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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Concomitant Chinese Medicine Use by Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients in A Multi-Ethnic Asian Population

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第3期28卷 223-228页

作者： HUANG You-yi XIN Xiao-hui Rehena Sultana Julian Thumboo fong kok yong Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Singapore General HospitalSingapore Medicine Academic Clinical Program Division of MedicineSingapore General HospitalSingapore Centre for Quantitative Medicine Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

Objective:To determine the prevalence,factors associated with and patterns of concomitant Chinese medicine(CM)with Western treatment use among patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA)in a tertiary referral centre(Singapore General Hospital)in ***:We conducted a cross-sectional intervieweradministered survey of a consecutive sample of patients with RA in Singapore General Hospital centre regarding their CM use including data on patient demographics,disease characteristics,concomitant use of CM and reasons,concerns and disclosure patterns from March to August *** and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the associations of CM ***:Prevalence of CM use among the 258 patients surveyed(male:female 42:216;Chinese:Malay:Indian 191:29:34;mean age:61 years;mean duration of RA:10 years)was 46.1%(119/258).On muutivariate analysis,Chinese ethnicity(OR,95%CI:4.11,1.49-11.36),Chinese speakers(OR,95%CI:2.35,1.03-5.54),middle-income group(OR,95%CI:2.53,1.01-6.31)and greater learned helplessness(OR,95%CI:1.13,1.04-1.22)were significantly associated with CM *** CM users disclosed their CM use to CM physicians(87.3%,96/110),sought advice from them on treatment interactions(59.4%,57/96)and how best to combine treatments(49.0%,47/96)than did so with rheumatologists(42.0%,50/119;40.0%,20/50;and 42.0%,21/50,respectively).Forty-two percentage(29/69)of patients who concealed CM use from rheumatologists because their rheumatologists did not specifically enquire about CM ***:Concomitant CM use among patients with RA treated in a tertiary referral centre in Singapore is high but voluntary disclosure is *** associations identified can help doctors identify and enquire about CM use,minimizing potential adverse interactions.

关键词： pevalence rheumatoid arthritis Chinese medicine complementary therapies

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Hardware-Software Collaborative Techniques for Runtime Profiling and Phase Transition Detection

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2005年第5期20卷 665-675页

作者： Youfeng Wu yong-fong Lee Corporate Technology Group Intel Corporation 2200 Mission College Blvd Santa Clara CA 95054 U.S.A. Software and Solutions Group Intel Corporation 2200 Mission College Blvd Santa Clara CA 95054 U.S.A.

Dynamic optimization relies on runtime profile information to improve the performance of program execution. Traditional profiling techniques incur significant overhead and are not suitable for dynamic optimization. In this paper, a new profiling technique is proposed, that incorporates the strength of both software and hardware to achieve near-zero overhead profiling. The compiler passes profiling requests as a few bits of information in branch instructions to the hardware, and the processor executes profiling operations asynchronously in available free slots or on dedicated hardware. The compiler instrumentation of this technique is implemented using an Itanium research compiler. The result shows that the accurate block profiling incurs very little overhead to the user program in terms of the program scheduling cycles. For example, the average overhead is 0.6% for the SPECint95 benchmarks. The hardware support required for the new profiling is practical. The technique is extended to collect edge profiles for continuous phase transition detection. It is believed that the hardware-software collaborative scheme will enable many profile-driven dynamic optimizations for EPIC processors such as the Itanium processors.

关键词： runtime profiling dynamic optimizations phase transition detection hardware-software collaboration

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Effects of Nitridation Temperature on Characteristics of Gallium Nitride Thin Films Prepared Via Two-Step Method

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2015年第3期28卷 362-366页

作者： Chee yong fong Sha Shiong Ng fong Kwong Yam Haslan Abu Hassan Zainuriah Hassan Nano-Optoelectronics Research and Technology Laboratory School of PhysicsUniversiti Sains Malaysia

In this research,the growth of GaN thin films on c-plane sapphire（0001） substrates via two-step method without the assist of buffer layer and catalysts was ***,gallium oxide（Ga_2O_3） thin films were deposited on sapphire substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering *** deposited Ga_2O_3 thin films were then nitridated at various *** this research,attention is focused on the influence of nitridation temperatures on the structural and optical properties of the synthesized GaN thin *** is revealed that 950 ℃ is the optimal nitridation temperature for synthesizing hexagonal wurtzite GaN thin film with preferential（0002） growth direction.

关键词： Sputtering Nitridation Gallium oxide Gallium nitride

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Biogreen Synthesis of Carbon Dots for Biotechnology and Nanomedicine Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2018年第4期10卷 268-313页

作者： kok Ken Chan Stephanie Hui Kit Yap Ken-Tye yong School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University

Over the past decade, carbon dots have ignited a burst of interest in many different fields, including nanomedicine, solar energy, optoelectronics, energy storage,and sensing applications, owing to their excellent photoluminescence properties and the easiness to modify their optical properties through doping and functionalization. In this review, the synthesis, structural and optical properties,as well as photoluminescence mechanisms of carbon dots are first reviewed and summarized. Then, we describe a series of designs for carbon dot-based sensors and the different sensing mechanisms associated with ***, we elaborate on recent research advances on carbon dot-based sensors for the selective and sensitive detection of a wide range of analytes, including heavy metals, cations, anions, biomolecules, biomarkers,nitroaromatic explosives, pollutants, vitamins, and ***, we provide a concluding perspective on the overall status, challenges, and future directions for the use of carbon dots in real-life sensing.

关键词： Carbon dots Heavy metal sensing Photoluminescence mechanism Sensing mechanism Sensor design

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Vitamin E in the management of pancreatic cancer: A scoping review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第6期15卷 943-958页

作者： Sophia Ogechi Ekeuku Effiong Paul Etim kok-Lun Pang kok-yong Chin Chun-Wai Mai Department of Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 56000Malaysia Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI UniversityKuala Lumpur 56000Malaysia Newcastle University Medicine Malaysia Iskandar Puteri 79200JohorMalaysia State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research CenterRen Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200127China Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUCSI UniversityKuala Lumpur 56000Malaysia

Pancreatic cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality *** investigating effective management strategies for pancreatic cancer is *** E,consisting of both tocopherol and tocotrienol,has demonstrated debatable effects on pancreatic cancer ***,this scoping review aims to summarize the effects of vitamin E on pancreatic *** October 2022,a literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus since their *** studies on the effects of vitamin E on pancreatic cancer,including cell cultures,animal models and human clinical trials,were considered for this *** literature search found 75 articles on this topic,but only 24 articles met the inclusion *** available evidence showed that vitamin E modulated proliferation,cell death,angiogenesis,metastasis and inflammation in pancreatic cancer ***,the safety and bioavailability concerns remain to be answered with more extensive preclinical and clinical *** in-depth analysis is necessary to investigate further the role of vitamin E in the management of pancreatic cancers.

关键词： Anti-cancer treatment Pancreatic cancer Scoping review Tocopherol Tocotrienol Vitamin E

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New therapeutic options for persistent low-level viremia in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection:Increase of entecavir dosage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第8期27卷 666-676页

作者： Guo-Qing Yin Jun Li Bei Zhong yong-fong Yang Mao-Rong Wang Department of Infectious Diseases Nanjing Zhong-Da HospitalSoutheast University School of MedicineNanjing 210009Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029Jiangsu ProvinceChina The Sixth Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou Medical University/Qingyuan People’s HospitalQingyuan 511518Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Liver Disease The Second Hospital of NanjingNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210003Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Disease Center The Affiliated Nanjing Jinling HospitalNanjing UniversityNanjing 210002Jiangsu ProvinceChina

Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection(CHB)is a public health concern *** therapies utilizing nucleos(t)ide analogs(NA)have not resulted in a complete cure for ***,patients on long-term NA treatment often develop low-level viremia(LLV).Persistent LLV,in addition to causing the progression of liver disease or hepatocellular carcinoma,may shed light on the current plight of NA ***,we review the literature on LLV,NA treatment,and various doses of entecavir to find a strategy for improving the efficacy of this antiviral *** LLV patients,three therapeutic options are available,switching to another antiviral monotherapy,interferon-αswitching therapy,and continuing *** real-world clinical practice,entecavir overdose has been used in antiviral therapy for CHB patients with NA refractory and persistent LLV,which encouraged us to conduct further in-depth literature survey on dosage and duration related entecavir *** studies of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics show that entecavir has the maximal selected index for safety,and has great potential in inhibiting HBV replication,in all of the *** the particular section of the drug approval package published by the United States Food and Drug Administration,entecavir doses 2.5-20 mg/d do not increase adverse events,and entecavir doses higher than 1.0 mg/d might improve the antiviral *** literature survey led us to two suggestions:(1)Increasing entecavir dose to 1.0 mg/d for the treatment of NA naïve patients with HBV DNA>2×106 IU/mL is feasible and would provide better prognosis;and(2)Further research is needed to assess the long-term toxic effects of higher entecavir doses(2.5 and 5.0 mg/d),which may prove beneficial in treating patients with prior NA treatment,partial virological response,or LLV state.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B virus infection Low-level viremia Therapeutic options Entecavir Dose Efficacy

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Biodegradable nanocarriers for small interfering ribonucleic acid （siRNA） co-delivery strategy increase the chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine

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Nano Research 2017年第9期10卷 3049-3067页

作者： Chengbin Yang kok Ken Chan Wen-Jen Lin Alana Mauluidy Soehartono Guimiao Lin Huiting Toh Ho Sup Yoon Chih-Kuang Chen Ken-Tye yong School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Polymeric Biomaterials Lab Department of Fiber and Composite Materials Feng Chia University Taichung 40724 Taiwan China Key Lab of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China Division of Structural Biology & Biochemistry School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798Singapore Department of Genetic Engineering College of Life Sciences Kyung Hee University Yongin-si Gyeonggi-do 446701 Republic of Korea

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) interference (RNAi) therapies are promising cancer treatment modalities that can specifically target abnormal proto-oncogenes, thus improving the therapeutic effect. For the treatment of pancreatic cancer, targeting one mutant proto-oncogene by RNAi usually does not yield the desired therapeutic efficiency. Both K-ras gene mutations and Notch1 overexpression are common symptoms in pancreatic cancer patients, and play a crucial role in pancreatic cancer cell drug resistance. In this study, biodegradable charged polyester-based vectors (BCPVs) were synthesized for the co-delivery of K-ras and Notch1 small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) into MiaPaCa-2 cells (pancreatic cancer cell line) to overcome drug resistance to gemcitabine (GEM), a first-line chemotherapeutic drug used in the clinic. BCPVs could effectively absorb negative siRNA to form a capsule-like structure, prevent siRNA from nuclease digestion in the serum, and promote effective siRNA cell internalization and endosomal escape. Through K-ras and Notch1 gene silencing in MiaPaCa-2 cells, BCPV-siRNAK-ras-siRNANotch1 nanocomplexes effectively reversed the epithelia-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in MiaPaCa-2 cells, thereby greatly enhancing the sensitivity of MiaPaCa-2 cells to GEM. MiaPaCa-2 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were effectively inhibited, and cell apoptosis was also significantly enhanced by the synergistic antitumor effect of BCPV-siRNAK-ras-siRNANotch1 nanocomplexes and GEM. These results suggest that this combination RNAi therapy can be used to improve cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. Specifically, this newly developed strategy has a great potential for treating pancreatic cancer.

关键词： pancreatic cancer small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) biodegradable charged polyester-based vector (BCPV) gemcitabine (GEM) epithelia-mesenchymal transition (EMT)

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Acoustic Properties of Micro-Perforated Panels Made from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber Reinforced Polylactic Acid

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Sound & Vibration 2021年第4期55卷 343-352页

作者： Vignesh Sekar Se yong Eh Noum Azma Putra Sivakumar Sivanesan kok Chun Chin Yi San Wong Dg Hafizah Kassim School of Computer Science and Engineering Taylor’s UniversitySubang Jaya47500Malaysia Centre for Advanced Research on Energy Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka(UTeM)Melaka76100Malaysia Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka(UTeM)Melaka76100Malaysia

This paper presents the development and performance of micro-perforated panels(MPP)from natural fiber reinforced *** MPP is made of Polylactic Acid(PLA)reinforced with Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber(OPEFBF).The investigation was made by varying the fiber density,air gap,and perforation ratio to observe the effect on the Sound Absorption Coefficient(SAC)through the experiment in an impedance *** is found that the peak level of SAC is not affected,but the peak frequency shifts to lower frequency when the fiber density is *** phenomenon might be due to the presence of porosity in the inner wall of the *** or decreasing the air gap and perforation ratio shifts the peaks of acoustic absorption either way.

关键词： Acoustics micro-perforated panel natural fiber reinforced composite laser cutting impedance tube

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Hikikomori, a Phenomenon of Social Withdrawal and Isolation in Young Adults Marked by an Anomic Response to Coping Difficulties: A Qualitative Study Exploring Individual Experiences from First- and Second-Person Perspectives

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2016年第1期6卷 1-20页

作者： Roseline Kim fong yong Yoshihiro Kaneko Department of Public Health Graduate School of Medicine Akita University Akita Japan Department of Mental Health Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

Hikikomori is a recent phenomenon among young adults in which they isolate themselves from social contacts and responsibility for more than 6 months. This problem has assumed epidemic proportions in Japan and has been widely discussed across disciplines. Previous studies have associated hikikomori with a maladaptation to structural change, an emergent mental problem that needs new diagnosis, or an under-diagnosed schizophrenic disorder. Most previous work has adopted a clinical perspective, and there have been no qualitative studies exploring the individual feelings of people suffering from the syndrome. We adopted a qualitative method using a grounded theory approach. Data collection and analysis took place between September 2006 and August 2008. Theoretical sampling included eight informants from snowball sampling and an online observation consisting of 160 online participants. Analysis focused on informants’ first- and second-person experiences of hikikomori. Data analysis revealed one overriding theme: coping difficulties consisting of the two categories stasis and expression. As a result of conflicting demands and reduced autonomy, respondents experienced stasis, which prevented them from moving forward;“hiding” or “avoiding” heightened the expression of their behaviors. This is the first study to explore the in-depth experience of individuals suffering from hikikomori syndrome in a non-clinical setting. We argue that hikikomoriis not a result of asocial behavior, but rather an anomic response to a situation that informants felt powerless to change and from which they could see no way out. We also observed that feelings of hopelessness and relationship fatigue might be overcome by introducing a relaxed social environment that people can control during rehabilitation.

关键词： Hikikomori Social Withdraw Social Isolation Individual Experiences Qualitative Study Coping Difficulties Mental Health

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Studies of Photocatalytic Kinetics on the Degradation of Bisphenol A （BPA） by Immobilized ZnO Nanoparticles in Aerated Photoreactors

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2012年第2期1卷 187-194页

作者： yong Tao Zuolian Cheng kok Eng Ting Xi Jiang Yin Advanced Material Technology Centre Singapore Polytechnic Singapore 139651 Singapore School of Chemical and Life Sciences Singapore Polytechnic Singapore 139651 Singapore

The photocatalytic kinetics of BPA （4, 4＇-isopropylidenediphenol）, a representative endocrine disruptor, was explored using immobilized ZnO nanoparticles as a photocatalyst in a laboratory scale photocatalytic reactor. The conditions of photocatalytic degradation were optimized. Direct photocatalytic degradation of BPA was undertaken in an aqueous solution containing ZnO nanoparticles under the optimized experimental conditions. The effects of various factors, such as initial BPA concentrations, initial pH values and various anions （CI, NO3, COa2, SO42-, HCO3＂） were investigated. In the case of the nanoparticles derived films, the photocatalytic efficiency was found not to be remarkably related with the calcination temperature employed in the coating process. Screen-printed ZnO nanoparticles films obtained in the optimal processing conditions showed that the photocatalytic activity is comparable to ZnO nanoparticles in aqueous suspensions. Over 90% degradation efficiency of BPA was achieved under the optimum conditions. The degradation rates in all photocatalytic experiments were linear with the degradation efficiencies of BPA by regression analysis （r ≥ 0.99）. The results showed that the degradation kinetics of BPA in the reactor with immobilized nano-ZnO film as photocatalyst was in agreement with a pseudo-first order rate law.

关键词： Bisphenol A (BPA) immobilized ZnO film high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) photocatalyticdegradation photocatalytic kinetics.

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