clean Air Asia Institute of Reproductive and Child Health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(PKU) School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Centre State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure and Health Risk Management and Center for Environment and Health Peking University Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking University Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at Buffalo State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan University College of Land Management Nanjing Agricultural University National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation

Clean air actions （CAAs） in China have been linked to considerable benefits in public health.However,whether the beneficial effects of CAAs are equally distributed geographically is unknown.Using high-resolution maps of the distributions of major air pollutants (fine particulate matter[PM2.5]and ozone[O3]) and population,we aimed to track spatiotemporal changes in health impacts from,and geographic inequality embedded in,the reduced exposures to PM2.5and O3from 2013 to 2020.We used a method established by the Global Burden of Diseases Study.By analyzing the changes in loss of life expectancy（LLE） attributable to PM2.5and O3,we calculated the gain of life expectancy （GLE） to quantify the health benefits of the air-quality improvement.Finally,we assessed the geographic inequality embedded in the GLE using the Gini index （GI）.Based on risk assessments of PM2.5and O3,during the first stage of CAAs（2013 to 2017）,the mean GLE was 1.87 months.Half of the sum of the GLE was disproportionally distributed in about one quarter of the population exposed （GI 0.44）.During the second stage of CAAs（2017 to 2020）,the mean GLE increased to 3.94 months and geographic inequality decreased （GI 0.18）.According to our assessments,CAAs were enhanced,from the first to second stages,in terms of not only preventing premature mortality but also ameliorating health inequalities.The enhancements were related to increased sensitivity to the health effects of air pollution and synergic control of PM2.5and O3levels.Our findings will contribute to optimizing future CAAs.

关键词： clean air action public health inequality fine particulate matter ozone

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Effects of local and non-local closure PBL schemes on the simulation of Super Typhoon Mangkhut(2018)

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2022年第2期16卷 277-290页

作者： Zixi RUAN Jiangnan li fangzhou li Wenshi liN School of Atmospheric Sciences and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster StudiesSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China

With the convection-permitting simulation of Super Typhoon Mangkhut(2018)with a 3 km resolution for 10.5 days using mesoscale numerical model,Weather Research and Forecasting Model Version 4.1(WRFV4.1),the influences of local closure QNSE planetary boundary layer(PBL)scheme and non-local closure GFS planetary boundary layer scheme on super typhoon Mangkhut are mainly discussed.It is found that in terms of either track or intensity of typhoon,the local closure QNSE scheme is better than the non-local closure GFS scheme.Local and non-local closure PBL schemes have a large influence on both the intensity and the structure of typhoon.The maximum intensity difference of the simulated typhoon is 50 hPa.The intensity of typhoon is closely related to its variations in structure.In the rapid intensification stage,the typhoon simulated by the QNSE scheme has a larger friction velocity,stronger surface latent heat flux,sensible heat flux and vapor flux,related to a higher boundary height and stronger vertical mixing.The latent heat flux and sensible heat flux on the surface conveyed energy upward for the typhoon while the water vapor was transported upward through vertical mixing.While the water vapor condensed,the latent heat was released,which further warmed the typhoon eyewall,strengthening the convection.The stronger winds also intensified the vertical mixing and the warm-core structure,further strengthened the typhoon.The differences in surface layer schemes dominated the differences between the two simulations.

关键词： typhoon planetary boundary layer scheme WRF model

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A micelle-based stage-by-stage impelled system for efficient doxorubicin delivery

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第7期25卷 783-795页

作者： Sunfan li fangzhou li Dong Wan Zuqin Chen Jie Pan Xing-Jie liang School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tiangong UniversityTianjin300387PR China CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology of ChinaNo.11First North RoadZhongguancunBeijing100190PR China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049PR China Medical School of Chinese PLA No.28 Fuxing RoadBeijing100853PR China Department of Radiology The First Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingPR China Department of Radiology Chinese PAP Guangxi Corps HospitalNanningGuangxiPR China

Chemotherapy remains the mainstay of cancer treatment,benefiting millions of patients each year,but the side effects of chemotherapy drugs severely limit their clinical use.Doxorubicin(DOX)can cause various side effects such as heart damage and treatment-related tumors.The effective use of active and passive targeting will improve the clinical application of DOX.Here,TPGS3350 and bioactive peptides were utilized to construct a micelle-based stage-by-stage impelled efficient system(missiles)for DOX delivery(DOX missiles).By taking advantage of the EPR effect,DOX missiles are efficiently enriched at the tumor site.After being cleaved by matrix metalloproteinase2(MMP2),the peptide(VRGD)targets tumor cells to facilitate uptake of the missiles by the tumor cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis.The intracellular activated caspase-3-catalyzed explosion of DOX missiles further enables efficient tumor killing.This study provides an efficient approach for DOX delivery and toxicity reduction.

关键词： Doxorubicin Delivery Peptide Missiles Chemotherapy

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Intracellular and extracellular enzymatic responsive micelle for intelligent therapy of cancer

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Nano Research 2023年第2期16卷 2851-2858页

作者： Dong Wan Qinan Zhu Jianxin Zhang Xi Chen fangzhou li Yi liu Jie Pan School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China School of Chemistry Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China

Recently,the incidence of cancer keeps increasing,seriously endangers human health,and has evolved into the main culprit of human death.Conventional chemotherapeutic drugs,such as paclitaxel and doxorubicin(DOX),have some disadvantages,including low therapeutic effect,poor water solubility,high toxic side effects,short blood circulation time in the body,and so on.To improve the anti-tumor effect of the drug in vivo and reduce its side effects on the body,researchers have designed and developed a variety of responsive nanocarriers.In this work,we synthesized D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 3350 succinate(TPGS3350)-Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Val-Arg(GPLGVR)-DOX(TPD)prodrugs in response to extracellular enzymes of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP-9)in the tumor microenvironment and FA-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp(DEVD)-DOX(FPD)prodrugs responsive to intracellular enzymes of caspase-3.Then,intracellular and extracellular enzyme-responsive TPD&FPD micelles with DOX(TPD&FPD&D)were successfully prepared through dialysis method.The outer layer of TPGS3350 can prolong the blood circulation time of micelles in vivo,followed by accumulation of micelles at tumor tissue through enhanced permeability and retention(EPR)effect.The peptide of GPLGVR can be cleaved by MMP-9 enzymes to remove the outer layer of TPGS3350,exposing the targeting molecule of folate,and then the micelles are engulfed by tumor cells through folate receptor-mediated endocytosis.After entering the tumor cells,the free DOX loaded in the micelles is released,which induces tumor cell apoptosis to activate caspase-3 in the cells,cutting the peptide DEVD to accelerate the intracellular release of the DOX,which further enhances cytotoxicity to improve antitumor effect.

关键词： cancer micelle peptide enzyme-responsive folate

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Gold nanoparticles combat enveloped RNA virus by affecting organelle dynamics

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第9期8卷 4244-4251页

作者： fangzhou li Qianqian Huang Ziran Zhou Qiongge Guan Fei Ye Baoying Huang Weisheng Guo Xing-Jie liang CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology of ChinaNo.11First North RoadZhongguancun100190 BeijingP.R.China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 BeijingP.R.China MHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChina CDCBeijingChina Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseSchool of Biomedical Engineering&The Second Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou Medical University510260 GuangzhouP.R.China

Enveloped RNA viruses are a group of viruses with an outer membrane derived from a host cell and a genome consisting of ribonucleic acid(RNA).These viruses rely on host cell machinery and organelles to replicate and assemble new virus particles.However,the interaction between viruses and host organelles may be disrupted by nanomaterials,such as gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)with unique physical and chemical properties.In this study,we investigated the effects of AuNPs with different surface charge properties on the subcellular structure and function of mammalian cells,and their effects on two representative enveloped RNA viruses:lentivirus and human coronavirus OC43(HCoV-OC43)antiviral potential.By comparing the subcellular effects of AuNPs with different surface charge properties,we found that treatment with AuNPs with positive surface charges induced more significant disruption of subcellular structures than neutrally charged AuNPs and negatively charged AuNPs,mainly manifested in lysosomes and Cytoskeletal disorders.The antiviral effect of the surface positively charged AuNPs was further evaluated using lentivirus and HCoV-OC43.The results showed that AuNPs had a significant inhibitory effect on both lentivirus and HCoV-OC43 without obvious side effects.In conclusion,our study provides insights into the mechanism of action and biocompatibility of AuNP in biological systems,while supporting the potential of targeting organelle dynamics against enveloped RNA viruses.

关键词： properties particles envelope

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Marine aquaculture mapping using GF-1 WFV satellite images and full resolution cascade convolutional neural network

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 2047-2060页

作者： Yongyong Fu Shucheng You Shujuan Zhang Kun Cao Jianhua Zhang Ping Wang Xu Bi Feng Gao fangzhou li College of Resources and Environment Shanxi University of Finance and EconomicsTaiyuanPeople’s Republic of China Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center BeijingPeople’s Republic of China Agricultural Ecology and Resource Protection Shandong Agricultural Ecology and Resource Protection StationJinanPeople’s Republic of China Center of Resource and Ecology Environment Research Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouPeople’s Republic of China Zhejiang Ecological Civilization Academy AnjiPeople’s Republic of China Development Research Center for Surveying and Mapping Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China

Growing demand for seafood and reduced fishery harvests have raised intensive farming of marine aquaculture in coastal regions,which may cause severe coastal water problems without adequate environmental management.Effective mapping of mariculture areas is essential for the protection of coastal environments.However,due to the limited spatial coverage and complex structures,it is still challenging for traditional methods to accurately extract mariculture areas from medium spatial resolution(MSR)images.To solve this problem,we propose to use the full resolution cascade convolutional neural network(FRCNet),which maintains effective features over the whole training process,to identify mariculture areas from MSR images.Specifically,the FRCNet uses a sequential full resolution neural network as the first-level subnetwork,and gradually aggregates higher-level subnetworks in a cascade way.Meanwhile,we perform a repeated fusion strategy so that features can receive information from different subnetworks simultaneously,leading to rich and representative features.As a result,FRCNet can effectively recognize different kinds of mariculture areas from MSR images.Results show that FRCNet obtained better performance than other classical and recently proposed methods.Our developed methods can provide valuable datasets for large-scale and intelligent modeling of the marine aquaculture management and coastal zone planning.

关键词： Mariculture areas GaoFen-1 wide-field-of-view images fully convolutional neural networks deep learning

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Uranium isotopes of aeolian dust deposited in northern Tibetan Plateau glaciers:Implications for tracing aeolian dust provenance

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Fundamental Research 2022年第5期2卷 716-726页

作者： Xiaoyu Jiao Zhiwen Dong Janice Brahney Eric J.R.Parteli fangzhou li Marcelli Augusto Ting Wei State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Lanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Watershed Sciences Utah State UniversityLoganUT 84322USA Faculty of Physics University of Duisburg-EssenDuisburg 47057Germany School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China CNR-Istituto Struttura della Materia and Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste Basovizza Area Science ParkTrieste 34149Italy

Asian dust comprises a large portion of the northern hemisphere atmospheric dust load,thereby exerting substantial influence on the Earth’s climate,global biogeochemistry and hydrological cycle through accelerated snow and ice melt.Dust deposited on alpine glaciers encodes information on broad scale atmospheric-environmental processes.The(^(234)U/^(238)U)values of dust fine particulates can reflect the comminuting time and intermediate processes;thus,it provides a new method for the provenance of aeolian dust in the glacial snowpack/cryoconite.Here we present results from a comprehensive survey of uranium isotopic concentrations in dust collected from cryoconites on the glaciers of the northern Tibetan Plateau(TP).These results indicate significant spatial heterogeneity in the(^(234)U/^(238)U)values associated with snowpack/cryoconite dust over a broad range of glaciers in the northern TP.The values of the(^(234)U/^(238)U)ratio in the glaciers of western Qilian Mountains(Qiyi Glacier,Shiyi Glacier,Laohugou Glacier No.12)were the highest,followed by the Tanggula(Dunkemadi Glacier)and Kunlun Mountains(Yuzhufeng Glacier),whereas these values were the lowest in the eastern Qilian Mountains(Jingyangling Snowpack,Dabanshan Snowpack,Lenglongling Glacier).By including the analysis of Sr-Nd isotopic compositions,we find the spatial isotopic distribution reflects a combination of local dust,which is associated with short comminuting times,and dust transported over long ranges.Meteorological data indicate that the dust production in the west and north TP,Alxa arid lands and Gobi Deserts,may have a significant impact on the TP glaciers.Moreover,U-Sr-Nd isotopic composition and end-member mixing models(EMMA)were used in our study to find out the relative contribution of distinct Asian dust sources to the dust budget in the TP glaciers.The results reveal that snowpack/cryoconite dust is derived from both local sources(low comminution signatures)as well as other dust sources in the Asian region.Our study demonstrates the potent

关键词： Uranium isotopes Aeolian dust provenance (^(234)U/^(238)U)values Dust budget Tibetan Plateau glaciers

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Preparation and photocatalytic properties of porous C and N co-doped TiO_2 deposited on brick by a fast, one-step microwave irradiation method

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第10期29卷 24-32页

作者： fangzhou li Jiangshan Zhou Chun Du Wei li Yinzhen Wang Guannan He Qinyu He South China Normal University School of Physics & Telecommunication Engineering

A one-step microwave irradiation method was used to deposit carbon and nitrogen co-doped TiO2（（C, N）-TiO2） on commercial brick（（C, N）-TiO2/brick）. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet–visible（UV–vis） diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. A selective technique was also used to investigate the concentration of hydroxyl radicals during UV–vis irradiation of the Methyl Orange solution with the as-prepared samples. The C and N dopants enhanced visible light absorption and provided a longer lifetime for the photo-generated electron–hole pairs. The SEM images showed that the as-prepared sample is porous. The dark adsorption and photodegradation test for（C, N）-TiO2/brick showed good photodegradation and good recyclability. The best photodegradation rate was 94% after 2 hr. The maximum degradation rate was maintained even after the 6th cycle. The good photocatalytic properties are attributed to the enhanced visible light absorption, enhanced pollutant adsorption arising from the porous structure of the（C, N）-TiO2 thin film, and longer lifetime of the photo-generated electron–hole pairs.（C, N）-TiO2/brick should have potential commercial applications in photodegradation processes because of its low cost, good photodegradation, and excellent recyclability.

关键词：（C,N）-TiO2/brick hybridization Low cost Longer lifetime Good photocatalytic properties Good recyclability

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Intracellular aggregations of biological elements:From simple to complex

Aggregate

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Aggregate 2021年第3期2卷 14-20页

作者： fangzhou li Xinmiao Lan Xing-Jie liang Laboratory of Controllable Nanopharmaceuticals Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Center for Excellence in Nanoscience and CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijingChina Discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Faculty of DentistryThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina

Most cellular elements could be functioned by forming aggregate structures through interactions with other molecules,which is like the luminescence mechanism of AIE molecules.However,in comparison to AIE molecules,the aggregation of biological elements appears to be more complex due to membership and mechanism,which is in line with the trend in biological evolution following the principle of simplicity to complexity.Here,we chose three distinctive examples because they differ significantly in their composition and show a progression from simple to complex,namely protein–protein complexes,protein–nucleic acid complexes,and protein–nucleic acid–lipid complexes.The majority of units that perform functions within cells belong to these three types.We discuss the formation mechanisms and related functions of the protein–protein complex(PML-NB),the proteins–nucleic acids complex ribosome,and the proteins–nucleic acids–lipids complex exosome,and hope to provide expert insight for related fields.

关键词： exosome PML nuclear body PML-NBs ribosome

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