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Reclamation of oil-induced soil hydrophobicity in the hyper-arid Evrona Nature Reserve,southern Israel

Pedosphere 2021年第6期31卷 892-902页

作者： Zheng LI Zeev RONEN faina gelman Onn CROUVI Gilboa ARYE Ravid ROSENZWEIG Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert ResearchBen-Gurion University of the NegevSede Boqer Campus 8499000(Israel) Geological Survey of Israel 32 Yeshayahu Leibowitz St.Jerusalem 9692100(Israel) French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the NegevSede Boqer Campus 8499000(Israel)

Two oil spills occurred in the Evrona Nature Reserve(southern Israel),in 1975 and *** oil contamination induced highly persistent soil *** objective of this study was to investigate the decrease in oil-induced soil hydrophobicity under different environmental conditions and to assess the relationship between the hydrophobicity and hydrocarbon content.A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted over 1.5 years to monitor the soil hydrophobicity and total hydrocarbon concentration under different environmental *** hypothesized that the addition of water(20% or 50% saturation),nutrients,and biosurfactants can accelerate the reduction in hydrophobicity and decomposition of *** drop penetration time and molarity of ethanol droplet tests were used to assess soil *** parallel,alkane composition and total petroleum hydrocarbons were evaluated to indicate oil *** addition of water,nutrients,and biosurfactants resulted in a concomitant reduction in hydrophobicity and hydrocarbon concentration of varying degrees,exhibiting enhanced degradation and hydrophobicity reduction observed in treatments to which nutrients and biosurfactants were *** the end of the incubation,however,soil hydrophobicity in all treatments remained severe,even though total petroleum hydrocarbon removal was fairly high and reached 40%–80%in the treatments to which water with or without nutrients and/or surfactants was added.

关键词： biodegradation biosurfactant hydrocarbons oil spill soil water repellency water drop penetration time

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Development and evaluation of a safe and effective sugar-free herbal lollipop that kills cavity-causing bacteria

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International Journal of Oral Science 2011年第1期3卷 13-20页

作者： Chu-hong Hu Jian He Randal Eckert Xiao-yang Wu Li-na Li Yan Tian Renate Lux Justin A. Shuffer faina gelman Janet Mentes Sue Spackman Janet Bauer Maxwell H. Anderson Wen-yuan Shi School of Dentistry University of California Los Angeles USA C3 Jian Inc Inglewood USA UCLA School of Nursing University of California Los Angeles USA

Dental caries （tooth decay） is caused by a specific group of cariogenic bacteria, like Streptococcus mutans, which convert dietary sugars into acids that dissolve the mineraI in tooth structure. Killing cariogenic bacteria is an effective way to control or prevent tooth decay. In a previous study, we discovered a novel compound （Glycyrrhizol A）, from the extraction of licorice roots, with strong antimicrobial activity against cariogenic bacteria. In the current study, we developed a method to produce these specific herbal extracts in large quantities, and then used these extracts to develop a sugar-free lollipop that effectively kills cariogenic bacteria like Streptococcus mutans. Further studies showed that these sugar-free lollipops are safe and their antimicrobial activity is stable. Two pilot human studies indicate that a brief application of these lollipops （twice a day for ten days） led to a marked reduction of cariogenic bacteria in oral cavity among most human subjects tested. This herbal lollipop could be a novel tool to promote oral health through functional foods.

关键词： antimicrobial therapy licorice Streptococcus mutans

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Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function during perinatal depression

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2015年第3期31卷 338-350页

作者： Phillipe Leff gelman Mónica Flores-Ramos Margarita López-Martínez Carlos Cruz Fuentes Juan Pablo Reyes Grajeda National Institute of Perinatology Mexico City National Council of Sciences and Technology (CONACy T) Mexico City National Institute of Psychiatry Mexico City National Institute of Genomic Medicine Mexico City

Abnormal function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis is an important pathological finding in pregnant women exhibiting major depressive disorder. They show high levels of cortisol pro- inflammatory cytokines, hypothalamic-pituitary peptide hormones and catecholamines, along with low dehydroepiandrosterone levels in plasma. During pregnancy, the TH2 balance together with the immune system and placental factors play crucial roles in the development of the fetal allograft to full term. These factors, when altered, may generate a persistent dysfunction of the HPA axis that may lead to an overt transfer of cortisol and toxicity to the fetus at the expense of reduced activity of placental 1113-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2. Epigenetic modifications also may contribute to the dysregulation of the HPA axis. Affective disorders in pregnant women should be taken seriously, and therapies focused on preventing the deleterious effects of stressors should be implemented to promote the welfare of both mother and baby.

关键词： brain depression neuroendocrine pregnancy stress glucocorticoids

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Plasma Nogo-A and placental growth factor levels are associated with portal hypertension in patients with liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第23期25卷 2935-2946页

作者： Sigita gelman Violeta Salteniene Andrius Pranculis Jurgita Skieceviciene Romanas Zykus Dalius Petrauskas Limas Kupcinskas Ali Canbay Alexander Link Juozas Kupcinskas Department of Gastroenterology Medical AcademyLithuanian University of Health SciencesKaunas 44307Lithuania Institute for Digestive Research Medical AcademyLithuanian University of Health SciencesKaunas 44307Lithuania Department of Radiology Medical AcademyLithuanian University of Health SciencesKaunas 44307Lithuania Institute for Digestive Research and Department of Gastroenterology Medical AcademyLithuanian University of Health SciencesKaunas 44307Lithuania Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Infectious Diseases Otto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg 39106Germany

BACKGROUND Clinically significant portal hypertension(CSPH) and severe portal hypertension(SPH) increase the risk for decompensation and life-threatening complications in liver cirrhosis. Pathologic angiogenesis might contribute to the formation of these conditions. Placental growth factor(PlGF) and Nogo-A protein are biomarkers of pathological angiogenesis, but data on their role in liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension is *** To determine plasma levels of PlGF and Nogo-A in patients with liver cirrhosis,CSPH, SPH and potential to predict portal *** A cohort of 122 patients with hepatitis C virus and/or alcohol-induced liver cirrhosis with characterized hepatic venous pressure gradient(HVPG) were included in the study. Demographic data, medical history, Child-Turcotte-Pugh and Model of End Stage liver disease score, clinical chemistry, liver stiffnessvalues were recorded on the day of the procedure prior HVPG measurement. The degree of portal hypertension was determined by the invasive HVPG measurement. Nogo-A and PlGF plasma levels were evaluated using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The control group consisted of 30 healthy age-and sex-matched *** Peripheral PlGF levels were higher and Nogo-A levels were lower in patients with liver cirrhosis(23.20 vs 9.85;P < 0.0001 and 2.19 vs 3.12;P = 0.004 respectively). There was a positive linear correlation between peripheral levels of PlGF and HVPG(r = 0.338, P = 0.001) and negative linear correlation between the peripheral Nogo-A levels and HVPG(r =-0.267, P = 0.007). PlGF levels were higher in CSPH and SPH(P = 0.006;P < 0.0001) whereas Nogo-A levels were lower(P = 0.01;P < 0.033). Area under the curve for the diagnosis of CSPH for PlGF was 0.68(P = 0.003) and for Nogo-A-0.67(P = 0.01);for SPH 0.714(P <0.0001) and 0.65(P = 0.014) respectively. PlGF levels were higher and Nogo-A levels were lower in patients with esophageal varices(P < 0.05). PlGF cut-off value of 25 pg/mL dist

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Portal hypertension Angiogenesis Placental growth factor Nogo-A Hepatic venous pressure gradient

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Endogenous motion of liver correlates to the severity of portal hypertension

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第38期26卷 5836-5848页

作者： Sigita gelman Andrius Sakalauskas Romanas Zykus Andrius Pranculis Rytis Jurkonis Irma Kuliavienė Arūnas Lukoševičius Limas Kupčinskas Juozas Kupčinskas Department of Gastroenterology Medical AcademyLithuanian University of Health SciencesKaunas 44307Lithuania Biomedical Engineering Institute Kaunas University of TechnologyKaunas 51423Lithuania Department of Radiology Medical AcademyLithuanian University of Health SciencesKaunas 44307Lithuania Institute for Digestive Research and Department of Gastroenterology Medical AcademyLithuanian University of Health SciencesKaunas 44307Lithuania

BACKGROUND Degree of portal hypertension(PH)is the most important prognostic factor for the decompensation of liver cirrhosis and death,therefore adequate care for patients with liver cirrhosis requires timely detection and evaluation of the presence of clinically significant PH(CSPH)and severe PH(SPH).As the most accurate method for the assessment of PH is an invasive direct measurement of hepatic venous pressure gradient(HVPG),the search for non-invasive methods to diagnose these conditions is actively *** To evaluate the feasibility of parameters of endogenously induced displacements and strain of liver to assess degree of *** Of 36 patients with liver cirrhosis and measured HVPG were included in the casecontrol *** motion of the liver was characterized by derived parameters of region average tissue displacement signal(dantero,dretro,dRMS)and results of endogenous tissue strain imaging using specific radiofrequency signal processing *** endogenous strainμand standard deviationσof strain were assessed in the regions of interest(ROI)(1 cm×1 cm and 2 cm×2 cm in size)and different frequency subbands of endogenous motion(0-10 Hz and 10-20 Hz).RESULTS Four parameters showed statistically significant(P<0.05)correlation with HVPG *** strongest correlation was obtained for the standard deviation of strain(estimated at 0-10 Hz and 2 cm×2 cm ROI size).Three parameters showed statistically significant differences between patient groups with CSPH,but only dretro showed significant results in SPH *** to ROC analysis area under the curve(AUC)of theσROI[0…10Hz,2 cm×2 cm]parameter reached 0.71(P=0.036)for the diagnosis of CSPH;with a cut-off value of 1.28μm/cm providing 73%sensitivity and 70%*** for the diagnosis of CSPH forμROI[0…10Hz,1 cm×1 cm]was 0.78(P=0.0024);with a cut-off value of 3.92μm/cm providing 73%sensitivity and 80%*** parameter had an AUC of 0.86(P=0.0001)for the diagnos

关键词： Portal hypertension Endogenous motion Strain elastography Hepatic venous pressure gradient Radiofrequency parameters

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围术期的肾功能衰竭

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国外医学（麻醉学与复苏分册） 1993年第2期14卷 112-114,82页

作者： Simon gelman 徐美英

术中和术后肾功能衰竭是麻醉和手术的严重并发症.危重病人对缺血性损害更为敏感.维持重要脏器的灌注对防止急性肾功能衰竭是极其重要的.一、急性肾功能衰竭的病理生理在涉及手术的大多数情况下,急性肾衰是肾脏对继发性低血压、低血容量... 详细信息

术中和术后肾功能衰竭是麻醉和手术的严重并发症.危重病人对缺血性损害更为敏感.维持重要脏器的灌注对防止急性肾功能衰竭是极其重要的.一、急性肾功能衰竭的病理生理在涉及手术的大多数情况下,急性肾衰是肾脏对继发性低血压、低血容量和/或脱水引起的急性缺血的一种反应.不管血压是否降低,血容量减少和心衰均可引起肾血管收缩,从而导致肾血流降低.即使心排血量正常或甚至增加的情况下,也可能发生肾脏的低灌注.此外,很多体液因素可使原先灌注肾脏的心排血量转移至其它脏器,从而导致明显的肾血管收缩.(一)

关键词：肾功能衰竭外科手术围术期

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家庭治疗的10个奇招

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英语沙龙（初级版） 2010年第2期 36-38页

作者： Lauren gelman 杨楠

当然，你不能不备一些健康必备品——我脑海里出现的是绷带或非处方止痛药，但你可以用下面这些你意想不到的家庭用品和食物来治疗或治愈很多小疾病。

关键词：家庭治疗家庭用品止痛药

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年幼儿童对数知道些什么

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心理学动态 1983年第2期 48-53页

作者： R.gelman 张梅玲

R·格尔曼是美国宾夕法尼亚大学心理学教授,她对儿童认知能力的发展进行了很多研究。她认为,研究者不仅要研究年幼儿童不能做什么,更重要的是要研究他们能做什么。她还认为,年幼儿童有很大的潜在能力。本文就她对年幼儿童数概念方面的... 详细信息

R·格尔曼是美国宾夕法尼亚大学心理学教授,她对儿童认知能力的发展进行了很多研究。她认为,研究者不仅要研究年幼儿童不能做什么,更重要的是要研究他们能做什么。她还认为,年幼儿童有很大的潜在能力。本文就她对年幼儿童数概念方面的研究作一些介绍。

关键词：儿童第一阶段老鼠对数

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台湾地下白蚁-台湾乳白蚁工蚁蜕皮行为的研究

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城市害虫防治 2013年第3期 42-48页

作者： Ashok Raina Yong Ihl Park Dale gelman 尹红(译) 美国农业部农业研究服务中心地下白蚁研究所美国农业部农业研究服务中心生物防治实验室山东省青岛市白蚁防治研究所青岛266012

台湾地下白蚁-台湾乳白蚁由于拥有巨大的种群，在美国南部各州及夏威夷地区已经和其在南亚一样成为一种重要的城市害虫。由于它们神秘的地下生活习性和很长的生活史，使得我们对其工蚁的蜕皮行为知之甚少。在台湾乳白蚁的群体中，工蚁... 详细信息

台湾地下白蚁-台湾乳白蚁由于拥有巨大的种群，在美国南部各州及夏威夷地区已经和其在南亚一样成为一种重要的城市害虫。由于它们神秘的地下生活习性和很长的生活史，使得我们对其工蚁的蜕皮行为知之甚少。在台湾乳白蚁的群体中，工蚁大约分别在蜕皮前10—15天停止觅食，并且失去肠道微生物种群。在实验室条件下，任何指定的白蚁种群，每天平均有1．01％（范围在0．6％-1．8％之间）的工蚁发生蜕皮。工蚁在即将蜕皮的前一天变得行动迟缓，并且头部产生斑点。通常其它工蚁会帮助其完成蜕皮并吃掉脱落的皮。刚完成蜕皮的工蚁上颚是浅粉色，两天后彻底黑化。蜕皮后的第四天重新获得肠道微生物。鞭毛虫以囊细胞的形式通过肛饲从其它工蚁被转移过来。测定工蚁体内保幼激素Ⅲ水平，除了蜕皮前6天是80．5pg／mg体重，其它阶段均在30-41pg／mg体重之间。较高的保幼激素Ⅲ浓度可能是导致失去原生动物种群的因素。失去原生动物种群后1到2天测定的蜕皮类固醇浓度从2．1pg／mg激增到359．5和332．4pg／mg。蜕皮前两天出现第二个小高峰。

关键词：台湾省地下白蚁乳白蚁蜕皮肠道微生物保幼激素蜕皮类固醇

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The Immune System and the Role of Inflammation in Perinatal Depression

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2016年第4期32卷 398-420页

作者： Philippe Leff-gelman Ismael Mancilla-Herrera Monica Flores-Ramos Carlos Cruz-Fuentes Juan Pablo Reyes-Grajeda maría del pilar garcía-cuétara Marielle Danitza Bugnot-Perez David Ellioth Pulido-Ascencio National Institute of Perinatology Mexico City Mexico National Institute of Psychiatry Mexico City Mexico National Institute of Genomic Medicine Mexico CityMexico Faculty of Psychology Anahuac University HuixquilucanMexico National Council of Science and Technology Mexico CityMexico

Major depression during pregnancy is a common psychiatric disorder that arises from a complex and mul- tifactorial etiology. Psychosocial stress, sex, hormones, and genetic vulnerability increase the risk for triggering mood disorders. Microglia and toll-like receptor 4 play a crucial role in triggering wide and varied stress-induced responses mediated through activation of the inflammasome; this leads to the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, increased serotonin metabolism, and reduction of neurotransmitter availability along with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity. Dysregulation of this intricate neu- roimmune communication network during pregnancy modifies the maternal milieu, enhancing the emergence of depressive symptoms and negative obstetric and neu- ropsychiatric outcomes. Although several studies have clearly demonstrated the role of the innate immune system in major depression, it is still unclear how the placenta, the brain, and the monoaminergic and neuroendocrine systems interact during perinatal depression. Thus, in the present review we describe the cellular and molecular interactions between these systems in major depression during preg- nancy, proposing that the same stress-related mechanisms involved in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia and peripheral myeloid cells in depressed patients operate in a similar fashion in the neuroimmune placenta during perinatal depression. Thus, activation of Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 signaling and the NLRP3 inflammasome in placental immune cells may promote a shift of the Thl/Th2 bias towards a predominant Thl/Thl7 inflammatory response, associated with increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, among other secreted autocrine and paracrine mediators, which play a crucial role in triggering and/or exacerbating depressive symptoms during pregnancy.

关键词： Depression Pregnancy Immune systemInflammation Cytokine Serotonin Indoleamine dioxygenase Glucocorticoid Brain Placenta

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