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Rice Cultivation under Film Mulching Can Improve Soil Environment and Be Benefit for Rice Production in China

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Rice Science 2024年第5期31卷 545-555页

作者： Zhang Youliang Zhu Kaican Tang Yongqi feng shaoyuan College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China

Rice cultivation under film mulching is an integrated management technology that can conserve water, increase soil temperature, improve yield, and enhance water and nitrogen use efficiencies. Despite these advantages, the system does have its drawbacks, such as a reduction in soil organic matter and microplastic pollution, which impede the widespread adoption of film mulching cultivation in China. Nonetheless, the advent of degradable film, controlled-release fertilizer, organic fertilizer, and film mulching machinery is promoting the development of rice film mulching cultivation. This review outlines the impact of rice cultivation under film mulching on soil moisture, soil temperature, soil fertility, greenhouse gas emissions, weed control, and disease and pest management. It also elucidates the mechanism of changes in rice growth, yield and quality, water use efficiency, and nitrogen use efficiency. This paper incorporates a review of published research articles and discusses some uncertainties and shortcomings associated with rice cultivation under film mulching. Consequently, prospective research directions for the technology of rice film mulching cultivation are outlined, and recommendations for future research into rice cultivation under film mulching are proposed.

关键词： nitrogen use efficiency rice cultivation under film mulching soil organic matter yield and quality water use efficiency

Effects of deficit irrigation with saline water on spring wheat growth and yield in arid Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2013年第2期5卷 143-154页

作者： Jing JIANG ZaiLin HUO shaoyuan feng ShaoZhong KANG FenXing WANG ChaoBo ZHANG College of Water Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Centre for Agricultural Water Research in China China Agricultural University College of Water Science and Engineering Yangzhou University

Field experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009 to study the effects of deficit irrigation with saline water on spring wheat growth and yield in an arid region of Northwest China. Nine treatments included three salinity levels sl, s2 and s3 （0.65, 3.2, and 6.1 dS/m） in combination with three water levels wl, w2 and w3 （375, 300, and 225 mm）. In 2008, for most treatments, deficit irrigation showed adverse effects on wheat growth; meanwhile, the effect of saline irrigation was not apparent. In 2009, growth parameters of wl treatments were not always optimal under saline irrigation. At 3.2 and 6.1 dS/m in 2008, the highest yield was obtained by wl treatments, however, in 2009, the weight of 1,000 grains and wheat yield both followed the order w2 〉 wl 〉 w3. In this study, spring wheat was sensitive to water deficit, especially at the booting to grain-filling stages, but was not significantly affected by saline irrigation and the combination of the two factors. The results demonstrated that 300-mm irrigation water with a salinity of less than 3.2 dS/m is suitable for wheat fields in the study area.

关键词： saline water irrigation leaf area index (LAI) leaf potential yield components

Effects of irrigation water salinity on soil salt content distribution,soil physical properties and water use efficiency of maize for seed production in arid Northwest China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第3期11卷 137-145页

作者： Chengfu Yuan shaoyuan feng Juan Wang Zailin Huo Quanyi Ji College of Hydraulic Energy and Power EngineeringYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina Department of Hydraulic Engineering Jiangxi Water Resources InstituteNanchang 330013China Centre for Agricultural Water Research in China China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

In order to explore the use of groundwater resources,field experiments were conducted for three consecutive years during 2012-2014 in the Shiyang River basin of Northwest *** was conducted using four different water salinity levels that were arranged in a split plot *** four water salinity levels were s0,s3,s6 and s9(0.71,3,6 and 9 g/L,respectively).The soil salt content,soil bulk density,soil porosity,saturated hydraulic conductivity,plant height,leaf area index and yield of maize for seed production were measured for studying the effects of saline water irrigation on soil salt content distribution,soil physical properties and water use *** was observed that higher salinity level of irrigation water and long duration of saline water irrigation resulted in more salt *** to initial values,the soil salt accumulation in 0-100 cm soil layer after three years of experiments for s0,s3,s6 and s9 was 0.189 mg/cm3,0.654 mg/cm3,0.717 mg/cm3 and 1.135 mg/cm3,*** greater salt levels in the irrigation water and frequent saline water irrigation led to greater soil bulk density,but poorer soil porosity and less saturated hydraulic *** saturated hydraulic conductivity decreased with increase in soil bulk density,but increased with improvement in soil *** was noted that the maize height,leaf area index and maize yield gradually decreased with increase in water *** maize yield decreased over 25%and the water use efficiency also gradually declined when irrigated with water containing 6 g/L and 9 g/L salinity ***,maize yield following saline water irrigation with 3 g/L decreased less than 20%and the decline in water use efficiency was not significant during the three-year experiment *** results demonstrate that irrigation with saline water at the level of 6 g/L and 9 g/L in the study area is not suitable,while saline water irrigation with 3 g/L would be acceptable for a short

关键词： saline water irrigation soil salt content distribution soil physical properties maize for seed production water use efficiency

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基于转速调控的玉米收获机脱粒装置优化研究

农机化研究 2024年第4期46卷 73-77页

作者：冯少源周章金西藏民族大学陕西咸阳712000

为进一步优化我国玉米收获机的综合作业效率,实现精准收获的智能化提升,以脱离装置为研究对象,进行转速调控的优化研究。以玉米收获机的组成及作业原理为基础,搭建过程参数与脱粒滚筒之间的转速调控数学模型,进行装置的控制优化与组件... 详细信息

为进一步优化我国玉米收获机的综合作业效率,实现精准收获的智能化提升,以脱离装置为研究对象,进行转速调控的优化研究。以玉米收获机的组成及作业原理为基础,搭建过程参数与脱粒滚筒之间的转速调控数学模型,进行装置的控制优化与组件改进。同时,进行基于转速调控功能提升的玉米收获机整机作业试验,结果表明:经深度转速参数动态计算与架构式调控布局设计,玉米收获机的各项评价参数得到明显改善,籽粒破损率与平均含杂率可分别降低至0.58%与0.76%,在转速调控下果穗脱净率相对提升8.00%,整机运行稳定可靠,高于玉米收获机设计的各项农艺性指标要求。

关键词：玉米收获机脱离装置转速调控籽粒破损率

Detecting winter canola(Brassica napus) phenological stages using an improved shape-model method based on time-series UAV spectral data

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The Crop Journal 2022年第5期10卷 1353-1362页

作者： Chao Zhang Zi’ang Xie Jiali Shang Jiangui Liu Taifeng Dong Min Tang shaoyuan feng Huanjie Cai College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Ottawa Research and Development Centre960 Carling AvenueOttawaON K1A 0C6Canada Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Area of Ministry of Education Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina

Accurate information about phenological stages is essential for canola field management practices such as irrigation, fertilization, and harvesting. Previous studies in canola phenology monitoring focused mainly on the flowering stage, using its apparent structure features and colors. Additional phenological stages have been largely overlooked. The objective of this study was to improve a shape-model method(SMM) for extracting winter canola phenological stages from time-series top-of-canopy reflectance images collected by an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV). The transformation equation of the SMM was refined to account for the multi-peak features of the temporal dynamics of three vegetation indices(VIs)(NDVI, EVI, and CI). An experiment with various seeding scenarios was conducted, including four different seeding dates and three seeding densities. Three mathematical functions: asymmetric Gaussian function(AGF), Fourier function, and double logistic function, were employed to fit timeseries vegetation indices to extract information about phenological stages. The refined SMM effectively estimated the phenological stages of canola, with a minimum root mean square error(RMSE) of 3.7 days for all phenological stages. The AGF function provided the best fitting performance, as it captured multiple peaks in the growth dynamics characteristics for all seeding date scenarios using four scaling parameters. For the three selected VIs, CIred-edgeachieved the greatest accuracy in estimating the phenological stage dates. This study demonstrates the high potential of the refined SMM for estimating winter canola phenology.

关键词： Time-seriesⅥ Asymmetric Gaussian function Phenological stage Shape model Remote sensing

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地膜对花生土壤水热环境和生长的影响

灌溉排水学报 2024年第1期43卷 17-27页

作者：唐永齐张友良王凤新窦允清李躲冯绍元扬州大学水利科学与工程学院江苏扬州225009 中国农业大学中国农业水土问题研究中心北京100083 山东省日照市岚山区农业局山东日照276800

【目的】研究不同可降解地膜与普通地膜对花生土壤水热环境和生长的影响。【方法】设置农用白色地膜(WM)、黑色地膜(BM)、白色全生物可降解膜(WDM)、黑色全生物可降解膜(BDM)及不覆膜(CK)共5个处理,开展大田试验探究不同颜色可降解膜和... 详细信息

【目的】研究不同可降解地膜与普通地膜对花生土壤水热环境和生长的影响。【方法】设置农用白色地膜(WM)、黑色地膜(BM)、白色全生物可降解膜(WDM)、黑色全生物可降解膜(BDM)及不覆膜(CK)共5个处理,开展大田试验探究不同颜色可降解膜和普通地膜覆盖对花生土壤水热环境及其生长的影响机制。【结果】(1)WDM处理与BDM处理较WM、BM处理增温保墒效果更好,苗期WDM处理0~25 cm土层平均土壤温度较WM处理高0.8℃,BDM处理较BM处理高0.6℃;苗期WDM处理夜间5 cm土层土壤平均温度较WM处理提高0.8℃,BDM处理较BM处理高0.6℃;苗期WDM处理夜间有效土壤积温较WM处理高88℃,BDM处理较BM处理高60℃;WDM处理全生育期土壤含水率较WM处理提高11.7%,BDM处理较BM处理提高7.2%。(2)WDM处理花生产量较WM、BM、BDM处理分别增加5.3%、6.6%、17.3%,WDM处理水分利用效率较WM、BM、BDM处理分别提高7.8%、11.7%、22.8%。(3)白色可降解膜较黑色可降解膜降解程度提高14.6%。【结论】综上可知,山东花生种植中适宜选用白色全生物可降解膜。

关键词：可降解膜普通地膜花生土壤水热产量

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非充分灌溉条件下农田水分转化SWAP模拟

农业工程学报 2012年第4期28卷 60-68页

作者：冯绍元马英霍再林宋献方扬州大学水利科学与工程学院扬州225009 中国农业大学中国农业水问题研究中心北京100083 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室北京100101

非充分灌溉改变了农田水分转化过程,以往的研究较少讨论作物根系层以下的土壤水分转化动态及其对作物耗水的影响。该文在北京市典型农田开展了冬小麦-夏玉米非充分灌溉试验,在对SWAP模型率定与验证基础上,模拟分析了非充分灌溉农田耗水... 详细信息

非充分灌溉改变了农田水分转化过程,以往的研究较少讨论作物根系层以下的土壤水分转化动态及其对作物耗水的影响。该文在北京市典型农田开展了冬小麦-夏玉米非充分灌溉试验,在对SWAP模型率定与验证基础上,模拟分析了非充分灌溉农田耗水规律与水分转化过程,并应用模型得到了研究区不同降水年型的最优非充分灌溉模式。结果表明:非充分灌溉的实施促使作物消耗大量土壤贮水,当降雨或灌溉量较小时,土壤水可占作物耗水量的46.1%;根区和储水区之间土壤水分交换明显,转化通量变化范围为-2.67～0.45mm/d,而储水区底部水分通量较小且无明显变化,根区土壤水分渗漏出现在灌溉或较大的降雨之后,储水区水分向上补给主要发生在作物需水关键期;与常规灌溉相比,最优非充分灌溉模式在丰水年、平水年和枯水年分别节水375、225和225mm,储水区底部深层水分渗漏量分别减少了89%、17%和2%。

关键词：灌溉土壤水分模型非充分灌溉冬小麦-夏玉米农田水分转化深层渗漏 SWAP模型

Modeling contaminant transport in homogeneous porous media with fractional advection-dispersion equation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第Z2期48卷 295-302页

作者： HUANG Guanhua HUANG Quanzhong ZHAN Hongbin CHEN Jing XIONG Yunwu feng shaoyuan College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Chinese-Israeli International Center for Research and Training in Agriculture Beijing 100083China Department of Geology and Geophysics Texas A&M UniversityTZ77843-3115USA

The newly developed Fractional Advection-Dispersion Equation (FADE), which is based on the Levy motion theory, is an important tool for simulating contaminant transport. The FADE was extended and used in this paper for modelling adsorbing contaminant transport by adding an adsorbing term. A parameter estimation method and its corresponding FORTRAN based program named FADEMain were developed on the basis of Nonlinear Least Square Algorithm and the analytical solution for one-dimensional FADE under the conditions of step input and steady state flow. Data sets of adsorbing contaminants Cd and NH4+-N transport in short homogeneous soil columns and conservative solute NaCl transport in a long homogeneous soil column, respectively were used to estimate the transport parameters both by FADEMain and the advection-dispersion equation (ADE) based program CXTFIT2.1. Results indicated that the concentration simulated by FADE agreed well with the measured data. Compared to the ADE model, FADE can provide better simulation for the concentration in the initial lower concentration part and the late higher concentration part of the breakthrough curves for both adsorbing contaminants. The dispersion coefficients for ADE were from 0.13 to 7.06 cm2/min, while the dispersion coefficients for FADE ranged from 0.119 to 3.05 cm1.856/min for NaCI transport in the long homogeneous soil column. We found that the dispersion coefficient of FADE increased with the transport distance, and the relationship between them can be quantified with an exponential function. Less scale-dependent was also found for the dispersion coefficient of FADE with respect to ADE.

关键词： contaminant fractional advection-dispersion equation Levy motion scale effect.

基于交叉验证的农田土壤饱和导水率传递函数研究

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农业机械学报 2014年第10期45卷 147-152页

作者：孙美张晓琳冯绍元霍再林中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院北京100083 扬州大学水利科学与工程学院扬州225009

基于北京大兴区农田土壤剖面采样数据,采用多元回归及多折交叉验证方法,建立并验证以不同土壤质地、有机质含量为自变量的农田土壤饱和导水率（Ks）土壤传递函数（PTF）,对比了其他3种现有的Ks土壤传递函数预测结果,并对0～80 cm农田土... 详细信息

基于北京大兴区农田土壤剖面采样数据,采用多元回归及多折交叉验证方法,建立并验证以不同土壤质地、有机质含量为自变量的农田土壤饱和导水率（Ks）土壤传递函数（PTF）,对比了其他3种现有的Ks土壤传递函数预测结果,并对0～80 cm农田土壤Ks进行预测。结果表明：以土壤粉粒质量分数、粘粒质量分数、有机质质量比的组合项及常数项为自变量建立的多元回归方程,对所采剖面样本0～100 cm内土壤饱和导水率预测的均方根误差为40.525 cm/d,平均相对误差为204.738%,决定系数为0.544,相关系数为0.742,均好于其他3种预测结果。大兴区域农田土壤Ks表层变化范围较大,北部及西南部永定河一带Ks较小。所建立的PTF模型对采育镇60～80 cm深度处的粘壤土夹层也有较好表征,可以用作大兴区域土壤饱和导水率的评估。

关键词：农田土壤饱和导水率土壤传递函数多元回归多折交叉验证