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Special Topic on Conservation Biology of Endangered Wildlife pushes conservation studies

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第36期57卷 4807-4808页

作者： fang shengguo ZHU Ying Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education State Conservation Center for Gene Resources of Endangered WildlifeCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

In recent years Chinese Science Bulletin has published some work focused on environment,biodiversity and sustainability,etc.[1-10].This has promoted the follow-up and indepth research efforts,and to some extent,has ac... 详细信息

关键词：濒危野生动物保护生物学专题生物多样性可持续性植物保护工作集

Nest Site Preference and Fidelity of Chinese Alligator (Alligator sinensis)

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Asian Herpetological Research 2017年第4期18卷 244-252页

作者： Haiqiong YANG Lan ZHAO Qunhua HAN shengguo fang The Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education and StateConservation Center for Gene Resources of Endangered Wildlife College of Life Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058 China

Oviparous female reptiles select nesting sites with optimal ecological factors that contribute to egg development. Chinese alligator （Alligator sinensis）, an oviparous reptile, is a critically endangered crocodilian with temperature-dependent sex determination. Research on its nesting behavior may facilitate the protection of this species. In this study, we monitored nesting behavior over eight years. We compared selected frequency of nest sites, distance from nest site to water, height from nest site top to the water surface, distance from nest site to human activity region, and canopy density between nest sites on the island and bank. The results showed that 45 nest sites were used by female alligators over eight years and each site was selected from one to 10 times. The selected frequency of nest site occurrence on the island was higher than that on the bank （P 〈 0.001）. We observed that 88% of the individual alligators （15/17） showed different degrees of nest site fidelity. However, Chinese alligators might not always be loyal to only one nest site because of environmental changes or interspecific competition at nest sites. Our findings suggest that female alligators prefer to nest at island, which might be because of the nests on the island had a higher canopy density （P = 0.010） and were further from the human activity region （P 〈 0.001） than those on the bank did. It would be beneficial to reduce human activities during the breeding season and protect the vegetation of Chinese alligator habitats in the future.

关键词： Chinese alligator ecological factor nest site preference nest site fidelity

Establishment and cryopreservation of liver, heart and muscle cell lines derived from the Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第24期56卷 2576-2579页

作者： ZENG ChangJun YE Qing fang shengguo College of Animal Science and Technology Sichuan Agricultural Univerxity Ya' art 625014 China The Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education State Conservation Center for Gene Resources of Endangered Wildlife College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China

The Chinese alligator, Alligator sinensis, is a critically endangered species. A conservation project of gene resources for an endangered species first involves the preservation of organs, tissues, gametes, genomic DNA libraries and cell lines. The present study is the first to establish and cryopreserve cell lines of liver, heart and muscle tissues from the Chinese alligator. The study revealed that there was a large discrepancy in cell migration time in primary cultures among liver (11-12 d), heart (13-14 d) and muscle (17-18 d) tissue pieces. The differences in time in primary cell culture suggested that it was relatively easy to build visceral-derived cell lines for reptiles. Biological analysis showed that the population doubling time for thawed cells was approxi- mately 36 h. Karyotyping revealed that the frequency of Chinese alligator cells showing chromosome number as 2n=32 was 88.6%-93.4%. Chinese alligator cell lines established here provide a vital resource for research and are likely to be useful for protection of this rare and critically endangered species. Furthermore, the establishment of these methods may supply technical and theoretical support for preserving genetic resources at the cellular level for other reptile species.

关键词：肌肉组织冷冻保存扬子鳄细胞株肝脏心脏濒危物种原代细胞培养

A family net of giant pandas in the Tangjiahe Natural Reserve:Assessment of current individual migration

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第17期50卷 1879-1886页

作者： WAN Qiuhong fang shengguo LI Jianguo ZHANG Liming OU Weifu XIAN fanghai CHEN Wanli College of Life Sciences State Conservation Center for Gene Resources of Endangered Wildlife and Key Laboratory of Conservation Genetics and Reproductive Biology for Endangered Wild Animals of Ministry of Education Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China Forestry Department of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610081 China Sichuan Bureau for Wildlife Resource Investigation Conservation and Management Chengdu 610082 China Tangjiahe Natural Reserve Qingchuan 628109 China

In the present study, formalin-fixed feces, oli-gonucleotide fingerprinting and SRY-gene based sexing were used to construct a family net for giant pandas in the Tang-jiahe Natural Reserve and to assess contemporary gene flow (migration) in this population. A total of 124 fecal samples were attributed to 37 individuals (22 females and 15 males) that were then analyzed for family relationships. Based on DNA fingerprints, the deduced family net revealed the fol-lowing facts: (i) First-order relatives possessed similarities from 50% to 90%, and similarities between unrelated indi-viduals or distant relatives were as high as 77%, indicating that the Tangjiahe pandas are characterized by high genetic similarity; (ii) 15 matings were identified and 5 ones oc-curred between close relatives, implying that there is poten-tial for inbreeding to impact the pandas; (iii) four mating pairs and 5 offspring presented long distance migrations, demonstrating the intra-reserve habitat is continuous; (iv) four pairs of full sibs (also female-male dyads) dispersed short distance and all of them gave birth to highly inbred offspring, reflecting long distance migration is vital for in-breeding avoidance; (v) 17 adult individuals dispersed short or moderate distance and formed three clusters on the land-scape, indicating that it is necessary to find out whether there is a negative factor impacting the pandas.

关键词： DNA 生物技术同系繁殖植物移植分散模式

Does population increase alone ensure the long-term survival of endangered species?

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第24期56卷 2521-2522页

作者： fang shengguo Special Topic Editor College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Zhejiang Univ Coll Life Sci Hangzhou 310058 Zhejiang Peoples R China

Over the past three decades, wildlife conservation in China has achieved a number of successes. Endangered animals such as the Chinese alligator and the crested ibis, and plants such as the dawn redwood and Dysosma versipellis have recovered from the brink of extinction after considerable in situ and ex situ conservation efforts. However, population increase alone does not ensure the longterm survival of rare and endangered species, which also requires support from different fields of conservation biology.

关键词：人口增长濒危物种野生动物保护保护生物学濒危动物迁地保护扬子鳄朱鹮

基于Cyt b基因探讨羚羊亚科原羚属系统发生关系

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兽类学报 2005年第2期25卷 105-114页

作者：王江方盛国浙江大学生命科学学院

原羚属物种在羚羊亚科中的分类地位尚存在很多争议。本文测定了原羚属的黄羊和藏原羚细胞色素b基因全序列(114 0bp) ,并与牛科其它属31个种的同源序列进行比较,对其碱基组成变异情况及核苷酸序列差异进行了分析。基于细胞色素b基因全序... 详细信息

原羚属物种在羚羊亚科中的分类地位尚存在很多争议。本文测定了原羚属的黄羊和藏原羚细胞色素b基因全序列(114 0bp) ,并与牛科其它属31个种的同源序列进行比较,对其碱基组成变异情况及核苷酸序列差异进行了分析。基于细胞色素b基因全序列,用简约法(MP)、邻接法(NJ)和似然法(ML)构建了系统进化树。结果表明:黄羊和藏原羚的序列差异为3 78% ,颠换数目近乎为0 ,其突变远未饱和;原羚属内黄羊和藏原羚为不同种,单系发生;原羚属与赛加羚羊属、犬羚属及跳羚属等并系发生,原羚属隶属于羚羊亚科,应为独立属;羚羊亚科组成属间多为并系起源。根据序列差异值2 % /百万年的细胞色素b分子钟,推测黄羊和藏原羚分歧时间大约为1～2百万年;原羚属与羚羊亚科其它属分歧时间大约在5

关键词：羚羊亚科系统发生关系细胞色素b基因 Cyt 序列差异分歧时间系统进化树藏原羚分类地位同源序列碱基组成赛加羚羊全序列黄羊核苷酸未饱和分子钟并系物种牛科突变单系

基因组文库构建及其在保护遗传学中的应用前景

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兽类学报 2005年第1期25卷 86-90页

作者：林翙方盛国浙江大学生命科学学院

基因组文库是进行分子克隆和基因组结构与功能研究的基础。完整的基因组文库的构建 ,使任何DNA片段的筛选和获得成为可能。随着不同克隆载体的相继出现 ,基因组文库也经历了一系列的发展过程。其中 ,BAC文库因其转化效率高、嵌合体少、... 详细信息

基因组文库是进行分子克隆和基因组结构与功能研究的基础。完整的基因组文库的构建 ,使任何DNA片段的筛选和获得成为可能。随着不同克隆载体的相继出现 ,基因组文库也经历了一系列的发展过程。其中 ,BAC文库因其转化效率高、嵌合体少、插入片段易回收 ,以及容载量较大等优点而被广泛应用。近几十年来 ,随着环境的日益恶化、分子遗传学技术的迅速发展 ,以及保护生物学和分子遗传学的不断相互渗透 ,孕育产生了保护遗传学这一分支学科。作为保护遗传学中物种保护策略的重要部分 ,建立濒危野生动植物的基因组文库 ,是保存其种质资源的最为有效的实际手段和方法 ,并能为进一步开展与生殖、疾病和重要经济性状等方面有关的功能基因的研究。

关键词：保护遗传学基因组文库濒危保护生物学分子遗传学技术 DNA片段功能基因经济性状种质资源载量

Population structure of black muntjac（Muntiacus crinifrons）based on mitochondriai DNA control region sequences

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Population structure of black muntjac（Muntiacus crinifrons...

野生动物生态与资源保护第三届全国学术研讨会

作者： WU Hailong fang shengguo (College of life Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310029)

＜正＞The black muntjac（Muntiacus crinifrons）is a rare species endemic to China and its current distribution is confined to partial mountain ranges in eastern *** assess the population structure and gene flow among the extant populations,we sequenced a portion of the mitochondrial control region（424 bp）for 47 samples collected from its current three large populations（Huangshan,Tiammushan and Suichang）.A total

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扬子鳄性别定向的全自动孵化

野生动物学报 2015年第1期36卷 103-107页

作者：方黎明方盛国长兴尹家边扬子鳄自然保护区长兴313100 浙江大学生命科学学院、濒危动植物保护生物学教育部重点实验室杭州310058

2013和2014年,利用爬行动物卵全自动孵化器和温湿度全自动记录仪分别在所设置的26.5℃、27.5℃、28.5℃、29℃、30℃、31℃、32℃、33℃、34℃、34.5℃、35.5℃和36.0℃共12个温度梯度对288枚扬子鳄的受精卵进行了人工孵化,结果发现：（... 详细信息

2013和2014年,利用爬行动物卵全自动孵化器和温湿度全自动记录仪分别在所设置的26.5℃、27.5℃、28.5℃、29℃、30℃、31℃、32℃、33℃、34℃、34.5℃、35.5℃和36.0℃共12个温度梯度对288枚扬子鳄的受精卵进行了人工孵化,结果发现：（1）扬子鳄卵可以在全自动孵化条件下成功孵化出幼鳄,并在29℃~34℃孵化温度区间具有最高的出壳成活率;（2）孵化温度≤27.5℃或≥35.5℃时,均不能孵化出成活的扬子鳄;（3）扬子鳄全雌个体的性别定向孵化温度初步确定为29℃,其受精卵的孵化成活率为91.67%;（4）扬子鳄全雄个体的性别定向孵化温度初步确定为34℃,其受精卵的孵化成活率为87.50%。由于浙江扬子鳄人工湿地种群已出现了性比失调问题,所以该结果将为有关部门规模化定向孵化雌性个体以解决种群的性比结构问题奠定基础。

关键词：扬子鳄性比人工孵化性别定向