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Immunomodulatory activity of.polycaprolactone nanoparticles with calcium phosphate salts against Leishmania inf.ntum inf.ction

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Asian Pacif.c Journal of.Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第8期14卷 359-368页

作者： kübra kelleci Adil Allahverdiyev Melahat Bağırova Murat Ihlamur emrahŞef.k Abamor Department of.Bioengineering Yildiz Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey V.Akhundov National Scientif.c Research Medical Prophylactic Institute BakuAzerbaijan Department of.electronics and Automation Biruni UniversityIstanbulTurkey

Objective:To prepare and characterize polycaprolactone(PCL)nanoparticles loaded with sonicator f.agmented(SLA)and f.eeze-thaw Leishmania antigens(f.LA)and to investigate the in vitro immunogenicity of.antigen-encapsulated nanoparticles with calcium phosphate ***:The water/oil/water binary emulsion solvent evaporation method was used to synthesize antigen-loaded PCL *** were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and zeta potential *** cytotoxicity in J774 macrophages in vitro was determined by MTT *** addition,the amount of.nitric oxide and the level of.cytokines produced by macrophages were determined by Griess reaction and eLISA method,*** protective ef.ect of.the developed f.rmulations was evaluated by determining the inf.ction index percentage in macrophages inf.cted with Leishmania ***:Compared to the control group,SLA PCL and f.LA PCL nanoparticles with calcium phosphate adjuvant induced a 6-and 7-f.ld increase in nitric oxide,***,the vaccine f.rmulations promoted the production of.If.-γand *** PCL and f.LA PCL nanoparticles combined with calcium phosphate adjuvant caused an approximately 13-and 11-f.ld reduction in inf.ction index,respectively,compared to the control ***:The encapsulation of.antigens obtained by both sonication and f.eeze-thawing into PCL nanoparticles and the f.rmulations with calcium phosphate adjuvant show strong in vitro immune stimulating ***,PCL-based antigen delivery systems and calcium phosphate adjuvant are recommended as a potential vaccine candidate against leishmaniasis.

关键词： Leishmaniasis Calcium phosphate Polycaprolactone Nanoparticle Antigen delivery system Adjuvant Vaccine design

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exploration of.chromene-based BioAIegens

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 47-48页

作者： f.itz e.kühn Department of.Chemistry&Catalysis Research Center School of Natural Sciences Technical University of Munich

Photoemission ef.iciency is usually higher in solution than in solid *** compounds however, display a reverse behavior. Such a behavior is called aggregation-induced emission(AIe).

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Macroscopic Traversable Wormholes: Minimum Requirements

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International Journal of.Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期14卷 230-243页

作者： Peter k. f. kuhf.ttig Department of.Mathematics Milwaukee School of Engineering Milwaukee USA

While wormholes are just as good a prediction of.einstein’s theory as black holes, they are subject to severe restrictions f.om quantum f.eld theory. To allow f.r the possibility of.interstellar travel, a macroscopic wormhole would need to maintain suf.iciently low radial tidal f.rces. It is proposed in this paper that the assumption of.zero tidal f.rces, i.e., the limiting case, is suf.icient f.r overcoming the restrictions f.om quantum f.eld theory. The f.asibility of.this approach is subsequently discussed by 1) introducing the additional conditions needed to ensure that the radial tidal f.rces can indeed be suf.iciently low and 2) by viewing traversable wormholes as emergent phenomena, thereby increasing the likelihood of.their existence.

关键词： Morris-Thorne Wormholes Traversability Minimum Requirements Stability Compatibility with Quantum f.eld Theory

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Thin-Shell Wormholes Admitting Conf.rmal Motions in Spacetimes of.embedding Class One

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International Journal of.Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期14卷 162-171页

作者： Peter k. f. kuhf.ttig Department of.Mathematics Milwaukee School of Engineering Milwaukee USA

This paper discusses the f.asibility of.thin-shell wormholes in spacetimes of.embedding class one admitting a one-parameter group of.conf.rmal motions. It is shown that the surf.ce energy density σis positive, while the surf.ce pressure is negative, resulting in , thereby signaling a violation of.the null energy condition, a necessary condition f.r holding a wormhole open. f.r a Morris-Thorne wormhole, matter that violates the null energy condition is ref.rred to as “exotic”. f.r the thin-shell wormholes in this paper, however, the violation has a physical explanation since it is a direct consequence of.the embedding theory in conjunction with the assumption of.conf.rmal symmetry. These properties avoid the need to hypothesize the existence of.the highly problematical exotic matter.

关键词： Thin-Shell Wormholes Conf.rmal Symmetry embedding Class One exotic Matter

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The ef.ects of.local variations in conditions on carbon storage and release in the continental mantle

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 22-36页

作者： Stephen f.f.ley Chunf.i Chen Dorrit e.Jacob School of.Natural Sciences Macquarie University Research School of.earth Sciences Australian National University State key Laboratory of.Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences

Recent advances indicate that the amount of.carbon released by gradual degassing f.om the mantle needs to be revised upwards, whereas the carbon supplied by plumes may have been overestimated in the *** in rock types and oxidation state may be very local and exert strong inf.uences on carbon storage and release mechanisms. Deep subduction may be prevented by diapirism in thick sedimentary packages,whereas carbonates in thinner sequences may be subducted. Carbonates stored in the mantle transition zone will melt when they heat up, recognized by coupled stable isotope systems(e.g. Mg, Zn, Ca). There is no single ‘mantle oxygen f.gacity’, particularly in the thermal boundary layer(TBL) and lowermost lithosphere, where very local mixtures of.rock types coexist. Carbonate-rich melts f.om either subduction or melting of.the uppermost asthenosphere trap carbon by redox f.eezing or as carbonate-rich dykes in this zone. Deeply derived, reduced melts may f.rm f.rther diamond reservoirs, recognized as polycrystalline diamonds associated with websteritic silicate minerals. Carbon is released by either edge-driven convection,which tears sections of.the TBL and lower lithosphere down so that they melt by a mixture of.heating and oxidation, or by lateral advection of.solids beneath rif.s. Both mechanisms operate at steps in lithosphere thickness and result in carbonate-rich melts, explaining the spatial association of.craton edges and carbonate-rich magmatism. High-pressure experiments on individual rock types, and increasingly on reactions between rocks and melts, are f.ne-tuning our understanding of.processes and turning up unexpected results that are not seen in studies of.single rocks. f.ture research should concentrate on elucidating local variations and integrating these with the interpretation of.geophysical signals. Global concepts such as average sediment compositions and a unif.rm mantle oxidation state are not appropriate f.r small-scale processes; an increa

关键词： lithospheric mantle carbonate melts deep carbon cycle craton destruction continental rif.s

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Commentary on“Incidence of.urinary incontinence f.llowing endoscopic laser enucleation of.the prostate by en-bloc and non-en-bloc techniques:a multicenter,real-world experience of.5068 patients”

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Asian Journal of.Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 333-334页

作者： James f.Jiang Narmina k Onder Akhil k Das Department of.Urology University of California Irvine Orange CA 92868 USA.

Laser enucleation of.the prostate is a proven and ef.ectivesize-independent method f.r the surgical management of.symptomaticbenign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)and is considered as the“goldstandard”by many *** major hurdles that stand in theway of.this becoming a universally used procedure f.r BPH are thesteep learning curve associated with mastering the procedure andpossibility of.perioperative transient *** advances inteaching methodologies have helped tackle the dif.iculty in learning itand increased the number of.urologists utilizing the *** f.rthe second hurdle,transient incontinence rates postlaser enucleationof.the prostate have improved with the advent of.newer techniques *** et al.1 assesses the incidence of.stress,urge,andmixed urinary incontinence f.llowing laser enucleation of.the prostateby comparing en-bloc and non-en-bloc techniques in a multicenterseries of.5068 men with BPH.

关键词： urinary incontinence transient

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Converting TRex-RGB green-channel data to 557.7 nm auroral intensity:Methodology and initial results

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earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 258-274页

作者： Jun Liang D.M.Gillies e.Spanswick e.f.Donovan University of.Calgary CalgaryT2N 1N4Canada

The recently deployed Transition Region explorer(TRex)-RGB(red-green-blue)all-sky imager(ASI)is designed to capture“true color”images of.the aurora and *** the 557.7 nm green line is usually the brightest emission line in visible auroras,the green channel of.a TRex-RGB camera is usually dominated by the 557.7 nm *** this rationale,the TRex mission does not include a specif.c 557.7 nm imager and is designed to use the RGB green-channel data as a proxy f.r the 557.7 nm *** this study,we present an initial ef.ort to establish the conversion ratio or f.rmula linking the RGB green-channel data to the absolute intensity of.557.7 nm auroras,which is crucial f.r quantitative uses of.the RGB *** illustrate two approaches:(1)through a comparison with the collocated measurement of.green-line auroras f.om the TRex spectrograph,and(2)through a comparison with the modeled green-line intensity according to realistic electron precipitation f.ux measurements f.om low-earth-orbit satellites,with the aid of.an auroral transport *** demonstrate the procedures and provide initial results f.r the TRex-RGB ASIs at the Rabbit Lake and Lucky Lake *** RGB response is f.und to be *** conversion ratios or f.rmulas between RGB green-channel data and the green-line auroral intensity are given and can be applied immediately by TRex-RGB data *** methodology established in this study will also be applicable to the upcoming SMILe ASI mission,which will adopt a similar RGB camera system in its deployment.

关键词： TRex RGB green-line aurora auroral transport model

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emission colour tuning in kLnf.(4):Yb^(3+),er^(3+)/Ho^(3+)phosphor

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Journal of.Rare earths 2024年第1期42卷 57-65,I0002页

作者： Janani k Gayathri e Vijayatha V Ramasubramanian S Thiyagarajan P Department of.Science and Humanities Nehru Institute of TechnologyKaliapuramThirumalayampalayamCoimbatoreIndia Department of.Sciences Amrita School of Physical SciencesAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamCoimbatoreIndia Department of.Physics Anna UniversityChennaiIndia

kLnf.(4):Yb^(3+),er^(3+)/Ho^(3+)(Ln=Y,Yb,Gd)phosphors were prepared by solid-state reaction *** each of.the Yb^(3+)/er^(3+)and Yb^(3+)/Ho^(3+)co-doped phosphors independently,phase conf.rmation and morphological examination were accomplished using the X-ray dif.raction technique and scanning electron microscope analysis.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis shows the charge state and existence of.lanthanides and *** luminescence emissions of.green and red colour were detected f.r the synthesized *** changes in the upconverted emission intensities and colour output pertaining to the change of.the lanthanide host matrix along with dopants were investigated f.r the prepared *** the upconversion luminescence,erbium-doped samples exhibit a predominance of.red emission while holmium-doped samples display a prevalence of.green *** rare-earth er/Ho doped kYbf.shows strong red emission compared to other ***_(4):Yb,er/Ho exhibits relatively signif.cant green upconve rsion emissions,while Yb,er-doped kGdf.(4)host displays a 10-f.ld increase in green/red emission ratio with an increase in the input power of.20-780 *** photoluminescence studies and decay curve analysis were carried out using UV light excitation f.r the developed phosphors.A higher lif.time of.2.2 ms was measured f.r the downshif.ing red emission in the Ho doped kYbf.(4)*** study suggests a potential f.r colour tunability in the upconversion and downshif.ing emissions through host modif.cations to the f.uoride phosphor.

关键词： Rare earths energy transf.r upconversion Downshif.ing Colour coordinates

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New evidence f.r the epigenetic regulation of.skeletal stem cells

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2004-2006页

作者： Liming Zhao Jun Xiao Charles k.f.Chan Institute f.r Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Stanford University School of MedicineStanford CA 94305USA Department of.Surgery Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanford CA 94305USA Department of.Orthopaedic Surgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Skeletal stem cells(SSCs)are crucial f.r skeletal development and regeneration,yet the epigenetic regulation of.these cells remains poorly *** studies have delineated the epigenetic landscape across the developmental trajectory of.SSCs,highlighting the involvement of.Ptip in regulating SSC *** skeletal system undergoes dynamic remodeling throughout *** stem cells(SSCs),residing within the skeleton and lineage-restricted,serve as a cellular reserve to f.ster development and maintain skeletal *** categorized within the broader mesenchymal stromal/stem cells(MSCs).

关键词： skeletal involvement maintain

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enhanced quantum resources via two distant atom-cavity systems under the inf.uence of.atomic dissipation

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 62-73页

作者： M Setodeh kheirabady M k Tavassoly M Raf.ie e Ghasemian Laser and Optics Group Faculty of PhysicsYazd UniversityYazd 89195-741Iran Department of.electrical engineering Faculty of Intelligent Systems Engineering and Data SciencePersian Gulf UniversityBushehrIran

Quantum resources such as entanglement and coherence are the holy grail f.r modern quantum technologies. Although the unwanted environmental ef.ects tackle quantum inf.rmation processing tasks, suprisingly these key quantum resources may be protected and even enhanced by the implementation of.some special hybrid open quantum systems. Here, we aim to show how a dissipative atom-cavity-system can be accomplished to generate enhanced quantum *** do so, we consider a couple of.dissipative cavities, where each one contains two ef.ective two-level atoms interacting with a single-mode cavity f.eld. In practical applications, a classical laser f.eld may be applied to drive each atomic subsystem. Af.er driving the system, a Bell-state measurement is perf.rmed on the output of.the system to quantif. the entanglement and coherence. The obtained results reveal that the remote entanglement and coherence between the atoms existing inside the two distant cavities are not only enhanced, but can be stabilized, even under the action of.dissipation. In contrast, the local entanglement between two atoms inside each dissipative cavity attenuates due to the presence of.unwanted environmental ***, the local coherence may show the same behavior as the remote ***, the system provides the steady state entanglement in various interaction regimes,particularly in the strong atom-cavity coupling and with relatively large detuning. More interestingly, our numerical analyses demonstrate that the system may show a memory ef.ect due to the f.ct that the death and revival of.the entanglement take place during the interaction. Our proposed model may f.nd potential applications f.r the implementation of.long distance quantum networks. In particular, it f.cilitates the distribution of.quantum resources between the nodes of.large-scale quantum networks f.r secure communication.

关键词： remote entanglement and coherence atomic dissipation steady state entanglement Bell-statemeasurement

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