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Ultrasound responsive microcapsules for antibacterial nanodrug delivery

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Nano Research 2023年第2期16卷 2738-2748页

作者： Jilin Fan Mingjun Xuan Pengkun Zhao Mark Loznik Junlin Chen fabian Kiessling Lifei Zheng Andreas Herrmann Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhou 325001China DWI—Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Forckenbeckstr.5052074 AachenGermany Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry RWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 152074 AachenGermany Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging University Hospital AachenForckenbeckstr.5552074 AachenGermany

The development of ultrasound-responsive microcapsule structures has resulted in several spatiotemporally controlled drug delivery systems for macromolecular cargoes,including proteins,nucleic acids,and even cells for biomedical ***,utilizing microcapsules to transport small molecular cargoes remains a challenge,because the leakage of drugs before ultrasound irradiation might cause side effects such as the undesired toxicity and the decrease of effective drug concentration at the target ***,we present a novel strategy to tackle these shortcomings by employing nanodrugs which refers to nanoparticles coated with small molecule *** showed that the drug leakage was prevented when encapsulating the nanodrug in ***,the fabricated drug delivery system was responsive not only to unfocused high-intensity ultrasound but also to the clinically relevant high-intensity focused ***,as a proof of concept,we showed that the antibacterial activity of the nanodrug@Microcapsules could be activated by applying ultrasound in *** results may provide new insights into the development of ultrasound triggered small molecule drug delivery assisted by metallic nanoparticles.

关键词： microcapsules vancomycin-nanodrug sonication drug release

Capillaric field effect transistors

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第2期8卷 59-71页

作者： Claude Meffan Julian Menges fabian Dolamore Daniel Mak Conan Fee Renwick C.J.Dobson Volker Nock Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of CanterburyChristchurch 8041New Zealand Department of Microengineering Kyoto University615-8540 KyotoJapan School of Biological Sciences University of CanterburyChristchurch 8041New Zealand Biomolecular Interaction Centre School of Biological SciencesUniversity of CanterburyChristchurch 8041New Zealand School of Product Design University of CanterburyChristchurch 8041New Zealand Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Wellington 6140New Zealand

Controlling fluid flow in capillaric circuits is a key requirement to increase their uptake for assay *** action off-valves provide such functionality by pushing an occluding bubble into the channel using a difference in capillary ***,we utilized the binary switching mode of this structure to develop a powerful set of fundamental fluidic valving *** this work,we study the transistor-like qualities of the off-valve and provide evidence that these structures are in fact functionally complementary to electronic junction field effect *** view of this,we propose the new term capillaric field effect transistor to describe these types of *** support this conclusion,we present a theoretical description,experimental characterization,and practical application of analog flow resistance *** addition,we demonstrate that the valves can also be *** show modulation of the flow resistance from fully open to pinch-off,determine the flow rate-trigger channel volume relationship and demonstrate that the latter can be modeled using Shockley's equation for electronic ***,we provide a first example of how the valves can be opened and closed repeatedly.

关键词： transistors effect field

Bioactive glass selectively promotes cytotoxicity towards giant cell tumor of bone derived neoplastic stromal cells and induces MAPK signalling dependent autophagy

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第9期7卷 456-468页

作者： Joerg Fellenberg Sarina Losch Burkhard Lehner Marcela Arango-Ospina Aldo RBoccaccini fabian Westhauser Center for Orthopedics Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord InjuryHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany Institute of Biomaterials Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Erlangen-NurembergGermany

Giant cell tumors of bone(GCTB)are associated with massive bone destructions and high recurrence *** a previous study,we observed cytotoxic effects of three different compositions of bioactive glasses(BGs)towards GCTSC but not bone marrow derived stromal cells(BMSC)indicating that BGs represent promising candidates for the development of new therapeutic *** the current study we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms that are involved in BG induced *** observed,that BG treatment was not associated with any signs of apoptosis,but rather led to a strong induction of mitogen activated protein kinases(MAPK)and,as a consequence,upregulation of several transcription factors specifically in *** wide gene expression profiling further revealed a set of fifteen genes that were exclusively induced in GCTSC or induced significantly stronger in GCTSC compared to *** treatment further induced autophagy that was significantly more pronounced in GCTSC compared to BMSC and could be inhibited by MAPK *** with the known osteogenic properties of BGs our findings support the suitability of BGs as therapeutic agents for the treatment of ***,these data have to be verified under in vivo conditions.

关键词： Bioactive glass Giant cell tumor of bone Mesenchymal stromal cells Mitogen-activated protein kinases Cytotoxicity Autophagy

Resilience in supply systems -What the food industry can learn from energy sector

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2022年第1期3卷 39-47页

作者： fabian Ossevorth Paul Seidel Sebastian Krahmer Joachim Seifert Peter Schegner Peter Lochmann Lukas Oehm Marc Mauermann Technische Universität Dresden Professur für ElektroenergieversorgungDresden 01069Germany Technische Universität Dresden Professur für Gebäudeenergietechnik und WärmeversorgungDresden 01069Germany Technische Universität Dresden Professur für Verarbeitungsmaschinen/VerarbeitungstechnikDresden 01069Germany Fraunhofer-Institut for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV Division Processing Technology Dresden01069Germany

Drastic events such as pandemics,earthquakes or other disasters not only threaten the immediate living conditions of people but also indirect circumstances such as energy supply,infrastructure and food *** ensure that damage and failures in these areas do not lead to a disaster,special requirements are placed on this critical *** this context resilience,which is defined as the resistance of a system to external effects,is required.A field that is indeed part of the critical infrastructure,but which has not been considered as intensively as the energy sector,is food *** investigation focuses on how fundamental principles of thermodynamics,system theory and reliability theory can be applied to the modelling of food production processes to obtain a measure of *** known state and process variables from thermodynamics and electrical power engineering,analogous variables are derived for the food *** variables serve as an evaluation standard for a quality measure𝑄.In addi-tion to system-theoretical considerations,it is investigated how existing evaluation criteria of power engineering,such as System Average Interruption Duration Index(SAIDI)and Customer Average Interruption Duration Index(CAIDI),can be transferred to food ***:The investigation focuses on how fundamental principles of thermodynamics,system theory and reliability theory can be applied to the modelling of food production processes to obtain a measure of *** known state and process variables from thermodynamics and electrical power engineering,analogous variables are derived for the food ***:Drastic events such as pandemics,earthquakes or other disasters not only threaten the immediate living conditions of people but also indirect circumstances such as energy supply,infrastructure and food *** ensure that damage and failures in these areas do not lead to a disaster,special requirements are placed on t

关键词： Resilience Food industry Energy Sector System Theory

Beyond cost reduction:improving the value of energy storage in electricity systems

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碳中和(英文) 2022年第1期1卷 257-277页

作者： Maximilian Parzen fabian Neumann Adriaan H.Van Der Weijde Daniel Friedrich Aristides Kiprakis University of Edinburgh Institute for Energy SystemsEH93DW EdinburghUK Technische Universität Berlin Department of Digital Transformation in Energy Systems10587 BerlinGermany The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research(TNO) 2595 DA The HagueThe Netherlands

From a macro-energy system perspective,an energy storage is valuable if it contributes to meeting system objectives,including increasing economic value,reliability and *** most energy systems models,reliability and sustainability are forced by constraints,and if energy demand is exogenous,this leaves cost as the main metric for economic *** ways to improve storage technologies are to reduce their costs;however,the cheapest energy storage is not always the most valuable in energy *** techno-economical evaluation methods try to address the cost and value situation but do not judge the competitiveness of multiple technologies *** paper introduces the‘market potential method’as a new complementary valuation method guiding innovation of multiple energy *** market potential method derives the value of technologies by examining common deployment signals from energy system model outputs in a structured *** apply and compare this method to cost evaluation approaches in a renewables-based European power system model,covering diverse energy storage *** find that characteristics of high-cost hydrogen storage can be more valuable than low-cost hydrogen ***,we show that modifying the freedom of storage sizing and component interactions can make the energy system 10% cheaper and impact the value of *** results suggest looking beyond the pure cost reduction paradigm and focus on developing technologies with suitable value approaches that can lead to cheaper electricity systems in future.

关键词： Battery Hydrogen Energy storage Energy system modelling Techno-economic analysis Technology development

Freeform imaging systems:Fermat's principle unlocks"first time right"design

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第6期10卷 1029-1040页

作者： fabian Duerr Hugo Thienpont Brussels Photonics Department of Applied Physics and Photonics(B-PHOT TONA)Vrije Universiteit BrusselPleinlaan 21050 BrusselsBelgium

For more than 150 years,scientists have advanced aberration theory to describe,analyze and eliminate imperfections that disturb the imaging quality of optical components and ***,they have developed optical design methods for and manufacturing techniques of imaging systems with ever-increasing complexity and performanee up to the point where they are now including optical elements that are unrestricted in their surface *** so-called optical freeform elements offer degrees of freedom that can greatly extend the functionalities and further boost the specifications of state-of-the-art imaging ***,the drastically increased number of surface coefficients of these freeform surfaces poses severe challenges for the optical design process,such that the deployme nt of freeform optics remained limited until *** this paper,we present a deterministic direct optical design method for freeform imaging systems based on differential equations derived from Fermats principle and solved using power *** method allows calculating the optical surface coefficients that ensure minimal image blurring for each individual order of *** demonstrate the systematic,deterministic,scalable,and holistic character of our method with catoptric and catadioptric design *** such we introduce a disruptive methodology to design optical imaging systems from scratch,we largely reduce the "trial-and-error",approach in present-day optical design,and we pave the way to a fast-track uptake of freeform elements to create the nextgeneratio n high-end *** include a user application that allows users to experience this unique design method hands-on.

关键词： optics eliminate design

Investigation of grain mass flow in a mixed flow dryer

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Particuology 2014年第1期12卷 33-39页

作者： fabian Weigler Jochen Mellmann Department of Post-harvest Technology Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering Potsdam-Bornim

The numerical modeling of grain drying is a topic of great relevance to post-harvest engineering. The required type of drying process depends on the quantity of grain to be dried and the required quality of the grain. The choice of the drying system depends on the operating parameters of the drying process. The granular flow pattern of the material exerts a significant influence on the drying process. Post-harvest drying of grain is essential for better storage, handling, and processing. Therefore, it is important to know the material behavior that controls the particle flow patterns of grain in the drying equipment to guarantee the product quality and to optimize the drying process conditions. The discrete element method （DEM） was applied to investigate the particle flow pattern of wheat through a mixed-flow dryer （MFD） without airflow, and the findings were compared with experimental results in this work. The investigations were performed using dry wheat with 14 wb% moisture content.

关键词： Keywords:Mixed-flow dryerGrain mass flowDiscrete element method

Adaptive nonlinear model predictive control design of a flexible-link manipulator with uncertain parameters

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2017年第3期33卷 529-542页

作者： fabian Schnelle Peter Eberhard Institute of Engineering and Computational Mechanics University of Stuttgart

This paper presents a novel adaptive nonlinear model predictive control design for trajectory tracking of flexible-link manipulators consisting of feedback linearization, linear model predictive control, and unscented Kalman filtering. Reducing the nonlinear system to a linear system by feedback linearization simplifies the optimization problem of the model predictive controller significantly, which, however, is no longer linear in the presence of parameter uncertainties and can potentially lead to an undesired dynamical behaviour. An unscented Kalman filter is used to approximate the dynamics of the prediction model by an online parameter estimation, which leads to an adaptation of the optimization problem in each time step and thus to a better prediction and an improved input action. Finally, a detailed fuzzy-arithmetic analysis is performed in order to quantify the effect of the uncertainties on the control structure and to derive robustness assessments. The control structure is applied to a serial manipulator with two flexible links containing uncertain model parameters and acting in three-dimensional space.

关键词： Model predictive control Feedback linearization Unscented Kalman filter Flexible-link manipulator Fuzzy-arithmetical analysis

Evaluation of Ultrasound-based Surveillance for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients at Risk:Results From a German Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第3期11卷 626-637页

作者： Johannes Gillessen Philipp Reuken Peter-Marton Hunyady Matthias Christian Reichert Lucian Lothschütz fabian Finkelmeier Matthias Nowka Gabriel Allo fabian Kütting Martin Bürger Dirk Nierhoff Hans-Michael Steffen Christoph Schramm University Hospital Cologne Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyCologneGermany University Hospital Jena Department of Internal Medicine IV-GastroenterologyHepatologyInfectious DiseaseJenaGermany University Hospital Frankfurt Department of Internal Medicine 1-Gastroenterology und HepatologyPulmonology und AllergologyEndocrinologyFrankfurtGermany Department of Medicine II Saarland University Medical CenterHomburgGermany Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital of EssenEssenGermany

Background and Aims:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)surveillance in patients at risk is strongly recommended and usually performed by ultrasound(US)semiannually with or without alfa-fetoprotein(AFP)*** pa-rameters except for surveillance intervals have not been strictly *** aimed to evaluate surveillance success and risk factors for surveillance ***:Patients with≥1 US prior to HCC diagnosis performed at four tertiary referral hospitals in Germany between 2008 and 2019 were retrospectively *** success was defined as HCC detection within Milan ***:Only 47%of 156 patients,median age 63(interquartile range:57-70)years,56%male,and 96%with cirrhosis,received recom-mended surveillance modality and *** fail-ure occurred in 29%and was significantly associated with lower median model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)score odds ratio(OR)1.154,95%confidence interval(CI):1.027-1.297,p=0.025)and HCC localization within right liver lobe(OR:6.083,95%CI:1.303-28.407,p=0.022),but not with AFP≥200μg/*** with surveillance failure had sig-nificantly more intermediate/advanced tumor stages(93%vs.6%,p<0.001),fewer curative treatment options(15%vs.75%,p<0.001)and lower survival at 1 year(54%vs.75%,p=0.041),2 years(32%vs.57%,p=0.019)and 5 years(0%vs.16%,p=0.009).Alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(OR:6.1,95%CI:1.7-21.3,p=0.005)and ascites(OR:3.9,95%CI:1.2-12.6,p=0.021)were in-dependently associated with severe visual limitations on ***:US-based HCC surveillance in patients at risk frequently fails and its failure is associated with unfavorable patient-related *** MELD score and HCC lo-calization within right liver lobe were significantly associated with surveillance failure.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Surveillance success Screening Ultra-sound.