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Sn-Ag-Cu BGA元件使用共晶Pb-Sn焊膏的焊点可靠性（一）

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现代表面贴装资讯 2006年第3期5卷 44-51页

作者：康雪晶（编译） Fay Hua Raiyo Aspandiar cameron Anderson Greg Clemons Chee-key Chung Mustapha Faizul

在电子产业无铅化的转折期。元件供应商也许要为区分无铅与含铅的不同元件而准备双重的生产线。这会给制造部门的后勤供应带来问题。当生产中实现全部的无铅化后，这一问题才可能解决。因此，研究Sn—Ag—CuBGA元件使用共晶Pb—Sn焊膏... 详细信息

在电子产业无铅化的转折期。元件供应商也许要为区分无铅与含铅的不同元件而准备双重的生产线。这会给制造部门的后勤供应带来问题。当生产中实现全部的无铅化后，这一问题才可能解决。因此，研究Sn—Ag—CuBGA元件使用共晶Pb—Sn焊膏的焊点可靠性问题，在当前非常必要。本文提出了关于VFBGA（极细间距BGA）及SCSP（芯片级尺寸封装）无铅封装元件在印刷电路板（PCB）组装中使用共晶Pb—Sn焊膏的焊点可靠性评估。在标准的Pb—Sn组装环境下，使用了各种不同的回流曲线。峰值温度从208℃至222℃。回流曲线类型为浸润型曲线（Soak Profile）及帐篷型曲线（Direct Ramp Up Profile）。组装后的PCB板被选择进行了板级温度循环测试（-40℃至125℃，每30分钟循环一次）及跌落测试。失效细节分析同样会在本文提及。

关键词：焊点可靠性 BGAs 无铅 Pb—Sn与Sn—Ag—Cu焊点兼容性

世界菝葜科(百合目)的分子系统发育及其生物地理学研究

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世界菝葜科(百合目)的分子系统发育及其生物地理学研究

SAC BGA元件使用共晶锡铅焊膏的焊点可靠性评定（二）

生态文明建设中的植物学：现在与未来——中国植物学会第十五届会员代表大会暨八十周年学术年会

作者：祁哲晨李攀赵云鹏 Kenneth M.cameron 傅承新浙江大学生命科学学院植物系统进化和生物多样性研究室芬美意香料(中国)研发部 Department of Botany Wisconsin State HerbariumThe University of WisconsinMadisonWI53706USA

菝葜科(Smilacaceae)植物是一类世界性广布的单子叶植物,其科内种间的系统发育一直是百合目内遗留的一个问题。由于菝葜科分布的广域性,尚无人能够对全世界菝葜科的进化历史和生物地理历史进行全面深入的研究和阐述。本研究对菝葜科物... 详细信息

菝葜科(Smilacaceae)植物是一类世界性广布的单子叶植物,其科内种间的系统发育一直是百合目内遗留的一个问题。由于菝葜科分布的广域性,尚无人能够对全世界菝葜科的进化历史和生物地理历史进行全面深入的研究和阐述。本研究对菝葜科物种进行的世界范围取样,对其分子系统学和生物地理学进行了研究。通过扩增核糖体DNA ITS,叶绿体matK、rbcL、ndhA、ndhF基因和rpl16内含子区域,以及单拷贝核基因At103和agt1区域,共8个分子片段,对菝葜科进行了系统发育分析,获得以下主要结果:1)分子系统发育分析首次构建了一棵分辨率非常高的菝葜科系统树,揭示出菝葜科明显的旧大陆-新大陆2大谱系,谱系之间存在较强的地理分布模式;2)确立世界菝葜科可划分为5个主要分支:新大陆分支、穗菝葜分支、中国西南喜马拉雅分支、旧大陆草本及无刺分支、旧大陆木本分支;3)提出经典分类划分的菝葜属下八个组,除草本组(Sect. Nemexia)外均不成立;4)确立了肖菝葜属是镶嵌在菝葜属内的,其属的地位不成立,提出降为菝葜属下的一个组:肖菝葜组(Sect. Heterosmilax),即菝葜科只包括约含210个物种的菝葜属(Smilax)。基于菝葜科的系统发育框架,以及全面的化石记录,对菝葜科的分歧时间、祖先分布重建、多样性分化速率进行了深入的分析。揭示菝葜科约在(ca97Ma)晚白垩纪起源于北美洲;认为由于气候剧烈变化,导致了菝葜科物种在始新世与渐新世交替期经历了一次灭绝事件,并形成了新大陆和旧大陆两个独立的分支;提出旧大陆分支在渐新世(38Ma-26.7Ma)的多样性分化和快速辐射与印度板块冲击欧亚大陆而形成的造山运动有非常大的关系;通过模拟完全取样的分化速率研究,发现菝葜科经历了两次快速分化时期,分别发生在下中新世(20Ma-13Ma)和上新世(5Ma-2Ma);研究揭示菝葜科的两个谱系(新大陆和旧大陆)在进化过程中表现出分化速率的异质性,旧大陆分支显著快于新大陆分支。其形成的原因与印度板块与欧亚大陆撞击后,西马拉雅-横断山系形成和隆升导致东亚较北美更加复杂的地质结构和更为丰富的区域性气候有密切的关系。本研究结合分子树、形态和地理分布模式提出了世界菝葜科分类修订:菝葜科(Smilacaceae)仅菝葜属,含5个亚属和21个组,共210种。

关键词：祖先分布重建生物地理学间断分布分歧时间分化速率肖菝葜系统发育菝葜科菝葜属

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现代表面贴装资讯 2006年第4期5卷 46-52页

作者： Fay Hua Raiyo Aspandiar cameron Anderson Greg Clemons Chee-key Chung Mustapha Faizul 康雪晶（编译）

本文是英特尔公司关于研究Sn—Ag—Cu BGA类型元件使用共晶Pb—Sn焊膏（无铅的向下兼容问题）的一系列研究报告中的第二篇。在此系列研究中所使用的封装类型包括：a）0．5mm间距的vfBGA（极细间距BGA），b）0．8mm间距的SCSP（芯片级尺... 详细信息

本文是英特尔公司关于研究Sn—Ag—Cu BGA类型元件使用共晶Pb—Sn焊膏（无铅的向下兼容问题）的一系列研究报告中的第二篇。在此系列研究中所使用的封装类型包括：a）0．5mm间距的vfBGA（极细间距BGA），b）0．8mm间距的SCSP（芯片级尺寸封装），C）1．0mm及1．27mm间距的wbPBGA（引线键合塑封BGA）。本文集中讨论wbPBGA元件与另外两种类型元件在使用共晶Pb-Sn焊膏的向下兼容问题上的对比效果。元件的组装在标准的Pb—Sn组装条件下使用不同的回流温度曲线。峰值温度的设定从208℃到222℃。回流曲线类型有浸润型曲线（Soak profile）以及帐篷型曲线（Direct ramp up profile）。回流后的结果既有因为Sn—Ag—Cu BGA焊球完全熔化和塌落形成的一致的焊点微观结构，也有由于BGA焊球的部分熔化和塌落形成的非一致的焊点微观结构。焊点可靠性（SJR）的评估是根据温度循环（-40℃至125℃，每30分钟循环一次）以及机械震动测试所产生的失效来分析。焊点可靠性的测试及失效细节分析将在本文中被一一提及。

关键词：焊点可靠性 BGAs Pb—Free Pb—Sn Sn—Ag—Cu 焊点兼容性

Recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma following deceased donor liver transplantation:case series

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Hepatoma Research 2020年第3期6卷 31-40页

作者： Cem Simsek Amy Kim Michelle Ma Nilay Danis Merve Gurakar Andrew M.cameron Benjamin Philosophe Jacqueline Garonzik-Wang Shane Ottmann Ahmet Gurakar Behnam Saberi Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology-Transplant HepatologyBaltimoreMD 21205USA Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health BaltimoreMD 21205USA Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Division of Transplant SurgeryBaltimoreMD 21205USA

Aim:We aimed to study the clinical and pathological characteristics of liver transplant recipients with hepatocellular carcinoma ***:We reviewed the data for 26 patients who had tumor recurrence after deceased donor liver transplant for hepatocellular carcinoma at the Johns Hopkins Hospital from January 2005 to December ***:In total,88%of recipients were *** mean age was 59 *** explant,poor differentiation was detected in 43%,while 73%had microvascular ***,62%were diagnosed to be outside of Milan *** of these,15%met the criteria for ***(77%)patients had pre-transplant alpha fetoprotein levels≥20 ng/*** 54%of patients,the location of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)recurrence was extrahepatic,followed by intrahepatic in 31%and both intra-and extrahepatic in 15%.The post-transplant tumor recurrence was diagnosed at a mean of 427 days(range 34-1502).Fifty percent of HCC recurrences were diagnosed within one year following liver ***(77%)patients received treatment for their recurrent HCC:external radiation(n=10),surgical resections(n=8;brain 4,spine 2,bone 1,and Whipple surgery 1),sorafenib(n=7),locoregional therapy(n=5).Overall,24 out of 26(92%)recipients died within four years after the ***:HCC recurrence after liver transplant is *** than fifty percent of HCC recurrences following liver transplant are *** better recipient selection for liver transplant,the curative options are limited in recurrent cases and associated with extremely poor outcomes.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma liver transplant liver resection locoregional therapy

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老年人与交通事故的调查分析(英文)

中华急诊医学杂志 2006年第1期15卷 6-12页

作者： HENG Kenneth PAN Shuming LAYDE M Peter ZHU Shankuan Injury Research Center Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee WIUSA Emergency Department of Xinhua Hospital Shanghai Jiao TongUniversity School of Medicine

目的中国目前正在经历老年人口与交通车辆的同时快速增长。随着人口的老龄化加剧以及社会的发展,老年驾驶者人数将预期明显增加。国际上对老年人交通安全的经验可能对中国即将增加的老年驾驶者有借鉴作用。方法检索并分析了中国以及一... 详细信息

目的中国目前正在经历老年人口与交通车辆的同时快速增长。随着人口的老龄化加剧以及社会的发展,老年驾驶者人数将预期明显增加。国际上对老年人交通安全的经验可能对中国即将增加的老年驾驶者有借鉴作用。方法检索并分析了中国以及一些发达国家,如美国等有关老年驾驶者以及交通事故安全的论文及论著。结果尽管老年人较少开车且普遍地使用安全带,但他们交通事故发生数以及死亡率较其他年龄组高。老年人视觉以及感知功能的损害也增加了发生交通事故的危险性,同时也产生了其独特的事故形式。与年轻人相比,在相同的受伤程度下,老年人体格上的衰退和疾病因素可能对会产生更坏的结果。虽然老年驾驶者在中国还是少数,与其他年龄组相比,老年人有较高的交通事故伤害率、步行者死亡率和较高的农村老年人受害率。结论国际上对老年人交通安全的经验,比如更好的道路安全设计,高可视安全标识和安全带法律的实施,安全带使用的公共教育,以及老年驾驶证的更新等对中国的交通安全设计者以及法律的制定者可能会有帮助。这些经验对损伤预防研究者在老年人交通事故危险因素的识别方面,以及对工程师在驾驶环境和车辆设计等方面也有着重要的意义。

关键词：交通事故伤害老年人口交通安全安全设计农村老年人安全带发达国家感知功能疾病因素公共教育

Thermal Annealing of Gold Thin Films on the Structure and Surface Morphology Using RF Magnetron Sputtering

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材料科学与工程（中英文B版） 2018年第2期8卷 66-76页

作者： Moniruzzaman Syed Caleb Glaser cameron Hynes Muhtadyuzzaman Syed Division of Natural and Mathematical Sciences Lemoyne-Owen CollegeMemphisTN 38126USA Sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueNM 87185USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Gold(Au)thin films were deposited on SiO2 substrate under argon(Ar)gas environment using RF(radio frequency)magnetron sputtering at room temperature for various deposition *** samples have been annealed at the temperature range of 250-450°*** change of the structural and surface morphological properties of both as-deposited and annealed films has been studied using an AFM(atomic force microscope),XRD(X-ray diffraction)and Raman *** improvement of crystallinity was observed at the annealing temperature of 350°C and degradation was found *** agreement with XRD and Raman measurements,both crystallite size and crystalline volume fraction were found to be increased having maximum at 350°C and decreased *** result can be explained by simple kinetic theory where sticking probabilities,Au structures agglomerated on SiO2 surfaces and surface coverage of Au atoms must be ***,it can also be explained by the occurrence of two competing phenomena like roughening induced grain growth and smoothing induced inhibition of grain growth with increasing annealing *** mechanisms are also discussed.

关键词： Gold annealing and magnetron sputtering

Retinoic acid signaling acts as a rheostat to balance Treg function

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第7期19卷 820-833页

作者： Govindarajan Thangavelu Gabriela Andrejeva Sara Bolivar-Wagers Sujeong Jin Michael C.Zaiken Michael Loschi Ethan G.Aguilar Scott N.Furlan Chrysothemis C.Brown Yu-Chi Lee cameron McDonald Hyman Colby J.Feser Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari Keli L.Hippen Kelli P.MacDonald William J.Murphy Ivan Maillard Geoffrey R.Hill David H.Munn Robert Zeiser Leslie S.Kean Jeffrey C.Rathmell Hongbo Chi Randolph J.Noelle Bruce R.Blazar Department of Pediatrics Center for ImmunologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA Center for Immunobiology Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashville TNUSA Department of Pediatrics University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center SeattleWAUSA Howard Hughes Medical Institute Immunology Program and Ludwig CenterSloan Kettering InstituteMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA Department of Microbiology and Immunology.Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Norris Cotton Cancer CenterLebanonUSA Department of Immunology Queensland Institute of Medical Research(QIMR)Berghofer Medical Research Institute and School of MedicineUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Departmentof Dermatology School of MedicineUniversity of California DavisSacramentoCAUSA Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPAUSA Georgia Cancer Center Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA Department of Haematology Oncology and Stem Cell TransplantationFaculty of MedicineFreiburg University Medical CentreFreiburgGermany Boston Children's Hospital and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute BostonMAUSA Department of Immunology St.Jude Children's ResearchHospitalMemphisTNUSA

Regulatory T cells(Tregs)promote immune homeostasis by maintaining self-tolerance and regulating inflammatory *** certain inflammatory conditions,Tregs can lose their lineage stability and *** studies have reported that ex vivo exposure to retinoic acid(RA)enhances Treg function and ***,it is unknown how RA receptor signaling in Tregs influences these processes in ***,we employed mouse models in which RA signaling is silenced by the expression of the dominant negative receptor(DN)RARαin all T *** the fact that DNRARαconventional T cells are hypofunctional,Tregs had increased CD25 expression,STAT5 pathway activation,mTORC1 signaling and supersuppressor ***,DNRARαTregs had increased inhibitory molecule expression,amino acid transporter expression,and metabolic fitness and decreased antiapoptotic *** function was observed when wild-type mice were treated with a pharmacologic pan-RAR ***,Treg-specific expression of DNRARαresulted in distinct phenotypes,such that a single allele of DNRARαin Tregs heightened their suppressive function,and biallelic expression led to loss of suppression and *** loss of Treg function was not cell intrinsic,as Tregs that developed in a noninflammatory milieu in chimeric mice reconstituted with DNRARαand wild-type bone marrow maintained the enhanced suppressive *** mapping suggested that maintaining Treg stability in an inflammatory milieu requires RA *** findings indicate that RA signaling acts as a rheostat to balance Treg function in inflammatory and noninflammatory conditions in a dose-dependent manner.

关键词： Retinoic acid Tregulatory cells Autoimmunity Metabolism mTORC1 STAT5

世界菝葜科的分子系统学和生物地理分布格局研究(英文)

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世界菝葜科的分子系统学和生物地理分布格局研究(英文)

Prunus genetics and applications after de novo genome sequencing:achievements and prospects

后植物志时代的系统与进化植物学——2011年全国系统与进化植物学暨第十届青年学术研讨会

作者：祁哲晨李攀赵云鹏陈士超陈光村 Kenneth M.cameron 浙江大学植物系统进化与生物多样性研究室教育部濒危动植物保护生物学重点实验室

Greenbrier(Smilacaceae) currently belonging to the order Liliales,ordinarily including genus Smilax and Heterosmilax,is a group of worldwide distributed climbing monocot,about 200 species,with alternate leaves characterized by reticulate venation,a pair of petiolar tendrils and usually prickly *** a long study history since Linnaeus named it in 1753,the phylogeny of this dioecious family has never been well ***,we collected molecular evidence from nDNA(At103),rDNA (ITS) and chloroplast loci(matK,ndhA,ndhF,rpl16 intron)of 135 taxa,total alignment length about 8000 bp,covered all sections and major distribution zone of the family,Ripogonaceae,Philesiaceaewere chosen as outgroups,and reconstructed a sound phylogenetic tree,provided the possible evolutionary history of this *** molecular analysis indicates the phylogenetic relationshipsshowed conspicuous geographical pattern within the family-Smilax aspera with Paleotropical distribution(Macaronesia, Mediterranean,East tropica]Africa,Asia Minor,and India-Himalaya) is sister to all other taxa of the family. The rest of the family largely divided into two major clades:Old World and New *** these two clades,continental migration and long distance dispersal events were *** traits according to the phylogeny and more detailed geographical patterns within the clades were *** MCMC DIVA analysis was conducted to reconstruct the ancestral distribution of *** of distribution was according the terrestrial ecoregions of the world(Olson et al,2001).The result showed a clear western Gondwana origin of the upper Liliales clade(Liliaceae,Rhipogonaceae,Philesiaceae,Smilacaceae), Smilacaceae was originated in South *** New World Smilax ancestors migrated to Old World probably in Late Eocene,which is supported by divergence time *** applied a relaxed molecular clock method to infer the divergence times of all extant lineages ofSmilacaceae,calibra

关键词： biogeography molecular dating phylogeny Smilcacaceae

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 1222-1246页

作者： Maria JoséAranzana Véronique Decroocq Elisabeth Dirlewanger Iban Eduardo Zhong Shan Gao Ksenija Gasic Amy Iezzoni Sook Jung cameron Peace Humberto Prieto Ryutaro Tao Ignazio Verde Albert G.abbott Pere Arús IRTA Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UBCampus UABEdifici CRAGCerdanyola del Vallès(Bellaterra)08193 BarcelonaSpain UMR 1332 BFP INRAUniversity of BordeauxA3C and Virology Teams33882 Villenave-d’Ornon CedexFrance Allergy Research Center Zhejiang University310058 HangzhouChina Clemson University ClemsonSC 29634USA Department of Horticulture Michigan State University1066 Bogue StreetEast LansingMI 48824-1325USA Department of Horticulture Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164-6414USA Biotechnology Laboratory La Platina Research StationInstituto de Investigaciones AgropecuariasSanta Rosa11610 La PintanaSantiagoChile Laboratory of Pomology Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8502Japan Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria(CREA)-Centro di ricerca Olivicoltura Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura(CREA-OFA)RomeItaly University of Kentucky 106 T.P.Cooper HallLexingtonKY 40546-0073USA

Prior to the availability of whole-genome sequences,our understanding of the structural and functional aspects of Prunus tree genomes was limited mostly to molecular genetic mapping of important traits and development of EST *** public release of the peach genome and others that followed,significant advances in our knowledge of Prunus genomes and the genetic underpinnings of important traits *** this review,we highlight key achievements in Prunus genetics and breeding driven by the availability of these whole-genome *** the structural and evolutionary contexts,we summarize:(1)the current status of Prunus whole-genome sequences;(2)preliminary and ongoing work on the sequence structure and diversity of the genomes;(3)the analyses of Prunus genome evolution driven by natural and man-made selection;and(4)provide insight into haploblocking genomes as a means to define genome-scale patterns of evolution that can be leveraged for trait selection in pedigree-based Prunus tree breeding programs ***,we summarize recent and ongoing work that leverages whole-genome sequences to identify and characterize genes controlling 22 agronomically important Prunus *** include phenology,fruit quality,allergens,disease resistance,tree architecture,and ***,we explore the application of sequence-based marker-assisted breeding technologies and other sequence-guided biotechnological approaches for Prunus crop ***,we present the current status of publically available Prunus genomics and genetics data housed mainly in the Genome Database for Rosaceae(GDR)and its updated functionalities for future bioinformatics-based Prunus genetics and genomics inquiry.

关键词： Prunus breeding achievements