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Liver abscess and tracheal fistula induced by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第16期12卷 2911-2916页

作者： Fu-Long Zhang Jing Xu Yu-Hong Jiang yuan-Dong zhu Qian-Neng Wu Yan Shi fang-yuan zhu Jing-Wen Chen Liang-Xiao Wu Department of Gastroenterology Hangzhou Xixi HospitalHangzhou 310023Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Hepatopathy Hangzhou Xixi HospitalHangzhou 310023Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is a standard treatment for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).The complications of TACE include biliary tract infection,liver dysfunction,tumor lysis syndrome,biloma,partial intestinal obstruction,cerebral lipiodol embolism,etc.There are few reports about tracheal fistula induced by TACE.CASE SUMMARY A 42-year-old man came to our hospital with cough and expectoration for 1 month after TACE for HCC.Laboratory test results showed abnormalities of albumin,hemoglobin,prothrombin time,C-reactive protein,D-dimer,and prothrombin.Culture of both phlegm and liver pus revealed growth of Citrobacter flavescens.Computed tomography showed infection in the inferior lobe of the right lung and a low-density lesion with gas in the right liver.Liver ultrasound showed that there was a big hypoechoic liquid lesion without blood flow signal.Drainage for liver abscess by needle puncture under ultrasonic guidance was performed.After 1 month of drainage and anti-infection therapy,the abscess in the liver and the infection in the lung were reduced obviously,and the symptom of expectoration was relieved.CONCLUSION Clinicians should be alert to the possibility of complications of liver abscess and tracheal fistula after TACE for HCC.Drainage for liver abscess by needle puncture under ultrasonic guidance could relieve the liver abscess and tracheal fistula.

关键词： Tracheal fistula Liver abscess Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization Hepatocellular carcinoma Drainage Case report

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Photocatalytic synthesis of small-molecule drugs by porous framework materials

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 52-65页

作者： Yingying Zhao Jiangpei yuan Lei zhu Yu fang State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Innovation Institute of Industrial Design and Machine Intelligence Quanzhou-Hunan University Quanzhou 362801China

Small-molecule drugs are widely used in daily life.There are still issues with the current industrial synthesis techniques for small-molecule drugs,such as the use of expensive metal catalysts,convoluted reaction processes,and non-recyclable catalysts.The benefits of photocatalytic organic synthesis over conventional techniques are mild conditions,environmental friendliness,and great selectivity.Porous framework materials can precisely modulate catalytic sites'electronic state and ligand structure to improve photocatalytic performance.In particular,MOFs,COFs and PCCs based photocatalysts have received extensive research interest due to their unique morphology,structural adjustability,high photocatalytic performance,unique recyclability,excellent chemical stability,easy synthesis and low cost.Therefore,a key area for future research is the development of porous framework materials as photocatalysts for the synthesis of small-molecule drugs or drug precursors.

关键词： Small-molecule drug Porous framework materials Photocatalysis

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Surface-state controlled synthesis of hydrophobic and hydrophilic carbon dots

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4391-4399页

作者： Chan Wang yuan fang Mi Zhang Huan zhuo Qijun Song Han zhu Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical and Material EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Jiangsu Snow Leopard Household Chemical Co. Ltd.Wuxi 214400China

It is of great significance to synthesize carbon dots(CDs)with desirable hydrophilicity for the ever-growing application of CDs in different fields.In this study,the hydrophilic and hydrophobic CDs were facilely prepared by solvothermal treatment of o-dihydroxybenzene and urea in N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF).Optimization experiments revealed that the solvothermal temperature has a great impact on the surface states of the CDs.The hydrophobic CDs with a contact angle of 110.7°was obtained at 200℃.The structural and optical characterizations,along with theoretical calculations elucidated that the lipophilic nature of the CDs was resulting from the formation of polymer chains.The presence of extended conjugated sp^(2)-domains and amino groups contributed to the red emission of the CDs synthesized at low reaction temperatures(160-200℃).With the further increase of solvothermal temperature,the hydrophobic CDs were gradually transformed to the hydrophilic state accompanying the blue shift of the fluorescence of the CDs.The highly hydrophilic CDs with a contact angle of 25.9°were obtained at 240℃ due to the increased formation of hydrophilic functional groups on the surface of CDs.The red emissive CDs exhibited a sensitive color and fluorescence response to ethanol content while the fluorescence of the blue emissive CDs remained constant.By combining the two kinds of CDs,a dual-emission sensor was constructed,which was successfully applied for the evaluation of the alcoholic strength in commercial Baijiu commodities in both fluorometric and colorimetric modes.

关键词： carbon dots surface chemistry hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity solvothermal temperature alcoholic strength evaluation

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Discontinuous phase diagram of amorphous carbons

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 164-171页

作者： YinBo zhu ZhouYu fang ZhongTing Zhang HengAn Wu CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Modern MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The short-range order and medium-range order of amorphous carbons demonstrated in experiments allow us to rethink whether there exist intrinsic properties hidden by atomic disordering. Here we presented six representative phases of amorphous carbons（0.1–3.4 g/cm3）, namely, disordered graphene network（DGN）, high-density amorphous carbon（HDAC）, amorphous diaphite（a-DG）, amorphous diamond（a-D）, paracrystalline diamond（p-D）, and nano-polycrystalline diamond（NPD）, respectively, classified by their topological features and microstructural characterizations that are comparable with experiments. To achieve a comprehensive physical landscape for amorphous carbons, a phase diagram was plotted in the sp3/sp2versus density plane, in which the counterintuitive discontinuity originates from the inherent difference in topological microstructures, further guiding us to discover a variety of phase transitions among different amorphous carbons. Intriguingly, the power law, log（sp3/sp2） ∝ ρn, hints at intrinsic topology and hidden order in amorphous carbons, providing an insightful perspective to reacquaint atomic disorder in non-crystalline carbons.

关键词： amorphous carbons disordered carbons phase diagram microstructural topology phase transition

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Photonic neuromorphic architecture for tens-of-task lifelong learning

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 519-530页

作者： yuan Cheng Jianing Zhang Tiankuang Zhou Yuyan Wang Zhihao Xu Xiaoyun yuan Lu fang Sigma Laboratory Department of Electronic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist) Beijing 100084China Institute for Brain and Cognitive Science Tsinghua University(THUIBCS)Beijing 100084China

Scalable,high-capacity,and low-power computing architecture is the primary assurance for increasingly manifold and large-scale machine learning tasks.Traditional electronic artificial agents by conventional power-hungry processors have faced the issues of energy and scaling walls,hindering them from the sustainable performance improvement and iterative multi-task learning.Referring to another modality of light,photonic computing has been progressively applied in high-efficient neuromorphic systems.Here,we innovate a reconfigurable lifelong-learning optical neural network(L2 ONN),for highly-integrated tens-of-task machine intelligence with elaborated algorithm-hardware codesign.Benefiting from the inherent sparsity and parallelism in massive photonic connections,L2 ONN learns each single task by adaptively activating sparse photonic neuron connections in the coherent light field,while incrementally acquiring expertise on various tasks by gradually enlarging the activation.The multi-task optical features are parallelly processed by multi-spectrum representations allocated with different wavelengths.Extensive evaluations on freespace and on-chip architectures confirm that for the first time,L2 ONN avoided the catastrophic forgetting issue of photonic computing,owning versatile skills on challenging tens-of-tasks(vision classification,voice recognition,medical diagnosis,etc.)with a single model.Particularly,L2 ONN achieves more than an order of magnitude higher efficiency than the representative electronic artificial neural networks,and 14×larger capacity than existing optical neural networks while maintaining competitive performance on each individual task.The proposed photonic neuromorphic architecture points out a new form of lifelong learning scheme,permitting terminal/edge AI systems with light-speed efficiency and unprecedented scalability.

关键词： life neural versatile

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Pancreatic panniculitis as the first presentation of pancreatic ductaladenocarcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 106-108页

作者： Wei-fang zhu Shan fang Jian-Jun Qiao Department of Dermatology the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China

To the Editor:Pancreatic panniculitis,also known as pancreatic fat necrosis or enzymatic panniculitis,is a rare type of panniculitis that occurs in 0.3%−3%of patients with pancreatic disease such as acute or chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic carcinoma,especially acinar cell carcinoma[1,2].The clinical manifestations are nonspecific erythema tender nodules.

关键词： Pancreatic acute adenocarcinoma

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Relationships between blood chromium exposure and liver injury:Exploring the mediating role of systemic inflammation in a chromate-exposed population

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 224-234页

作者： Zekang Su Yali Zhang Shiyi Hong Qiaojian Zhang Jiayu Xu Guiping Hu Xiaojun zhu fang yuan Shanfa Yu Tianchen Wang Guang Jia Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Engineering Medicine and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China National Center for Occupational Safety and Health Beijing 102308China Department of Occupational Health and Radiological Health Chongqing Centers for Disease Control and PreventionChongqing 400042China Henan Institute for Occupational Medicine Zhengzhou 450052China Department of Clinical Laboratory Third Hospital of Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China

Hexavalent chromium and its compounds are prevalent pollutants,especially in the work environment,pose a significant risk for multisystem toxicity and cancers.While it is known that chromium accumulation in the liver can cause damage,the dose-response relationship between blood chromium(Cr)and liver injury,as well as the possible potential toxic mechanisms involved,remains poorly understood.To address this,we conducted a follow-up study of 590 visits from 305 participants to investigate the associations of blood Cr with biomarkers for liver injury,including serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total bilirubin(TBIL),and direct bilirubin(DBIL),and to evaluate the mediating effects of systemic inflammation.Platelet(PLT)and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)were utilized as biomarkers of systemic inflammation.In the linear mixed-effects analyses,each 1-unit increase in blood Cr level was associated with estimated effect percentage increases of 0.82%(0.11%,1.53%)in TBIL,1.67%(0.06%,3.28%)in DBIL,0.73%(0.04%,1.43%)in ALT and 2.08%(0.29%,3.87%)in AST,respectively.Furthermore,PLT mediated 10.04%,11.35%,and 10.77%increases in TBIL,DBIL,and ALT levels induced by chromate,respectively.In addition,PLR mediated 8.26%and 15.58%of the association between blood Cr and TBIL or ALT.These findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying blood Cr-induced liver injury,which is partly due to worsening systemic inflammation.

关键词： Blood chromate Liver injury Systemic inflammation Mediation analysis

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Life forms affect beta-diversity patterns of larch forests in China

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Plant Diversity 2024年第1期46卷 49-58页

作者： Wenjing fang Qiong Cai Chengjun Ji Jiangling zhu Zhiyao Tang Jingyun fang School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Department of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Beta-diversity reflects the spatial changes in community species composition which helps to understand how communities are assembled and biodiversity is formed and maintained. Larch(Larix) forests, which are coniferous forests widely distributed in the mountainous and plateau areas in North and Southwest China, are critical for maintaining the environmental conditions and species diversity. Few studies of larch forests have examined the beta-diversity and its constituent components(species turnover and nestedness-resultant components). Here, we used 483 larch forest plots to determine the total betadiversity and its components in different life forms(i.e., tree, shrub, and herb) of larch forests in China and to evaluate the main drivers that underlie this beta-diversity. We found that total betadiversity of larch forests was mainly dependent on the species turnover component. In all life forms,total beta-diversity and the species turnover component increased with increasing geographic, elevational, current climatic, and paleoclimatic distances. In contrast, the nestedness-resultant component decreased across these same distances. Geographic and environmental factors explained 20%-25% of total beta-diversity, 18%-27% of species turnover component, and 4%-16% of nestedness-resultant component. Larch forest types significantly affected total beta-diversity and species turnover component. Taken together, our results indicate that life forms affect beta-diversity patterns of larch forests in China, and that beta-diversity is driven by both niche differentiation and dispersal limitation. Our findings help to greatly understand the mechanisms of community assemblies of larch forests in China.

关键词： Beta-diversity Species turnover Nestedness-resultant Geographic distance Climatic distance Larch forest

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Comprehensive effects of traditional Chinese medicine treatment on heart failure and changes in B-type natriuretic peptide levels: A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第4期12卷 766-776页

作者： Li-Li Xia Shu-Yun Yang Jun-Yao Xu Han-Qing Chen zhu-yuan fang Hypertension Research Institute Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of General Practice Southeast University Affiliated Zhongda HospitalNanjing 210009Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Heart failure(HF),a common cardiovascular condition,is characterized by significant morbidity and mortality.While traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is often used as a complementary approach in HF management,systematic evalua-tions of its impact on clinical outcomes,TCM syndrome scores,and B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP)levels are lacking.This study fills this gap through a comprehensive analysis of randomized controlled trials(RCTs)focusing on TCM for HF treatment.It encompasses an assessment of methodological quality,a meta-analysis,and an evaluation of evidence quality based on established standards.The results offer crucial insights into the potential advantages and constraints of TCM in HF management.RCTs on TCM for HF treatment published since the establishment of the database were searched in four Chinese and English databases,including China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang,VIP Information Chinese Science and Technology Journal,and PubMed.Methodological quality was assessed for the included studies with the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool,and the meta-analysis and publication bias assessment was performed with the RevMan5.3 software.Finally,the quality of evidence was rated according to the GRADE criteria.RESULTS A total of 1098 RCTs were initially retrieved.After screening,16 RCTs were finally included in our study,which were published between 2020 and 2023.These RCTs involved 1660 HF patients,including 832 in the TCM group[TCM combined with conventional Western medicine(CMW)treatment]and 828 in the CWM group(CWM treatment).The course of treatments varied from 1 wk to 3 months.TCM syndrome differentiation was analyzed in 11 of the included RCTs.In all included RCTs,outcome indicators included comprehensive clinical outcomes,TCM syndrome scores,and BNP levels.The meta-analysis results showed significant differences between the TCM and CWM groups in terms of comprehensive clinical outcomes[risk ratio=-0.54;95%confidence interval(CI)=-0.61,-0.47;P<0.00001],TCM syndrome scores[weighte

关键词： Traditional Chinese medicine Heart failure Comprehensive clinical outcomes Traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score B-type natriuretic peptide level Meta-analysis©The Author(s)2024.Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

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Gradient microstructure and superior strength-ductility synergy of AZ61 magnesium alloy bars processed by radial forging with different deformation temperatures

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第3期170卷 65-77页

作者： Jingfeng Zou Lifeng Ma Yanchun zhu Ling Qin yuan yuan School of Mechanical Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Heavy Machinery Engineering Research Center of the Ministry Education Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Department of Engineering University of HullCottingham RdHull HU67RXUK National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Gradient microstructure modification is a cost-efficient strategy for high strength without compromising ductility,which is urgently needed in the fundamental science of engineering materials.In this study,heterogeneous structures of AZ61 alloy bars with anisotropic gradients(with different grain size distributions from the surface to the center)were observed to exhibit strong strength-ductility synergies under different deformation tem peratures.The results reveal that the grain refinement process under mediumlow temperature deformation conditions(≤350℃)consists of four transition stages along the radial direction,i.e.,twin activations and deformation band formations,dislocation cells and pile-ups,ultrafine sub-grains,and randomly orientated quasi-micron grains.Different deformation temperatures have a great influence on twin activations and deformation band formations,and the high temperature can easily provoke the initiation of non-basal slip.The deformation bands were determined as a primary nucleation site due to their highly unstable dislocation hindrance ability.Analysis in combination with the Radial forging(RF)deformation process,the differences of dynamic precipitates can be attributed to microstructural difference and solubility limit of Al at different tem peratures.By summarizing the tensile test results,the sample forged at 350℃exhibited the best strength-ductility synergy,exhibiting the highest elongation(EL)of 23.2%with a 251 MPa yield strength(YS)and 394 MPa ultimate tensile strength(UTS)in center region,and combined with the highest strength value of 256 MPa YS and 420 MPa UTS in the center region,while the EL was slightly degraded to 19.8%.

关键词： Gradient microstructure Radial forging Strength-ductility synergy Magnesium alloy Strengthening mechanism

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