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Experimental investigation on the spread of aqueous foam over ethanol surface

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第11期28卷 2946-2954页

作者： Xiaoyang Yu fan Li Xuyang Miao Ning Jiang Ruowen Zong Shouxiang Lu Changhai Li State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

The presence of ethanol has an adverse effect on foam spreading,and ethanol fire is difficult to extinguish with aqueous fire-fighting ***,it is necessary to explore the foam formulation suitable for ethanol fuels and study the spreading behavior of foam over ethanol *** the current work,stable foams based on hydrocarbon surfactant(SDS),fluorocarbon surfactant(FC1157),and polymers(xg)were prepared by using the compressed-air foam *** spreading behaviors of foam on polar ethanol and non-polar heptane surface were observed and ***,the effects of stabilizer concentrations,foam flow rates and expansion ratios on foam spreading performance were investigated,*** results indicate that aqueous SDS foam can spread on the heptane layer continuously,but it is difficult to cover the ethanol *** addition of xg and FC1157 can synergistically improve the spreading performance of aqueous foam over *** on stabilizer concentrations,there are remarkable differences in foam spreading ***,different foam application parameters including expansion ratios and foam flow rates significantly affect the foam spreading rate,despite the same foam *** research methods and results guide the optimal design of foam formulations as well as the practical application of aqueous foam for ethanol fire extinguishment.

关键词： Aqueous foam Ethanol Spreading behavior Fluorocarbon surfactant Xanthan gum polymer

Konjac glucomannan and xanthan gum as compression coat for colonic drug delivery:experimental and theoretical evaluations

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010年第1期4卷 102-108页

作者： Kang WANG Jiangyang fan Yanjun LIU Zhimin HE Enzyme Technology Laboratory Chemical Engineering Research CenterSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Compression coated tablets for oral colon specific delivery systems were developed with a mixture polysaccharide of konjac glucomannan(KGM)and xanthan gum(xg)as the compression *** of cimetidine from compression coated tablets was investigated by release experiment in Vitro.0.22U/mLβ-mannanase was applied in the mimic colon *** structure of the mixture polysaccharide was studied by an atomic force microscope(AFM).The experimental results indicate that a KGM70 tablet with a 0.4 g coat is of good design,due to a less than 5%drug loss in the mimic upper gastrointestinal solution by the synergistic interaction between xg and KGM,and due to about 50%cumulative release in the mimic colon solution by degradation after 24 *** release mechanism and model are discussed based on different periods of drug release including the delay of the drug,the constant release without an enzyme and the delay of *** hydrolysis byβ-mannanase,drug release from the tablet with KGM coat shows an exponential increase,while that from the dosage with the mixture polysaccharide coat is an approximately zero-order process in which the constant release rate relates to the release velocity of a non-degraded system,the content of KGM within the coat and the average molecular weight ratio of KGM to *** was found that xg was the framework of the polysaccharide mixtures by AFM,which is similar to the analysis results from experiments on drug release.

关键词： colon specific delivery compression coated tablet konjac glucomannan xanthan gum synergistic interaction release mechanism and model different period of release structure of mixture polysaccharide

High-Resolution Projections of Mean and Extreme Precipitation over China by Two Regional Climate Models

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2020年第5期34卷 965-985页

作者： Zhiyu JIANG Zhan TIAN Guangtao DONG Laixiang SUN Peiqun ZHANG Erasmo BUONOMO Dongli fan Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai 201400China Shanghai Climate Center Shanghai Meteorological ServiceShanghai 200030China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Key Laboratory of Cities'Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Shanghai China Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030China Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA School of Finance and Management School of Oriental and African Studies of University of LondonL ondon WC1H 0XGUK Beijing Climate Center/National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter EX 13PBUK

In this study, we employ two regional climate models(RCMs or RegCMs), which are RegCM4 and PRECIS(Providing Regional Climates for Impact Studies), with a horizontal grid spacing of 25 km, to simulate the precipitation dynamics across China for the baseline climate of 1981–2010 and two future climates of 2031–2060 and 2061–2090. The global climate model(GCM)—Hadley Centre Global Environment Model version 2-Earth Systems(HadGEM2-ES) is used to drive the two RCMs. The results of baseline simulations show that the two RCMs can correct the obvious underestimation of light rain below 5 mm day^-1 and the overestimation of precipitation above 5 mm day^-1 in Northwest China and the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, as being produced by the driving GCM. While PRECIS outperforms RegCM4 in simulating annual precipitation and wet days in several sub-regions of Northwest China, its underperformance shows up in eastern China. For extreme precipitation, the two RCMs provide a more accurate simulation of continuous wet days(CWD) with reduced biases and more realistic spatial patterns compared to their driving GCM. For other extreme precipitation indices, the RCM simulations show limited benefit except for an improved performance in some localized regions. The future projections of the two RCMs show an increase in the annual precipitation amount and the intensity of extreme precipitation events in most regions. Most areas of Southeast China will experience fewer number of wet days, especially in summer, but more precipitation per wet day(≥ 30 mm day^-1). By contrast, number of wet days will increase in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau and some areas of northern China. The increase in both the maximum precipitation for five consecutive days and the regional extreme precipitation will lead to a higher risk of increased flooding. The findings of this study can facilitate the efforts of climate service institutions and government agencies to improve climate services and to make climate-smart decisions

关键词： climate change extreme precipitation dynamical downscaling regional climate models(RCMs) Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment(CORDEX)

A novel and smart automatic light-seeking flowerpot for monitoring flower growth environment

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第2期11卷 184-189页

作者： Xihai Zhang Dong Liu Chengguo fan Jiali Du fanfeng Meng Junlong fang School of Electronic Engineering and Information Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

Although the flowerpot is widely used for indoor flowers,it cannot meet the needs of intelligent management during the uncared-for *** objective of this study was to design a new microcontroller-based smart *** overall system was composed of three parts:information collection layer,automatic control layer and data transmission ***,in the process of collecting information,the Laiyite criterion and the normalized weighted average algorithm were adopted to improve the accuracy of information ***,for making precise control decisions,the fuzzy control was used to achieve automatic on-demand ***,the method for comparative analysis of regional light intensity was utilized to achieve light-seeking and *** results showed that the smart flowerpot had strong anti-jamming performance for information collection,the relative soil moisture of flowers could be stably maintained near the optimum humidity(65%),and the light was well-distributed on the flower with the error angle of light-supplementing ranged from-3°to 3°.

关键词： smart flowerpot automatic watering seeking light supplementing light control microcontroller

中国奶牛养殖业种源“卡脖子”问题识别、成因与破解路径

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黑龙江畜牧兽医 2023年第12期 7-13页

作者：何婉樊斌东北农业大学经济管理学院哈尔滨150030

良种是奶业生产的基础,受到进口不确定性和不稳定性的影响,我国奶牛养殖业不得不面对种源“卡脖子”困局。本研究基于我国奶牛养殖业种源对外依赖现状,界定奶牛养殖业种源“卡脖子”问题的内涵,利用Patsnap全球专利数据库,综合识别奶牛... 详细信息

良种是奶业生产的基础,受到进口不确定性和不稳定性的影响,我国奶牛养殖业不得不面对种源“卡脖子”困局。本研究基于我国奶牛养殖业种源对外依赖现状,界定奶牛养殖业种源“卡脖子”问题的内涵,利用Patsnap全球专利数据库,综合识别奶牛养殖业种源“卡脖子”问题及程度,分析其成因,并提出破解困境的路径。结果表明:我国奶牛养殖业种源严重依赖进口,种(奶)牛、牛冻精和胚胎存在“强卡脖子”风险。通过分析专利申请数量、被引用次数、申请机构类型和同族专利数量四个指标,发现奶牛养殖业种源“卡脖子”问题的成因在于育种科技创新能力弱、产学研融合体系不完善和科技创新价值低。因此,建议从着力提升育种科技创新能力、优化完善产学研深度融合技术创新体系和切实提高育种科技成果创新价值三个层面破解中国奶牛养殖业种源“卡脖子”问题。

关键词：奶牛养殖业种源 “卡脖子” 破解路径 Patsnap数据库

基于遗传算法-反向传播神经网络及响应面法优化香薷漱口水配方工艺

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甘肃医药 2024年第7期43卷 641-645页

作者：范彬白雯静彭腾腾尹盼盼李海燕沈薇马趣环王新娣刘东彦石晓峰甘肃省医学科学研究院甘肃兰州730050 兰州市食品药品检验检测研究院甘肃兰州730050 甘肃中医药大学药学院甘肃兰州730000

目的:研制一种具有抑菌作用的新型复方中药漱口水。方法:以药食同源中药香薷为主要原料,以乙醇、甘油、柠檬酸-木糖醇的用量为考察因素,感官评分(色泽、香味、滋味)作为评价指标,在单因素试验和响应面试验的基础上,采用反向传播神经网... 详细信息

目的:研制一种具有抑菌作用的新型复方中药漱口水。方法:以药食同源中药香薷为主要原料,以乙醇、甘油、柠檬酸-木糖醇的用量为考察因素,感官评分(色泽、香味、滋味)作为评价指标,在单因素试验和响应面试验的基础上,采用反向传播神经网络建立预测模型,结合遗传算法优选漱口水的配方工艺;采用梯度稀释法测定漱口水的最小抑菌浓度。结果:该中药漱口水的最佳配方为:乙醇3.8%,甘油10.4%,柠檬酸-木糖醇0.31%;抑菌试验表明漱口水对大肠杆菌抑制作用较强,对金黄色葡萄球菌具有一定的抑制作用,其MIC分别为0.0741 g/mL和0.1481 g/mL。结论:该中药漱口水制备方法简单,具有一定的抑菌作用,可为药食同源中药的开发利用提供参考。

关键词：香薷漱口水反向传播神经网络配方工艺抑菌作用

柔性纳米脂质体双氯芬酸钠外用透皮吸收的效果

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中国组织工程研究与临床康复 2007年第22期11卷 4355-4358页

作者：范荣梁清华王娟唐涛熊新贵陈疆中南大学湘雅医院中西结合科湖南省长沙市410008

目的:观察双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体皮肤给药缓释系统体外透皮吸收情况。方法:验于2005-03/11在中南大学湘雅医院中西结合研究所完成。实验材料:双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体(中南大学化工研究所,将双氯芬酸钠制成纳米粒,并包封于卵磷脂及... 详细信息

目的:观察双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体皮肤给药缓释系统体外透皮吸收情况。方法:验于2005-03/11在中南大学湘雅医院中西结合研究所完成。实验材料:双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体(中南大学化工研究所,将双氯芬酸钠制成纳米粒,并包封于卵磷脂及其有生物膜特性和功能的脂质体中,其粒径为30～100nm),扶他林(双氯芬酸钠)。实验分组:15只健康的SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为3组:质量分数为0.01的扶他林组、质量分数为0.05的外用双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体组和质量分数为0.1的外用双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体组,每组5只。将鼠皮装于Franz扩散池,角质层面向供给室,真皮层面向接受池,分别将质量分数为0.05的外用双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体25mg、质量分数为0.1的外用双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体12.5mg和质量分数为0.01的扶他林125mg(含双氯芬酸钠均为1.25mg)均匀涂布于大鼠皮肤角质层表面,分别于2,4,6,8,10,12h于接受池取样5mL,用0.45μm微孔滤膜过滤。滤液用生理盐水稀释至10mL,于276nm处测定吸光度值,扣除生理盐水的吸光度值后代入标准曲线,计算累积透过量和12h累积透过率,对比3种制剂经大鼠皮肤的体外透皮吸收差异。结果:质量分数为0.05,0.1的外用双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体组累积透过量、12h累积透过率均高于质量分数为0.01的扶他林组[12h累积透过率分别为(70.76±0.23)%,(75.2±0.32)%,(33.51±0.29)%],差异有显著性意义(t=317.17,232.54,P0.05)。结论:双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体能有效渗透皮肤组织。

关键词：纳米脂质体双氯芬酸钠透皮吸收生物材料控制释放材料

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外用甲氨蝶呤柔性纳米脂质体透皮吸收的效果

中国组织工程研究与临床康复 2007年第9期11卷 1689-1691页

作者：王娟梁清华范荣唐涛熊新贵陈疆中南大学湘雅医院中西结合科湖南省长沙市410008

目的:观察以皮肤给药缓释系统为载体的柔性脂质体甲氨蝶呤柔性纳米脂质体制剂的体外透皮吸收情况。方法:实验于2005-03/11在中南大学湘雅医院中西结合研究所完成。15只健康的SD大鼠随机分为3组:质量分数为0.0025的甲氨蝶呤外敷剂组、质... 详细信息

目的:观察以皮肤给药缓释系统为载体的柔性脂质体甲氨蝶呤柔性纳米脂质体制剂的体外透皮吸收情况。方法:实验于2005-03/11在中南大学湘雅医院中西结合研究所完成。15只健康的SD大鼠随机分为3组:质量分数为0.0025的甲氨蝶呤外敷剂组、质量分数为0.005的外用甲氨蝶呤柔性纳米脂质体组和质量分数为0.0025的外用甲氨蝶呤柔性纳米脂质体组,每组5只。采用Franz扩散池,分别将质量分数为0.0025的外用甲氨蝶呤柔性纳米脂质体0.3g、质量分数为0.005的外用甲氨蝶呤柔性纳米脂质体0.15g和质量分数为0.0025的甲氨蝶呤外敷剂0.3g(含甲氨蝶呤均为0.75mg)均匀涂布于大鼠皮肤角质层表面,分别于2,4,6,8,10,12h用0.45μm微孔滤膜过滤。滤液用生理盐水稀释至10mL,于306nm处测定吸光度值,扣除生理盐水后的吸光度值代入标准曲线,计算累积透过量和12h累积透过率,对比3种制剂经大鼠皮肤的体外透皮吸收差异。结果:质量分数为0.0025,0.005的外用甲氨蝶呤柔性纳米脂质体组累积透过量、12h累积透过率均高于质量分数为0.0025的甲氨蝶呤外敷剂组,差异有显著性意义[12h累积透过率分别为(67.51±0.37)%,(72.79±0.03)%,(24.50±0.08)%,t=325.71,247.24,P0.05)。结论:甲氨蝶呤柔性纳米脂质具有效渗透皮肤组织的作用。

关键词：脂质体甲氨蝶呤体外皮肤渗透

柔性纳米脂质体载体增强双氯芬酸钠的经皮渗透效果:与普通外用制剂比较的随机对照动物实验

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中国组织工程研究与临床康复 2007年第18期11卷 3597-3600页

作者：范荣梁清华王娟唐涛熊新贵陈疆中南大学湘雅医院中西结合科湖南省长沙市410008

目的:通过与普通外用制剂对比,观察双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体对类风湿性关节炎大鼠的镇痛、抗炎效果,评估柔性纳米脂质体这种新型皮肤给药载体的促进药物局部吸收作用。方法:实验于2005-03/11在中南大学湘雅医院中西结合研究所完成。选... 详细信息

目的:通过与普通外用制剂对比,观察双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体对类风湿性关节炎大鼠的镇痛、抗炎效果,评估柔性纳米脂质体这种新型皮肤给药载体的促进药物局部吸收作用。方法:实验于2005-03/11在中南大学湘雅医院中西结合研究所完成。选择SD大鼠80只,按随机数字表法分成4组:正常对照组、扶他林组、5%双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体组、10%双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体组,每组20只。每组10只用于镇痛实验,10只用于抗炎实验。①镇痛实验:热板实验:每组大鼠双后足分别涂抹生理盐水、扶他林乳胶剂、5%双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体和10%双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体,每足0.5g,每隔6min涂药1次,连续5次。末次给药10min后将足洗净,在5,10,15,25min分别测定大鼠舔足次数。扭体实验:每组大鼠腹部分别涂抹生理盐水、扶他林乳胶剂、5%双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体和10%双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体,给药20min后,各组大鼠分别腹腔注射0.6%的醋酸溶液,0.01mL/g,分别在给药后1,2,4,6h观察并记录20min内大鼠的扭体次数,计算其扭体反应抑制率,扭体反应抑制率=[(正常对照组扭体次数-用药组扭体次数)/正常对照组扭体次数]×100%。甲醛舔足实验:每组大鼠右后足分别涂抹生理盐水、扶他林乳胶剂、5%双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体和10%双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体,每10min涂药1次。末次给药10min后分别于右后足皮下注射2.5%甲醛溶液30μL,分别记录每只大鼠10min内舔足的次数。②抗炎实验:扶他林组、5%双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体组、10%双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体组采用皮下注射牛Ⅱ型胶原和完全福氏佐剂制备类风湿性关节炎模型。正常对照组不予任何处理。每组大鼠右后足分别涂抹生理盐水、扶他林乳胶剂,5%双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体和10%双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体,约0.5～1.0g/次(视关节大小而定,即每次给药量按浓度折算为临床常用量100～150mg/d),3次/d。测量致炎后7,l4,21,28,35d右后足踝关节周长。结果:纳入大鼠80只,均进入结果分析。扶他林组、5%双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体组和10%双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体组镇痛、抗炎效果明显高于正常对照组,差异有显著性意义(P0.05)。结论:外用不同剂量双氯芬酸钠柔性纳米脂质体对类风湿性关节炎大鼠较普通外用制剂在镇痛、抗炎方面有更明显的疗效。

关键词：脂质体关节炎,类风湿性双氯芬酸钠生物材料