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Applying Earth Observation Technologies to Economic Consequence Modeling:A Case Study of COVID‑19 in Los Angeles County,California

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 18-31页

作者： fynnwin Prager Marina T.Mendoza Charles K.Huyck Adam Rose Paul Amyx Gregory Yetman Kristy f.Tiampo California State University Dominguez HillsCarsonCA 90747USA ImageCat Inc.Long BeachCA 90802USA University of Southern California Los AngelesCA 90015USA CIESIN–Center for International Earth Science Information Network Columbia UniversityPalisadesNY 10964USA Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences(CIRES) University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80309USA

Earth observation(EO) technologies,such as very high-resolution optical satellite data available from Maxar,can enhance economic consequence modeling of disasters by capturing the fine-grained and real-time behavioral responses of businesses and the *** investigated this unique approach to economic consequence modeling to determine whether crowd-sourced interpretations of EO data can be used to illuminate key economic behavioral responses that could be used for computable general equilibrium modeling of supply chain repercussions and resilience *** applied our methodology to the COVID-19 pandemic experience in Los Angeles County,California as a case *** also proposed a dynamic adjustment approach to account for the changing character of EO through longer-term disasters in the economic modeling *** found that despite limitations,EO data can increase sectoral and temporal resolution,which leads to significant differences from other data sources in terms of direct and total impact *** findings from this analytical approach have important implications for economic consequence modeling of disasters,as well as providing useful information to policymakers and emergency managers,whose goal is to reduce disaster costs and to improve economic resilience.

关键词： Computable general equilibrium models COVID-19 Disaster economic impacts Earth observation Economic consequence analysis Los Angeles County

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强震区桥梁抗震挡块强度退化模型及其应用

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中国公路学报 2024年第7期37卷 179-188页

作者：韦旺邵长江袁得铮王春阳李贞新庄卫林 OKOYA ONOUNGOUA f f 西南交通大学土木工程学院四川成都610031 陆地交通地质灾害防治技术国家工程研究中心四川成都610031 中交公路规划设计院有限公司北京100088

钢筋混凝土抗震挡块作为强震区桥梁的重要受力构件,强震下往往率先发生严重破坏,而现行规范中尚未明确给出挡块的抗震设计方法及其分析模型。为此,在揭示钢筋混凝土抗震挡块斜截面破坏机理的基础上,基于刚体转动平衡方程推导了考虑混凝... 详细信息

钢筋混凝土抗震挡块作为强震区桥梁的重要受力构件,强震下往往率先发生严重破坏,而现行规范中尚未明确给出挡块的抗震设计方法及其分析模型。为此,在揭示钢筋混凝土抗震挡块斜截面破坏机理的基础上,基于刚体转动平衡方程推导了考虑混凝土残余抗拉强度和钢筋变形协调性的3类挡块强度计算公式,并通过能量等效原理建立了挡块强度双折线退化模型。以九度区一座近断层的中小跨径梁桥为例,通过剪切铰模型模拟挡块强度双折线退化,进而探讨挡块承载力下降对桥梁下部结构地震需求的影响。研究结果表明:所提抗震挡块强度计算公式及其强度退化模型能够较为精确地预测挡块的力学特征(计算平均误差小于5%),采用剪切铰模型能够合理地模拟挡块在强震下的损伤行为;强震作用下,不考虑抗震挡块碰撞效应的影响将低估桥梁下部结构的地震需求,会导致不安全的设计结果;而仅考虑挡块刚性碰撞(不考虑挡块承载力下降)则会高估桥梁下部结构的地震需求,容易造成不必要的浪费;抗震挡块不仅起到限制主梁横向位移的作用,而且挡块的损伤一定程度上起到消耗上部结构地震力的作用;考虑所提挡块强度退化后,能准确反映主梁与挡块之间的碰撞力对桥梁下部结构地震需求的影响。所提的挡块强度退化模型及其模拟方法可为九度区中小跨径梁桥的抗震设计提出借鉴。

关键词：桥梁工程强度退化模型剪切破坏机理抗震挡块板式橡胶支座滑动效应九度区

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A new technique for fault diagnosis in transformer insulating oil based on infrared spectroscopy measurements

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High Voltage 2024年第2期9卷 319-335页

作者： Mohamed M.f.Darwish Mohamed H.A.Hassan Nagat M.K.Abdel-Gawad Matti Lehtonen Diaa-Eldin A.Mansour Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering at ShoubraBenha UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation School of Electrical EngineeringAalto UniversityEspooFinland Department of Electrical Power Engineering Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology(E-JUST)New Borg El-Arab CityEgypt Department of Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTantaEgypt

Condition monitoring of the insulating system within power transformers has a massive importance according to the electrical *** gas analysis(DGA)is frequently used for this ***,DGA lacks the necessary level of accuracy to identify all equipment faults,particularly in their initial stages of ***,it does not have the capability for real-time monitoring and relies on manual sampling and laboratory testing,causing potential delays in fault ***,the interpretation of DGA data necessitates specialised expertise,which may pose difficulties for smaller entities that have limited access to ***,the contribution of this research is to use infrared spectroscopy measurements as a new effective technique substituting the DGA method for fault diagnosis in insulating *** inception faults that were considered in this study were the electrical fault(discharges of high energy)and the thermal fault(300°Cfted especially for serving the simulation processes inside the laboratory for both types of inception ***,six samples of pure paraffinic mineral oil were taken to be degraded in the *** that,all of them besides another sample that were not subjected to any kind of faults were taken to be examined by fourier transform infrared(fTIR)spectroscopy to obtain an overview of the oil's behaviour in each fault *** that,the fTIR analysis was initially verified utilising the DGA ***,for further affirmation,the dielectric dissipation factor(DDf)for all samples was *** the final analysis,the verification tests provide experimental evidence about the outperformance of this new optical technique in detecting the transformer's inception faults in addition to proving its potential for being a superior alternative to the well-known traditional diagnostic techniques.

关键词： fault diagnosis spectroscopy

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Reviewing 40 years of artificial intelligence applied to power systems-A taxonomic perspective

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 136-150页

作者： f.Heymann H.Quest T.Lopez Garcia C.Ballif M.Galus Swiss federal Office for Energy(SfOE) Section Geoinformation and Digital InnovationIttigenSwitzerland Ecole Polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne(EPfL) Photovoltaics and Thin-Film Electronics Laboratory(PV-LAB)Institute of Electrical and Micro Engineering(IEM)NeuchâtelSwitzerland 3S Swiss Solar Solutions AG ThunSwitzerland Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology(CSEM) Sustainable Energy CenterNeuchâtelSwitzerland Digital Energy and Electric Power Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and ArtsLucerneSwitzerland

Artificial intelligence(AI)as a multi-purpose technology is gaining increased attention and is now widely used across all sectors of the *** growing complexity of planning and operating power systems makes AI extremely valuable for the power *** now,there has been a lack of clarity regarding the specific points along the power system supply chain where AI applications demonstrate significant value,as well as which AI domains are best suited for such *** study employs an AI taxonomy and automated web search to qualitatively and quantitatively unveil the biggest potentials of AI in the power *** analysis,based on a review of 258’919 publications between 1982 and 2022,reveals where AI applications are particularly *** consider six AI domains(reasoning,planning,learning,communication,perception,integration&interaction)and 19 use cases from the power supply chain(i.e.,generation,transmission networks,distribution networks,isolated grids/microgrids,market operations and retail).Our findings indicate that,as of now,the focus is predominantly on AI applications in power retail(55%),transmission(14%)and generation(13%).Most analyzed works describe applications built on algorithms of the AI domains“learning”(45%)and“planning”(14%).Results also suggest that the current definition of AI domains is ambiguous,and they highlight missing information on the actual use and successful implementation of AI in power system use cases.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Power systems Electricity Taxonomy Policy

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Heat and mass transfer of a circular porous moist object located in a triangular shaped vented cavity

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第6期31卷 1956-1972页

作者： SELIMEfENDIGIL fatih OZCAN COBAN Seda OZTOP Hakan f Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Faisal UniversityAl Ahsa 31982Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering Manisa Celal Bayar UniversityManisa 45140Turkey Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology FacultyFırat UniversityElazığTurkey

Heat and mass transfer of a circular-shaped porous moist object inside a two-dimensional triangle cavity is investigated by using finite element *** porous object is considered to be a moist food sample,located in the middle of the cavity with inlet and outlet ports with different configurations of inlet/outlet *** drying performance is numerically assessed for different values of Reynolds numbers(between 50 and 250),dry air inlet temperature(between 40 and 80℃)and different locations of the *** is observed that changing the port locations has significant impacts on the flow recirculaitons inside the triangular chamber while convective drying performance is highly *** moisture content reduces with longer time and for higher Reynolds number(Re)*** P4 where inlet and outlet ports are in the middle of the walls provides the most effective configuration in terms of convective drying performance while the worst case is seen for P1 case where inlet and outlet are closer to the corners of the *** is a 192% difference between the moisture reduction of these two cases at Re=250,T=80℃ and t=120 min.

关键词： convective drying porous domain cavity flow inlet/exit port finite element method

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Micropropagation protocol for Salvadora oleoides

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Journal of forestry Research 2019年第1期30卷 87-93页

作者： Ravindra Kumar Raoof Ahmad najar Kunj Bihari Gupta Ram Gopal Saini Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences School of Basic and Applied Sciences Central University of Punjab Department of Plant Sciences School of Basic and Applied Sciences Central University of Punjab Centre for Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Adesh University

Salvadora oleoides Decne. is a pharmaceutically important plant. Owing to poor seed formation, viability and, germination, and to anthropogenic disturbances, this species is on the verge of extinction. A reproducible micropropagation protocol to increase the population through tissue culture has been standardized and the results are reported here. Callus tissues were initiated from young leaves and stem explants. Leaf calluses proliferated with 1.5 mg/L BAP and 0.9 mg/L 2, 4-D with additives and continuous slow proliferation up to 15 weeks on 0.5 mg/L BAP and additives with 200 mg/L activated *** shoot initiation took place from stem node explants after 12 days; 4–5 shoots per node were produced in 30 days. Shoot clumps elongated and grew further on MS media supplemented with 2 mg/L BAP, 0.2 mg/L NAA and additives, which generated 20–23 shoots. The elongated shoots induced tap roots with 4 mg/L NAA and200 mg/L activated charcoal in 12 days. In vitro raised plants produced secondary roots when transferred to pots containing vermiculite maintained at 28–35 ℃. The plantlets successfully acclimatised in pots containing soil in natural conditions.

关键词： Salvadora oleoides Endangered species Micropropagation Explants Calluses Acclimatize

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Insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: Insights into clinical efficacy, patient-reported outcomes, and adherence challenges

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 828-852页

作者： Mahmoud Emad-Eldin Gehan f Balata Eman A Elshorbagy Mona S Hamed Mohamed S Attia Department of Pharmacy Practice Faculty of PharmacyZagazig UniversityZagazig HFQM+872Al-Sharqia GovernorateEgypt Department of Pharmacy Practice Faculty of PharmacyHeliopolis UniversityCairo 44519Egypt Department of Pharmaceutics Faculty of PharmacyZagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Al-Sharqia GovernorateEgypt Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Al-Sharqia GovernorateEgypt Department of Community at faculty of Medicine Zagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Al-Sharqia GovernorateEgypt

Insulin therapy plays a crucial role in the management of type 2 diabetes as the disease *** the past century,insulin formulations have undergone significant modifications and bioengineering,resulting in a diverse range of available insulin *** products show distinct pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic ***,various insulin regimens have em-erged for the management of type 2 diabetes,including premixed formulations and combinations of basal and bolus *** utilization of different insulin regimens yields disparate clinical outcomes,adverse events,and,notably,patient-reported outcomes(PROs).PROs provide valuable insights from the patient’s perspective,serving as a valuable mine of information for enhancing healthcare and informing clinical *** to insulin therapy,a critical patient-reported outcome,significantly affects clinical outcomes and is influenced by multiple *** review provides insights into the clinical effectiveness of various insulin preparations,PROs,and factors impacting insulin therapy adherence,with the aim of enhancing healthcare practices and informing clinical decisions for individuals with type 2 diabetes.

关键词： Adherence Diabetes Insulin Patient-reported outcomes Pharmacokinetic Pharmacodynamic

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Immune response to inactivated bacterial vector carrying the recombinant K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum in mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第5期14卷 199-206页

作者： Lucelina S.Araújo Bruno B.Silva Eduarda N.f.N.Santos Arnaldo S.Bezerra Samuel S.frota Assis R.Montenegro Eridan O.P.T.florean Maurício fvan Tilburg Maria Izabel f.Guedes Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Northeast Biotechnology NetworkState University of CearáFortalezaBrazil faculty of Veterinary Medicine State University of CearáFortalezaBrazil

Objective:To evaluate the immunological response elicited by an inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum,and a purified ***:Mice were subjected to the following treatments:(1)Purified recombinant K39(rK39)protein at a 20μg dose with complete freund’s adjuvant;(2)Inactivated Escherichia coli(BL21 DE3)carrying the K39 protein at an equivalent total protein content of 200μg;(3)Inactivated bacteria lacking the K39 protein;(4)Non-immunized control *** monitoring was *** groups were challenged by intraperitoneal injection of 10^(7) Leishmania infantum *** euthanasia,the liver and spleen were collected to analyze the levels of TNf,IfN-γ,IL-12,IL-4,and ***:Mice immunized with purified rK39 or the inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum showed a long-lasting immune response with high levels of polyclonal antibodies specifically recognizing the recombinant *** IgG1 subclass was the predominant immunoglobulin;however,the induction of IgG2a and the profile of cytokines produced were indicative of the induction of a mixed-type ***:The inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen,as well as the purified antigen can induce a long-lasting immune response in immunized mice,predominantly favouring a Th2 profile response.

关键词： Visceral leishmaniasis K39 Inactivated bacterial vector Vaccine Immune response Th1 Th2 Leishmania infantum

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Telomeric DNA breaks in human induced pluripotent stem cells trigger ATR-mediated arrest and telomerase-independent telomere damage repair

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2024年第3期16卷 46-60页

作者： Katrina N.Estep John W.Tobias Rafael J.fernandez Brinley M.Beveridge f.Brad Johnson Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Quantiative Biosciences Merck&Co.Inc.West PointPA 19486USA Penn Genomic Analysis Core University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

Although mechanisms of telomere protection are well-defined in differentiated cells,how stem cells sense and respond to telomere dysfunction,in particular telomeric double-strand breaks(DSBs),is poorly ***,we report the DNA damage signaling,cell cycle,and transcriptome changes in human induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)in response to telomere-internal *** engineer human iPSCs with an inducible TRf1-fokI fusion protein to acutely induce DSBs at *** this model,we demonstrate that TRf1-fokI DSBs activate an ATR-dependent DNA damage response,which leads to p53-independent cell cycle arrest in *** CRISPR–Cas9 to cripple the catalytic domain of telomerase reverse transcriptase,we show that telomerase is largely dispensable for survival and lengthening of TRf1-fokI-cleaved telomeres,which instead are effectively repaired by robust homologous recombination(HR).In contrast to HR-based telomere maintenance in mouse embryonic stem cells,where HR causes ZSCAN4-dependent extension of telomeres beyond their initial lengths,HR-based repair of telomeric breaks is sufficient to maintain iPSC telomeres at a normal length,which is compatible with sustained survival of the cells over several days of TRf1-fokI *** findings suggest a previously unappreciated role for HR in telomere maintenance in telomerase-positive iPSCs and reveal distinct iPSC-specific responses to targeted telomeric DNA damage.

关键词： telomeres telomerase alternative lengthening of telomeres pluripotent stem cells DNA damage double-strand breaks

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Long-term Integration Ability of the Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite(SWAS)Spectral Line Receivers

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 315-322页

作者： Bing-Ru Wang Di Li Paul f.Goldsmith Jingwen Wu Chao-Wei Tsai Rudolf Schieder Gary J.Melnick National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311100China Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91109USA Institute for frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China KOSMA I.Physik.InstitutUniversität zu KölnZülpicher Str.7750937 KölnGermany Center for Astrophysics|Harvard&Smithsonian 60 Garden StreetMS 66CambridgeMA 02138USA

The Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite(SWAS)was the first space telescope capable of high spectral resolution observations of terahertz spectral *** have investigated the integration ability of its two receivers and spectrometer during five and a half years of on-orbit *** CI,O_(2),H_(2)O,and^(13)CO spectra taken toward all observed Galactic sources were *** present results are based on spectra with a total integration time of up to 2.72×10~4hr(■10~8s).The noise in the spectra is generally consistent with that expected from the radiometer equation,without any sign of approaching a noise *** noise performance reflects the extremely stable performance of the passively cooled front end as well as other relevant components in the SWAS instrument throughout its mission lifetime.

关键词： telescopes space vehicles:instruments instrumentation:miscellaneous ISM:lines and bands

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