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Quantification of Mayor Volatile Compounds from Artisanal Agave Distilled: Bacanora

American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2013年第11期4卷 683-688页

作者： Maritza Lizeth álvarez-Ainza Humberto González-Ríos Alberto González-León ángel Javier Ojeda-Contreras Ana Isabel Valenzuela-Quintanar evelia acedo-félix Coordinación de Ciencia de los Alimentos de Origen Animal A. C. Hermosillo México Coordinación de Ciencia de los Alimentos de Origen Vegetal Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C. Hermosillo México Coordinación de Ciencia de los Alimentos A. C. Hermosillo México

Bacanora is an artisanal beverage distilled from agave, which is manufactured on a small scale in the Sonora state, México. The aim of this study was to identify the major volatile compounds in 77 artisanal Bacanora beverages by gas chromatography, to determine the samples that comply with the Mexican Standards for Bacanora. The samples were collected in 28 municipalities in the area of origin denomination. It was found that only 55.8% of the samples (43) meet the parameters established in the Official Mexican Standards, whereas 44.2% of the samples (34) do not comply: 3 samples for alcohol content, 8 for acetaldehyde, 1 for esters, 11 for methanol and 17 for higher alcohols. Some of the samples do not comply because of more than one analyzed parameter. The Bacanora samples showed great variability among the sampled regions as well as within the same municipalities (p ≤ 0.05).

关键词： Alcoholic Beverages Bacanora Volatile Compounds Official Mexican Standards

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Effect of Copper and Iron on Acidogenic Biomass in an Anaerobic Packed Bed Reactor

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第6期5卷 564-571页

作者： Gonzalo M. figueroa-Torres Maria T. Certucha-Barragán francisco J. Almendariz-Tapia Onofre Monge-Amaya evelia acedo-félix Martín I. Pech-Canul Ana L. Leal-Cruz Carlos I. VillaVelázquez-Mendoza Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo CIAD Hermosillo México Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados CINVESTAV Saltillo México Departamento de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales Universidad de Sonora Hermosillo México Department of Chemical Engineering and Metallurgy Universidad de Sonora Hermosillo Mexico facultad de Ingeniería Civil Universidad de Colima Colima México

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of copper and iron on acidogenic biomass immobilized on clinoptilolite in an anaerobic packed bed reactor. Copper and iron were fed to the reactor at concentrations of 100 and 300 mg·L-1, respectively. Both metal ions had insignificant inhibitory effect over the metabolism of the biomass, specifically, on substrate consumption and production of volatile fatty acids (VfAs). The microstructural characterization of the biofilm by Scanning Electron Microscopy showed no effect on the morphology of the microorganisms after the metals treatment. Copper and iron removal was also measured in the reactor, achieving a breakthrough time of 3 days, during which removal efficiencies were higher than 90%. It was also observed that the biomass had a greater affinity for copper. The results indicate that acidogenic biomass can be used effectively as a sorbent agent. The pollution of river-streams with heavy metals—mainly copper and iron—was one of the most compelling motivations for conducting this investigation. The San Pedro River Basin, a trans-boundary river that originates near the mining town of Cananea, Sonora, México, and flows to Arizona, USA, exemplifies this environmental issue.

关键词： Acidogenesis Anaerobic Digestion Biomass Copper Iron Clinoptilolite

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