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Breed and adaptive response modulate bovine peripheral blood cells＇ transcriptome

Journal of.Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第2期8卷 335-350页

作者： Nataliya Poscic Tommaso Montanari Mariasilvia D’Andrea Danilo Licastro fabio Pilla Paolo Ajmone-Marsan Andrea Minuti Sandy Sgorlon Department of.Agriculture FoodEnvironment and Animal Science(DI4A)University of Udinevia delle Scienze 20633100 UdineItaly Department of.gricultural Environmental and Food SciencesUniversity of Molisevia F.De Sanctis snc86100 CampobassoItaly. CBM S.c.r.I SS 14-km 163.5 AREAScience Park34149 BasovizzaTSitaly. Institute of.Zootechnics Catholic University of the Sacred Heartvia Emilia Parmense 8429133 PiacenzaItaly.

Background： Adaptive response includes a variety of.physiological modif.cations to f.ce changes in external or internal conditions and adapt to a new situation. The acute phase proteins（APPs） are reactants synthesized against environmental stimuli like stress, inf.ction, ***： To delineate the dif.erences in molecular constituents of.adaptive response to the environment we perf.rmed the whole-blood transcriptome analysis in Italian Holstein（IH） and Italian Simmental（IS） breeds. f.r this, 663 IH and IS cows f.om six commercial f.rms were clustered according to the blood level of.APPs. Ten extreme individuals（f.ve APP＋ and APP-variants） f.om each f.rm were selected f.r the RNA-seq using the Illumina sequencing technology. Dif.erentially expressed（DE） genes were analyzed using dynamic impact approach（DIA）and DAVID annotation clustering. Milk production data were statistically elaborated to assess the association of.APP＋ and APP-gene expression patterns with variations in milk ***： The overall de novo assembly of.cDNA sequence data generated 13,665 genes expressed in bovine blood cells. Comparative genomic analysis revealed 1,152 DE genes in the comparison of.all APP＋ vs. all APP-variants; 531 and 217 DE genes specif.c f.r IH and IS comparison respectively. In all comparisons overexpressed genes were more represented than underexpressed ones. DAVID analysis revealed 369 DE genes across breeds, 173 and 73 DE genes in IH and IS comparison respectively. Among the most impacted pathways f.r both breeds were vitamin B6 metabolism, f.late biosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism and linoleic acid ***： Both DIA and DAVID approaches produced a high number of.signif.cantly impacted genes and pathways with a narrow connection to adaptive response in cows with high level of.blood APPs. A similar variation in gene expression and impacted pathways between APP＋ and APP-variants was f.und between two studied breeds. Such similarity was also c

关键词： Acute phase proteins Adaptive response Dynamic impact approach(DIA) Hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal(HPA) axis RNA-Seq Stress response Transcriptomics

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Layer-by-layer f.nctionalized nanotube arrays:A versatile microf.uidic platf.rm f.r biodetection

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2015年第1期1卷 1-7页

作者： Allison L.Yost Setareh Shahsavari Grinia M.Bradwell Roberta Polak fabio f.chin Robert E.Cohen Gareth H.McKinley Mehmet Toner Michael f.Rubner Brian L.Wardle Department of.Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA 02139USA Department of.Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA 02139USA Department of.Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA 02139USA Department of.Aeronautics and Astronautics Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA 02139USA Center f.r Engineering in Medicine and BioMEMS Resource Center Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical Schooland Shriners Hospital for ChildrenBostonMA 02139USA

We demonstrate the layer-by-layer(LbL)assembly of.polyelectrolyte multilayers(PEM)on three-dimensional nanof.ber *** porosity(99%)aligned carbon nanotube(CNT)arrays are photolithographically patterned into elements that act as textured scaf.olds f.r the creation of.f.nctionally coated(nano)porous ***-scale bilayers of.poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/poly(styrene sulf.nate)(PAH/SPS)are f.rmed conf.rmally on the individual nanotubes by repeated deposition f.om aqueous solution in microf.uidic *** and experimental results show that the LbL deposition is dominated by the dif.usive transport of.the polymeric constituents,and we use this understanding to demonstrate spatial tailoring on the patterned nanoporous elements.A proof.of.principle application,microf.uidic bioparticle capture using N-hydroxysuccinimide-biotin binding f.r the isolation of.prostate-specif.c antigen(PSA),is demonstrated.

关键词： layer-by-layer carbon nanotube microf.uidic nanoporous f.nctionalization bioparticle capture

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Abscisic Acid Connects Phytohormone Signaling with RNA Metabolic Pathways and Promotes an Antiviral Response that Is Evaded by a Self. Controlled RNA Virus

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Plant Communications 2020年第5期1卷 111-128页

作者： fabio Pasin Hongying Shan Beatriz García Maren Müller David San León Márta Ludman David H.f.esno Károly f.tyol Sergi Munné-Bosch Guillermo Rodrigo Juan Antonio García Centro Nacional de Biotecnología(CNB-CSIC) 28049 MadridSpain Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center Academia Sinica11529 TaipeiTaiwan Departamento de Biologı´a Evolutiva Ecologı´a y Ciencias AmbientalesFacultad de Biologı´aUniversidad de Barcelona08028 BarcelonaSpain Agricultural Biotechnology Institute National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre2100 Godoll}oHungary Institute f.r Integrative Systems Biology(I2SysBio) CSIC-University of Valencia46980 PaternaSpain Present address:College of.Horticulture and Gardening Tianjin Agricultural University300384 TianjinChina

A complex network of.cellular receptors,RNA targeting pathways,and small-molecule signaling provides robust plant immunity and tolerance to *** maximize their f.tness,viruses must evolve control mechanisms to balance host immune evasion and plant-damaging *** genus Potyvirus comprises plant viruses characterized by RNA genomes that encode large polyproteins led by the P1 protease.A P1 autoinhibitory domain controls polyprotein processing,the release of.a downstream f.nctional RNAsilencing suppressor,and viral ***,we show that P1Pro,a plum pox virus clone that lacks the P1 autoinhibitory domain,triggers complex reprogramming of.the host transcriptome and high levels of.abscisic acid(ABA)accumulation.A meta-analysis highlighted ABA connections with host pathways known to control RNA stability,turnover,maturation,and *** changes triggered by P1Pro inf.ction or ABA showed similarities in host RNA abundance and *** and hormone treatment assays showed that ABA promotes plant resistance to potyviral ***,quantitative mathematical modeling of.viral replication in the presence of.def.nse pathways supported self.control of.polyprotein processing kinetics as a viral mechanism that attenuates the magnitude of.the host antiviral ***,our f.ndings indicate that ABA is an active player in plant antiviral immunity,which is nonetheless evaded by a self.controlled RNA virus.

关键词： abscisic acid antiviral immune evasion mathematical modeling viral polyprotein processing Potyvirus RNA metabolism

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Agronomic evaluation of.Herbaspirillum seropedicae strain ZAE94 as an inoculant to improve maize yield in Brazil

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Pedosphere 2021年第4期31卷 583-595页

作者： Gabriela C.ALVES Carlos L.R.DOS SANTOS Jerri E.ZILLI fabio B.DOS REIS JUNIOR Ivanildo E.MARRIEL f.rley A.da f.BREDA Robert M.BODDEY Veronica M.REIS f.deral Rural University of.Rio de Janeiro Department of Soilskm 7 BR 465Seropédica RJ 23900-000(Brazil) f.deral University of.Mato Grosso 2367 Fernando Corrêa Costa AvenueBoa Esperança M 78060-900(Brazil) Embrapa Agrobiology km 07 BR 465Seropédica RJ 23891-000(Brazil) Embrapa Cerrados BR-020 km 18Planaltina DF 73310-970(Brazil) Embrapa Maize and Sorghum MG 424 km 45Sete Lagoas MG 35701-970(Brazil)

Diazotrophic bacteria applied as a seed inoculant can improve the grain yield of.several crops including maize. The current study aimed to test the agronomic ef.iciency and contribution of.biological nitrogen f.xation(BNf. of.the endophytic diazotroph Herbaspirillum seropedicae strain ZAE94 to maize under f.eld conditions. Eighteen f.eld assays were conducted in f.ur dif.erent locations during consecutive years on two hybrids and two varieties of.maize in a random block design with f.ur replicates using a peat-based inoculant. The inoculant containing the ZAE94 strain was applied without nitrogen(N)f.rtilization or with 40 kg N ha^(-1) and was compared to the application of.40 and 80 kg N ha^(-1) without inoculation. Crop productivity and N accumulation in the grain were evaluated in addition to ^(15)N natural abundance(δ^(15)N) to evaluate BNf.in the treatments without N f.rtilization. f.rtilization at 40 kg N ha^(-1) plus bacterial inoculation produced crop yields similar to the treatment with 80 kg N ha^(-1) and increased grain N content, especially in the of.-season with 40 kg N ha^(-1). The inoculation treatments showed lower δ^(15)N values than the non-inoculated treatments, which was most evident in the of.-season. The BNf.contributed about 30% of.N accumulated in plants inoculated with ZAE94. On average, 64% of.the N f.rtilized plots showed an increase of.the parameters evaluated in the inoculated treatments, compared with the control. Inoculation also increased root length, root volume, and leaf.area, and these parameters were positively correlated with plant weight using a hydroponic assay. This study revealed that the application of.H. seropedicae inoculant increased the amount of.N in plants owing to BNf. and there is a better chance of.yield response to inoculation under low N f.rtilizer application in the of.-season.

关键词： agronomic ef.iciency biological nitrogen f.xation endophytic diazotroph inoculation 15N natural abundance plant growth-promoting bacteria

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Minimally invasive tenodesis f.r peroneus longus tendon rupture: A case report and review of.literature

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World Journal of.Orthopedics 2020年第2期11卷 137-144页

作者： Danilo Ryuko Cândido Nishikawa f.rnando Aires Duarte Guilherme Honda Saito Cesar de Cesar Netto f.bio Correia Paiva f.nseca Bruno Rodrigues de Miranda Augusto César monteiro Marcelo Pires Prado Department of.Orthopedics Foot and Ankle SurgeryHospital of the Municipal Public Servant of São Paulo(HSPM)Aclimação 01532-000São PauloBrazil Ortocity Orthopaedic Clinic Lapa 05078-000São PauloBrazil Department of.Orthopaedics Foot and Ankle SurgeryHospital Israelita Albert EinsteinJardim Leonor 05652-900São PauloBrazil Department of.Orthopedics Foot and Ankle SurgeryUniversity of IowaIowa CityIA 52242United States

BACKGROUND Peroneal tendon disorders are common causes of.lateral hindf.ot ***,total rupture of.the peroneal longus tendon is *** treatment f.r this condition is usually a side-to-side tenodesis of.the peroneal longus tendon to the peroneal brevis *** the traditional procedure involves a long lateral curved incision,this approach is associated with damage to the lateral sof. tissues(up to 24%incidence).CASE SUMMARY A 50-year-old f.male had developed pain at the lateral aspect of.the hindf.ot 1 mo af.er an ankle sprain while walking in the *** treatments were anti-inf.ammatory drugs,ice,rest and Cam-walker *** physical exam,there was pain and swelling over the course of.the peroneal *** instability and cavovarus f.ot def.rmity were ruled *** strength was weak(4/5).Imaging showed complete rupture of.the peroneal longus tendon associated with a sharp hypertrophic peroneal *** repair was indicated af.er f.ilure of.conservative treatment(physiotherapy,rest,analgesics,and ankle stabilizer).A less invasive approach was perf.rmed f.r peroneal longus tendon debridement and side-to-side tenodesis to the adjacent peroneal brevis tendon,with successf.l clinical and f.nctional *** Peroneus longus tendon tenodesis can be perf.rmed through a less invasive approach with preservation of.the lateral sof. tissue integrity.

关键词： Peroneus longus tendon Complete rupture Tenodesis Minimally invasive surgery Wound breakdown Case report

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f.recasting the number of.species of.asexually reproducing f.ngi(Ascomycota and Basidiomycota)

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f.ngal Diversity 2022年第3期114卷 463-490页

作者： Nalin N.Wijayawardene Alan J.L.Phillips Diana Santos Pereira Dong-Qin Dai AndréAptroot Josiane S.monteiro Irina S.Druzhinina f.ng Cai Xinlei f.n Laura Selbmann Claudia Coleine Raf.el f.Castañeda-Ruiz Martin Kukwa Adam f.akus Patricia Oliveira f.uza Paul M.Kirk Kunhiraman C.Rajesh Kumar Ilesha S.leperuma Arachchi Nakarin Suwannarach Li-Zhou Tang Teun Boekhout Chen Shuhui Tan R.P.Prabath K.Jayasinghe Marco Thines Centre f.r Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization College of Biological Resource and Food EngineeringQujing Normal UniversityQujing 655011YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Section of.Genetics Institute for Research and Development in Health and Social CareNo:393/3Lily AvenueOff Robert Gunawardane MawathaBattaramulla 10120Sri Lanka f.culdade de Ciências Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute(BioISI)Universidade de LisboaCampo Grande1749-016 LisbonPortugal Laboratório de Botânica/Liquenologia Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulAvenida Costa e Silva S/NBairro UniversitárioCampo GrandeMS CEP 79070-900Brazil Coordination of.Botany Museu Paraense Emílio GoeldiBelémPA 66077830Brazil f.ngal Genomics Laboratory(f.ngiG) College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityWeigang 1Nanjing 210095JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China The Key Laboratory f.r Silviculture and Conservation of.Ministry of.Education Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Department of.Ecological and Biological Sciences University of TusciaViterboItaly Italian National Antarctic Museum(MNA) Mycological SectionGenoaItaly Alejandro de Humboldt’(INIf.T) Instituto de Investigaciones Fundamentales en AgriculturaTropicalSantiago de Las VegasHavanaCuba Department of.Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation Faculty of BiologyUniversity of GdańskWita Stwosza 5980-308 GdańskPoland W.Szaf.r Institute of.Botany Polish Academy of SciencesLubicz 4631-512 KrakowPoland Universidade f.deral do Rio Grande do Norte(Uf.N) Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática e EvoluçãoCentro de BiociênciasCampus UniversitárioAv.Senador Salgado Filho3000Lagoa NovaNatalRN 59078-970Brazil Biodiversity Inf.rmatics and Spatial Analysis Jodrell LaboratoryRoyal Botanic GardensKewRichmond TW93DSSurreyUK National f.ngal Culture Collection of.India(Nf.CI) Biodiversity and Palaeobiology GroupMACS Agharkar Research InstituteG.G.

Asexually reproducing f.ngi play a signif.cant role in essential processes in managed and wild ecosystems such as nutrients cycling and multitrophic interactions.A large number of.such taxa are among the most notorious plant and animal *** addition,they have a key role in f.od production,biotechnology and *** without or rare sexual reproduction are distinguished based on their sporulating structures and conidiomata in traditional morphology-based *** number,variation and diversity of.asexually reproducing taxa are insuf.iciently known,even though f.ngi capable of.asexual reproduction may provide an untapped,rich biological resource f.r f.ture ***,ca.30,000 asexual species belonging to ca.3800 genera have been reported(including 1388 coelomycetous and 2265 hyphomycetous genera).Recent reports(2017–2020)reiterate that the number of.asexually producing f.ngi is higher than the number of.f.equently sexually-reproducing *** the advent of.molecular tools and the abandonment of.the dual nomenclature system f.r pleomorphic f.ngi,priority criteria were established and revisited in the latest outline of.f.ngi and f.ngus-like ***,species numbers and taxonomic boundaries of.pleomorphic taxa and their synanamorphs or synasexual morphs have yet to be *** number of.species of.speciose genera(***,Aspergillus,Cercospora,f.sarium,Phoma and Pseudocercospora),cryptic species,species of.pleomorphic genera,less studied lif. modes(such as lichenicolous taxa,taxa f.om extreme environments)and species f.om biodiversity-rich areas still need evaluation to achieve more reliable estimates of.their *** paper discusses the current knowledge on the matter,with diversity estimates,and potential obstacles in several chapters on(1)speciose genera;(2)pleomorphic genera;(3)cryptic species;(4)well-studied but insuf.iciently resolved taxa,*** inhabiting species,marine f.ngi,(5)less studied lif. modes,e.g.

关键词： Cryptic species DNA sequences Morphology Pleomorphism Speciose genera Species identif.cat

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Brachial access technique f.r aortoiliac stenting revisited

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Journal of.Geriatric Cardiology 2007年第2期4卷 78-79页

作者： Gianluca Rigatelli Paolo Cardaioli fabio dell'Avvocata Massimo Giordan Cardiovascular Invasive Diagnosis and Interventions Unit Rovigo General Hospital Rovigo Italy

We report a modif.ed technique to perf.rm iliac artery stenting through the brachial artery access. A 6f.Brite tip sheath (Cordis, Jonhson & Jonhson Medical, Miami Lakes, f., USA) is inserted into either brachial artery and a standard 4f.Judkins Right diagnostic catheter was inserted over a 260 cm 0.038” Terumo Stif. wire (Terumo Corp, Tokyo, Japan) through the sheath. The catheter is navigated down to the aortic bif.rcation, and af.er selecting the common iliac artery ostium, the wire is navigated through the lesion and advanced to the ipsilateral superf.cial f.moral arteries. The catheter should be then moved f.rward over the wires beyond the lesion and the Terumo guidewire is replaced by two 0.038” 260 cm Supracor wires (Boston Scientif.c Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA). In order to f.cilitate advancement of.the stent without risk of.dislodgement as well as to check the position with low contrast dose injection, a 6 f.(or 7f.if.large stent is selected) 90cm Shuttle f.exor introducer long sheath (Cook Group, Bloomington, IN, USA) should be advanced over the Supracor wire until it reaches the common iliac artery ostium. A road-map technique can be used to check the ostium position in order to properly deploy the selected stent. This technique promises to be saf. and ef.ective of.ering more support than guiding catheter technique; moreover it reduces the stress on the arterial vessel at the subclavian site and enables a stif. balloon or stent catheter to be advanced even through a very elongated and calcif.ed aorta without the risk of.stent dislodgement.

关键词： brachial access percutaneous angioplasty stent endovascular peripheral vascular disease

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Inter-Individual Rapid f.rce Improvements af.er Mixed Session and Traditional Periodization in Aging Adults:A Randomized Trial

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Journal of.Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第2期3卷 125-137页

作者： Bruno monteiro Moura Ewertton de Souza Bezerra Lucas B.R.Orssatto Antonio Renato Pereira Moro f.rnando Dief.nthaeler Universidade f.deral de Santa Catarina Centro de DesportosLaboratório de BiomecânicaFlorianópolisCEP 88040-900Brazil Universidade f.deral do Amazonas Faculdade de Educação Física e FisioterapiaLaboratório de Estudo do Desempenho HumanoManausCEP 38400-678Brazil School of.Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbane 4059Australia

Background Dif.erent periodization models have been widely used to improve maximum and rapid f.rce in aging ***,it is unclear if.some specif.c model can inf.uence the remarkable heterogeneity of.responsiveness to rapid torque improvements f.llowing resistance *** Compare the ef.ects of.mixed session periodization(MSP)and traditional(TP)models on neuromuscular perf.rmance and individual responsiveness in aging *** Twenty-two aging men and women(64.6±5.2 years old;1.68±0.1 m;77.8±16.0 kg)completed the intervention *** were assigned into MSP(n=11)or TP(n=11)resistance training f.r lower *** outcome measures normalized dynamic leg press(5-RM:BM),absolute and normalized knee isometric peak torque(PT and PT:BM)and rate of.torque development,and impulse were assessed at baseline and af.er three blocks of.a 9-wk resistance training(3 sessions per week).Thigh leg lean mass was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at baseline and af.er the *** Similar increases were observed f.r 5-RM:BM(MSP:28.8%±13.5%and TP:26.4%±7.6%,Pf.r PT:BM(MSP:16.4%±16.5%and TP:4.7%±9.2%,P>0.05).Absolute and normalized RTD remained unchanged throughout intervention(P>0.05),but both groups improved impulse(MSP:22.1%±25.7%and TP:12.6%±45.2%,Pf.cant time ef.ect f.r absolute RTD(Pf.llowing dif.erent periodization models f.r aging people.

关键词： Rate of.torque development Impulse Strength training Muscular strength Hypertrophy Periodization

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Donor-to-recipient gender match in liver transplantation: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of.Gastroenterology 2018年第20期24卷 2203-2210页

作者： Quirino Lai f.ancesco Giovanardi fabio Melandro Zoe Larghi Laureiro Manuela Merli Barbara Lattanzi Redan Hassan Massimo Rossi Gianluca Mennini Hepato-bilio-pancreatic and Liver Transplant Unit Department of Surgery Sapienza University of Rome Division of.Gastroenterology Department of Clinical Medicine Sapienza University of Rome

AIM To perf.rm a systematic review and meta-analysis on donor-to-recipient gender mismatch as a risk f.ctor f.r post-transplant graf. loss. METHODS A systematic literature search was perf.rmed using PubM ed, Cochrane Library database and EMBASE. The primary outcome was graf. loss af.er liver transplantation. Odds ratios and 95% conf.dence intervals were calculated to compare the pooled data between groups with dif.erent donor-to-recipient gender matches. Three analyses were done considering(1) gender mismatches(f.M and M-f. vs matches(M-M and f.f.;(2) f.maleto-Male mismatch vs other matches; and(3) Male-tof.male mismatch vs other *** A total of.7 articles were analysed. Gender mismatch(M-f.and f.M) was associated with a signif.cant increase of.graf. loss respect to match(M-M and f.f.(OR: 1.30; 95%CI: 1.13-1.50; P f.M mismatch was specif.cally investigated, it conf.rmed its detrimental role in terms of.graf. survival(OR: 1.83; 95%CI: 1.20-2.80; P = 0.005). M-f.mismatch f.iled to present a signif.cant role(OR: 1.09; 95%CI: 0.73-1.62; P = 0.68).CONCLUSION Gender mismatch is a risk f.ctor f.r poor graf. survival af.er liver transplantation. f.male-to-male mismatch represents the worst combination. More studies are needed with the intent to better clarif. the reasons f.r these results.

关键词： Graf. survival f.male-to-male mismatch Liver transplantation Donor-to-recipient match Gender

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前列腺癌根治术与经直肠超声引导下前列腺穿刺的Gleason评分及肿瘤偏侧性：一项比较研究

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Asian Journal of.Andrology 2015年第5期17卷 815-820,I0009-I0010页

作者： Renan A Pereira Roberto S Costa Valdair f.Muglia fabio f.anca Silva Joyce S Lajes Rodolf. B Dos Reis Gyl EB Silva Department of.Pathology Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil Department of.Internal Medicine (Center of.Science of.Image) Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine University of Sao Paulo Sao Paufo Brazil Pathology Service University Hospital of Federal University of Maranhao Sao Luis Maranhao Brazil University Hospital of.f.deral University of.Maranhao Sao Luis Maranhao Brazil Department of.Surgery and Anatomy Division of Urology Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil

We aimed to compare Gleason score and tumor laterality between transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of.the prostate （TRUSBX） and radical prostatectomy （RP）. Some f.ctors that could cause a discrepancy in results between these two procedures were also evaluated. Among the 318 cases reviewed, 191 cases were selected f.r inclusion in this comparative Study, We divided the patients into two groups using the Gleason score： an intermediate/high-grade group （≥7） and a low-grade group （〈6）. Exploratory analyses were conducted f.r comparisons between groups. We also perf.rmed comparisons between TRUSBX and RP f.r tumor laterality. TRUSBX overestimated 6% and underestimated 24% cases in comparison with RP f.r Gleason score, and overestimated 2.6% and underestimated 46% cases compared with RP f.r tumor laterality. Biopsy specimens were slightly smaller in TRUSBX cases with underestimated tumor laterality （P〈 0.05）, and no relationship between the biopsy specimen size and underestimated Gleason score in TRUSBX was f.und. Prostatic volume showed no statistical correlation with the likelihood of.under or overestimation （P 〉 0.05）. Thus, our study showed that TRUSBX has a high likelihood of.underestimating both the Gleason score and tumor laterality in prostate cancer （PCa）. The size of.the f.agment appears to be an important f.ctor inf.uencing the likelihood of.laterality underestimation and Gleason score overestimation via TRUSBX. Due to the high likelihood of.underestimation of.the Gleason score and tumor laterality by 12-core prostate biopsy, we conclude that this type of.biopsy should not be used alone to guide therapy in Pca.

关键词： Gleason score prostate biopsy prostate carcinoma prostatectomy tumor tumor laterality

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