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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第10期1卷 46-46页

作者： Ezike E.N. rongkavilit C. fairfax m.r. 平智广 Division of Infectious Diseases Children's Hospital of Michigan 3901 Beaubien Blvd. Det roit MI 48201 United States Dr.

Objective: To assess the effect of using 2 throat swabs vs 1 on rapid detectio n of group A streptococcus by the STrEP A OIA mAX (hereafter, OIAmAX) test. meth ods: Children aged 5 to 18 years with acute pharyngitis were randomizedto 1 of 2 study groups. In group 1, one throat swab was obtained, streaked first on sheep blood agar, and then used for OIA mAX testing. In group 2, two throat swabs wer e obtained simultaneously. One swab was streaked first on sheep blood agar and t hen joined with the other swab for OIA mAX testing. In both groups, the pledgets in the collection-transport tube were incubated in Todd-Hewitt broth. A posit ive group A streptococcus culture either by sheep blood agar or Todd-Hewitt bro th was confirmed by a latex agglutination test. results: Three hundred sixtythre e patients were enrolled, 177 in group 1 and 186 in group 2. Cultures were posit ive for group A streptococcus in 154 (42.4%) of 363 patients. The sensitivity a nd specificity of OIA mAX testing were 94.7%and 100.0%, respectively, in group 1, and 92.4%and 96.3%, respectively, in group 2. There was no statistical dif ference between the sensitivity, the specificity, and the predictive values of t he OIA mAX test performed with 1 swab compared with those performed with 2 swabs (P>.10). There was no association between OIA mAX test sensitivity and the seve rity of pharyngitis as measured by the modified Centor criterion (history of fev er, absence of cough, presence of pharyngeal or tonsillar exudates, and presence of cervical lymphadenopathy) scores. Conclusions: The OIA mAX test yielded comp arable sensitivity and specificity in both study groups. The use of 2 throat swa bs instead of 1 swab did not increase the sensitivity of the OIA mAX test. The p erformance of the OIA mAX test did not depend on the severity of pharyngitis.

关键词：抗原检测 A型链球菌拭子胶乳凝集试验急性咽炎肉汤培养扁桃体分泌物颈淋巴结肿大咳嗽症状汤中

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Development of an operational land water mask for mODIS Collection 6,and influence on downstream data products

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第2期10卷 207-218页

作者： m.L.Carroll C.m.Dimiceli J.r.G.Townshend r.A.Sohlberg A.I.Elders S.Devadiga A.m.Sayer r.C.Levy NASA/GSFC Biospheric Sciences Laboratory GreenbeltMDUSA Science Systems and Applications Inc. LanhamMDUSA Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA Atmospheric Oceanic and Earth SciencesGeorge Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA NASA/GSFC Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory GreenbeltMDUSA fGoddard Earth Sciences Technology and research Universities Space Research AssociationGreenbeltMDUSA NASA/GSFC Climate and radiation Laboratory GreenbeltMDUSA

Data from the moderate resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer(mODIS)on-board the Earth Observing System Terra and Aqua satellites are processed using a land water mask to determine when an algorithm no longer needs to be run or when an algorithm needs to follow a different *** the fourth reprocessing(Collection 6(C6))the mODIS team.r.placed the 1 km water mask with a 500 m water mask for im.r.ved representation of the continental *** new water mask represents m.r. small water bodies for an overall increase in water surface from 1%to 2%of the continental *** this is still a small fraction of the overall global surface area the increase is m.r. dramatic in certain areas such as the Arctic and Boreal regions where there are dramatic increases in water surface area in the new *** products generated by the on-going C6 reprocessing using the new land water mask show significant impact in areas with high concentrations of change in the land water *** differences between the Collection 5(C5)and C6 water masks and the impact of these differences on the mOD04 aerosol product and the mOD11 land surface temperature product are shown.

关键词： Earth observation image processing land cover remote sensing water resources

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股东民主的未来

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证券法苑 2014年第2期11卷 323-382页

作者： Lisa m.fairfax 赵金龙乔治华盛顿大学法学院河北大学政法学院

2007年,证券交易委员会(SEC)经过认真考虑最终否决一项要求公司选票上记载股东提名的董事候选人的规则。本文试图弄清这一否决的影响。一方面,SEC的否决对股东权利运动似乎是一个沉重打击。这是因为,许多股东权利倡导者长期以来将利用... 详细信息

2007年,证券交易委员会(SEC)经过认真考虑最终否决一项要求公司选票上记载股东提名的董事候选人的规则。本文试图弄清这一否决的影响。一方面,SEC的否决对股东权利运动似乎是一个沉重打击。这是因为,许多股东权利倡导者长期以来将利用公司选票视为强化股东权利运动的'圣杯'。这些倡导者相信,利用公司选票对确保股东合法参与公司选举程序并影响公司事务至关重要。另一方面,一些公司专家主张,SEC的否决不应视为一个重大挫折。这些专家坚持认为,将利用公司委托书参与董事提名制度视为股东影响的必要条件没有认识到最近发展的重要性,例如绝对多数决制度的成功以及电子委托书规则的通过。因为这些发展为股东提供了影响公司事务的替代方法,有些人甚至认为这些发展可以使利用公司委托书参与董事提名变得无关紧要。确实,在认真研究这些发展的影响以及批判地探讨利用公司委托书参与董事提名对股东努力提高对公司治理的影响后,本文做出推断,虽然其他手段可能会有用,但是他们在强化股东权利方面不可能比利用公司委托书参与董事提名更有效。在此方面,未来的股东民主运动必须继续致力于利用公司委托书参与董事提名这一历史性战役。

关键词：股东权利董事提名委托书否决主运动选票专家制度证券交易选举程序替代方法事务规则公司治理委员会历史性候选人多数决战役推断

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Electron-phonon coupling and spin fluctuations in the Ising superconductor NbSe_(2)

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npj Computational materials 2023年第1期9卷 1686-1694页

作者： S.Das H.Paudyal E.r.m.r.ine D.F.Agterberg I.I.mazin Department of Physics and Astronomy George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030USA Quantum Science and Engineering Center George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030USA Department of Physics Applied Physicsand AstronomyBinghamton University-SUNYBinghamtonNY 13902USA Department of Physics University of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53201USA

Ising superconductivity,observed in NbSe2 and similar materials,has generated tremendous ***,attention was called to the possible role that spin fluctuations(SF)play in this phenomenon,in addition to the dominant electron–phonon coupling(EPC);the possibility of a predominantly triplet state was discussed and led to a conjecture of viable singlet–triplet Leggett ***,these hypotheses have not been put to a quantitative *** this paper,we report first principle calculations of the EPC and also estimate coupling with SF,including full momentum *** find that:(1)EPC is strongly anisotropic,largely coming from the K-K0 scattering,and therefore excludes triplet symmetry even as an excited state;(2)superconductivity is substantially weakened by SF,but anisotropy remains as above;and,(3)we do find the possibility of a Leggett mode,not in a singlet–triplet but in an s_(++)–s_(±)channel.

关键词： coupling phonon superconductivity

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Interrelationship between physical activity and depression in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第3期14卷 612-622页

作者： Ali A Weinstein Leyla De Avila Saisruthi Kannan James m Paik Pegah Golabi Lynn H Gerber Zobair m Younossi Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated research Inova Health SystemFalls ChurchVA 22042United States Global and Community Health George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030United States Center for Liver Disease Department of MedicineInova Fairfax Medical CampusFalls ChurchVA 22042United States Inova medicine Inova Health SystemFalls ChurchVA 22042United States

BACKGrOUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is associated with a sedentary lifestyle and depressive *** is also well established that physical inactivity and depressive symptoms are ***,an investigation of the interaction between all of these factors in NAFLD has not been previously *** To investigate the interrelationship between physical inactivity and depressive symptoms in individuals with *** Data from the rancho Bernardo Study of Healthy Aging were utilized.589 individuals were included in the analyses(43.1%male;95.8%non-Hispanic white;aged 60.0±7.0 years).NAFLD was defined by using the hepatic steatosis index,depression using the Beck Depression Inventory,and physical activity by selfreport of number of times per week of strenuous *** generalized linear regression models with Gamma distribution were performed to investigate the proposed *** About 40%of the sample had evidence of NAFLD,9.3%had evidence of depression,and 29%were physically *** with NAFLD and depression were m.r. likely to be physically inactive(60.7%)compared to individuals with neither NAFLD nor depression(22.9%),individuals with depression without NAFLD(37.0%),and individuals with NAFLD without depression(33.3%).After accounting for various com.r.idities(i.e.,age,sex,diabetes,hypertension,obesity),individuals with NAFLD and higher levels of physical activity were at a decreased odds of having depressive symptoms[16.1%reduction(95%confidence interval:-25.6 to-5.4%),P=0.004],which was not observed in those without *** Individuals with NAFLD have high levels of physical inactivity,particularly those with depressive *** this group is at high risk for poor outcomes,practitioners should screen for the coexistence of depressive symptoms and *** group should receive appropriate interventions aimed at increasing both participation and levels of intensity of physical activ

关键词： Liver disease Outcomes research Psychiatric disorders Exercise

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Psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) social distancing mandates on trauma survivors

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Global Health Journal 2022年第3期6卷 174-179页

作者： maggie m.Parker Stephanie F.Dailey ADiona Emmanuel Andrew Campbell Graduate School of Education and Human Development George Washington UniversityWashington D.C.20052USA College of Education and Human Development George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030USA Psychology and Counseling Department Hood CollegeFrederickMD 21701USA

Objective:Despite recognition that coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic created an unprecedented impact on global mental health,information on the psychological health among trauma survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic is *** sought to examine psychological outcomes among individuals with preexisting traumatic experiences during ***:We sampled 1242 adults in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States under a state-issued Phase 1 stay-at-home mandate to examine associations between pre-pandemic trauma exposure as measured by the Brief Trauma Questionnaire(BTQ)and anxiety and depression,as measured by the Patient reported Outcome Scale Anxiety and Depression(PrOmIS-A and PrOmIS-D).results:Pre-pandemic trauma exposure among the sample was reported,with 281(22.6%)participants identifying as experiencing one trauma,209(16.8%)reporting two,and 468(37.7%)reporting three or *** reported experiences of trauma increased,so did participant anxiety and depressive ***-way Analysis of Variance indicated that reported trauma was significantly positively correlated with anxiety(Pressive symptomatology(Pmmense psychological toll of the COVID-19 pandemic,specifically with individuals who were previously exposed to *** health officials can encourage physicians,employers,and universities to screen patients,employees,and students to assess previous trauma,psychological functioning,and risk *** between physicians and mental health providers including psychiatrists,psychologists,counselors,and social workers to provide evidence informed rapid coordination of care can better meet the global mental health crisis that is arising as a result of this unprecedented global trauma.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) Trauma risk factors Psychological distress mental health

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Adopting GPU computing to support DL-based Earth science applications

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 2660-2680页

作者： Zifu Wang Yun Li Kevin Wang Jacob Cain m.r. Salami Daniel Q.Duffy michael m.Little Chaowei Yang Department of Geography and Geoinformation Science NSF Spatiotemporal Innovation CenterGeorge Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAUSA Department of Geography University of California Santa BarbarGoletaCAUSA NASA Goddard Computational and Information Sciences and Technology OfficeGreenbeltMDUSA

With the advancement of Artificial Intelligence(Al)technologies and accumulation of big Earth data,Deep Learning(DL)has become an important method to discover patterns and understand Earth science processes in the past several *** successful in many Earth science areas,Al/DL applications are often challenging for computing *** recent years,Graphics Processing Unit(GPU)devices have been leveraged to speed up Al/DL applications,yet computational performance still poses a major barrier for DL-based Earth science *** address these computational challenges,we selected five existing sample Earth science Al applications,revised the DL-based models/algorithms,and tested the performance of multiple GPU computing platforms to support the *** softwarepackages,performance comparisonsacross different platforms,along with other results,are *** article can help understand how various Al/mL Earth science applications can be supported by GPU computing and help researchers in the Earth science domain better adopt GPU computing(such as supermicro,GPU clusters,and cloud computing-based)for their Al/mL applications,and to optimize their science applications to better leverage the computing device.

关键词： GPU computing GeoAl open science Earth science artificial intelligence

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Sofosbuvir-based regimens with Task Shifting Is Cost-effective in Expanding Hepatitis C Treatment Access in the United States

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2017年第1期5卷 16-22页

作者： Channa r.Jayasekera rachel Beckerman Nathaniel Smith ryan B.Perumpail robert J.Wong Zobair m.Younossi Aijaz Ahmed Liver Transplant Program Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyStanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA Center for Innovation in Global Health Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA maple Health Group LLCNew YorkNew YorkUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Alameda Health SystemHighland HospitalOaklandCaliforniaUSA Department of medicine Center for Liver DiseasesInova Fairfax HospitalFalls ChurchVirginiaUSA Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated research Inova Health SystemFalls ChurchVirginiaUSA

Background and Aims:The current paradigm of specialist physician-managed treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection(HCV)is inefficient in absorbing the approximately 3 million patients awaiting treatment in the United *** shifting—whereby specialist physicians screen patients for treatment eligibility but on-treatment monitoring is devolved to m.r. abundant non-physician clinicians—achieves non-inferior treatment outcomes with second generation direct-acting antivirals(2^(nd)Gen DAAs),may increase treatment capacity,and may facilitate greater treatment *** determined the cost effectiveness of 2^(nd)Gen DAAs with respect to interferon-based first-generation DAAs(1^(st)Gen DAAs)within a task-shifted treatment ***:Using a previously described decision-analytic m.r.ov structure,we modeled a hypothetical cohort of 1,000 patients with HCV genotype 1 infection over a lifetime horizon,based upon our outreach clinic's HCV treatment ***-naive and treatment-experienced HCV cohorts were modeled separately,based upon our outr8each clinic's *** response to 2^(nd)Gen DAAs was modeled based on our outreach clinic's *** events,utility,costing,and transition probabilities were sourced from the ***:Driven by im.r.ved effectiveness and safety,as well as an expected increase in treatment capacity,2^(nd)Gen DAAs treatment monitored by non-physician clinicians was projected to im.r.ve health outcomes and be dominant from a cost-effective perspective versus that of 1^(st)Gen *** were consistent across all assessed patient ***:Based on an assumption of increased treatment capacity accompanying a task-shifted treatment model,2^(nd)Gen DAAs-based treatment was cost effective and cost saving as compared to 1^(st)Gen DAAs-based treatment for all HCV patient subgroups assessed.

关键词： Hepatitis C Treatment access Task shifting Cost effectiveness

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management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the middle East

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第25期26卷 3528-3541页

作者： Faisal m Sanai Faisal Abaalkhail Fuad Hasan muhammad Hamed Farooqi Nawal Al Nahdi Zobair m Younossi Gastroenterology Unit Department of MedicineKing Abdulaziz Medical CityJeddah 21423Saudi Arabia Department of medicine Alfaisal UniversityRiyadh 11533Saudi Arabia Department of Liver Transplant King Fahad Specialist HospitalDammam 32253Saudi Arabia Department of Internal medicine Faculty of MedicineKuwait UniversitySafat 13110Kuwait Dubai Diabetes Center Dubai Health AuthorityDubai 00000United Arab Emirates Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Dubai Health AuthorityRashid hospitalDubai 00000United Arab Emirates Department of medicine Inova Fairfax Medical CampusFalls ChurchVA 22042United States

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in the middle East is increasing in parallel to an increase in the prevalence of associated risk factors such as obesity,metabolic syndrome,and type 2 diabetes *** 20%to 30%of the patients progress to develop nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),a histological subtype of NAFLD,with features of hepatocyte injury such as hepatocyte *** can progress to fibrosis,cirrhosis,and even hepatocellular *** thus causes a substantial burden on healthcare systems and it is imperative that appropriate strategies are discussed at a regional level to facilitate effective management tailored to the needs of the *** fulfil this unmet need,expert gastroenterologists,hepatologists,and endocrinologists from the region came together in three advisory board meetings that were conducted in Saudi Arabia,United Arab Em.r.tes,and Kuwait,to discuss current local challenges in NAFLD screening and diagnosis,and the different available management *** experts discussed the disease burden of NAFLD/NASH in the middle East;screening,diagnosis,and referral patterns in NAFLD;and available treatment options for NAFLD and *** paper summ.r.zes the discussions and opinion of the expert panel on the management of NAFLD/NASH and also presents an extensive literature review on the topic.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis middle East Expert opinion

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rising rate of Liver Transplantation in the Baby Boom.r.Generation with Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis in the United States

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2017年第3期5卷 193-196页

作者： Osama Siddique mairin Joseph-Talreja Eric r.Yoo ryan B.Perumpail George Cholankeril Stephen A.Harrison Zobair m.Younossi robert J.Wong Aijaz Ahmed Department of medicine Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island/Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence RI USA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA Department of medicine University of Illinois College of Medicine Chicago IL USA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center Memphis TN USA radcliffe Department of medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of medicine Center for Liver DiseasesInova Fairfax HospitalFalls ChurchVAUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Alameda Health SystemHighland HospitalOaklandCAUSA

Background and Aims:Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the most rapidly growing indication for liver transplantation (LT) in the United States and is on a trajectory to become the leading indication for LT in the next *** aimed to study the trends in NASH-related LT among persons born between 1945 and 1965,the baby boom.r.(BB) ***:We performed a retrospective cohort analysis using population-based data from the United Network for Organ Sharing/Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network registry from 2004-2015 to evaluate the birth cohort-specific trends in liver transplant waitlist registrations and liver transplant surgeries in patients with *** stratified our study population into three birth cohorts:1) birth before 1945,2) birth between 1945 and 1965,and 3) birth after ***:The overall rates of NASH-related waitlist registrations and liver transplant surgeries steadily increased from 2004 to 2015 and were reflective of a sharp rise noted in the NASH BB *** 2004 to 2015,the proportion of BB patients with NASH added to LT waitlist demonstrated an incremental growth,60.6% in 2004 versus 83.2% in 2015 (p mong the liver transplant recipients with NASH,the proportion represented by the BB cohort increased from 56.3% in 2004 to 80.0% in 2015 (p report rising rates of waitlist registration and LT for the indication of *** importantly,the BB sub-cohort was mainly responsible for these alarming trends.

关键词： Baby boom.r. Liver transplantation Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Waitlist

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