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From contracti.n to gene expressi.n:nanojuncti.ns of the sarco/endoplasmi. reti.ulum deli.er si.e-and functi.n-speci.i. calci.m si.nals

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Sci.nce Chi.a(Li.e Sci.nces) 2016年第8期59卷 749-763页

作者： A.mark evans Ni.ola Fameli.Oluseye A.Ogunbayo Ji.gxi.n Duan Jorge Navarro-Dorado Centre for i.tegrati.e Physi.logy College of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineHugh Robson BuildingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH8 9XDUK i.sti.ute of Bi.physi.s Medical University of GrazGraz 8010Austria

Calci.m si.nals determi.e, for example, smooth muscle contracti.n and changes i. gene expressi.n. How calci.m si.nals select for these processes i. eni.mati.. We bui.d on the "panjuncti.nal sarcoplasmi. reti.ulum" hypothesi., descri.i.g our vi.w that di.ferent calci.m pumps and release channels, wi.h di.ferent ki.eti.s and affi.i.i.s for calci.m, are strategi.ally posi.i.ned wi.hi. nanojuncti.ns of the SR and help demarcate thei. respecti.e cytoplasmi. nanodomai.s. SERCA2 b and Ry R1 are preferenti.lly targeted to the sarcoplasmi. reti.ulum(SR) proxi.al to the plasma membrane(PM), i.e., to the superfi.i.l buffer barri.r formed by PM-SR nanojuncti.ns, and support vasodi.ati.n. i. marked contrast, SERCA2 a may be enti.ely restri.ted to the deep, peri.uclear SR and may supply calci.m to thi. sub-compartment i. support of vasoconstri.ti.n. Ry R3 i. also preferenti.lly targeted to the peri.uclear SR, where i.s clusters associ.te wi.h lysosome-SR nanojuncti.ns. The di.tri.uti.n of Ry R2 i. more wi.espread and extends from thi. regi.n to the wi.er cell. Therefore, peri.uclear Ry R3 s most li.ely support the i.i.i.ti.n of global calci.m waves at L-SR juncti.ns, whi.h subsequently propagate by calci.m-i.duced calci.m release vi. Ry R2 i. order to eli.i. contracti.n. Data also suggest that uni.ue SERCA and Ry R are preferenti.lly targeted to i.vagi.ati.ns of the nuclear membrane. Si.e- and functi.n-speci.i. calci.m si.nals may thus ari.e to modulate sti.ulus-response coupli.g and transcri.ti.nal cascades.

关键词： calci.m nanojuncti.n ryanodi.e receptor sarco/endoplasmi. reti.ulum calci.m ATPase smooth muscle gene expressi.n contracti.n

Searchi.g for a route to synthesi.e i. si.u epi.axi.l Pr_(2)i._(2)O_(7) thi. fi.ms wi.h thermodynami. methods

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npj Computati.nal Materi.ls 2021年第1期7卷 1320-1325页

作者： Lu Guo Shun-Li.Shang Nei. Campbell Paul G.evans mark Rzchowski.Zi.Kui.Li. Chang-Beom Eom Department of Materi.ls Sci.nce and Engi.eeri.g University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA Department of Materi.ls Sci.nce and Engi.eeri.g The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Physi.s University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA

i. si.u growth of pyrochlore i.i.ate thi. fi.ms has been a long-standi.g challenge due to the low reacti.i.y of i. at low temperatures and the vapori.ati.n of volati.e gas speci.s such as i.O_(3)(g)and i.O_(2)(g)at hi.h temperatures and hi.h PO_(2).To address thi. challenge,we combi.e thermodynami. analysi. of the Pr-i.-O_(2)system wi.h experi.ental results from the conventi.nal physi.al vapor deposi.i.n(PVD)techni.ue of *** results i.di.ate that only hi.h growth temperatures yi.ld fi.ms wi.h crystalli.i.y suffi.i.nt for uti.i.i.g and tai.ori.g the desi.ed topologi.al electroni. properti.s and the i. si.u synthesi. of Pr_(2)i._(2)O_(7)thi. fi.ms i. fettered by the i.abi.i.y to grow wi.h PO_(2)on the order of 10 Torr at hi.h temperatures,a li.i.ati.n i.herent to the PVD ***,we suggest techni.ues capable of supplyi.g hi.h parti.l pressure of key speci.s duri.g deposi.i.n,i. parti.ular chemi.al vapor deposi.i.n(CVD),as a route to synthesi. of Pr_(2)i._(2)O_(7).

关键词： process thermodynami. synthesi.

Modeli.g the Spati.l Di.tri.uti.n of Soi. Heavy Metals Usi.g Random Forest Model—A Case Study of Nai.obi.and Thi.i.ka Ri.ers’ Confluence

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Journal of Geographi. i.formati.n System 2020年第6期12卷 597-619页

作者： evans Omondi.mark Boi.t Department of Geomati. Engi.eeri.g and Geospati.l i.formati.n Systems Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

Modeli.g the spati.l di.tri.uti.n of soi. heavy metals i. i.portant i. determi.i.g the safety of contami.ated soi.s for agri.ultural use. Thi. study uti.i.ed 60 topsoi. samples (0 - 30 cm), multi.pectral i.ages (Senti.el-2), spectral i.di.es, and anci.lary data to model the spati.l di.tri.uti.n of heavy metals i. the soi.s along the Nai.obi.Ri.er. The model was generated usi.g the Random Forest package i. R. Usi.g R2 to assess the predi.ti.n accuracy, the Random Forest model generated sati.factory results for all the elements. i. also ranked the vari.bles i. order of thei. i.portance i. the overall predi.ti.n. Spectral i.di.es were the most i.portant vari.bles wi.hi. the ranki.gs. From the predi.ted topsoi. maps, there were hi.h concentrati.ns of Cadmi.m on the easterly end of the ri.er. Cadmi.m i. an i.puri.y i. detergents, and thi. secti.n i. i. close proxi.i.y to the Nai.obi.water sewerage plant, whi.h could be a di.ect source of Cadmi.m. Some farms had Zi.c levels whi.h were above the World Health Organi.ati.n recommended li.i.. The Random Forest model performed sati.factori.y. However, the predi.ti.ns can be i.proved further i. the spati.l resoluti.ns of the vari.us vari.bles are i.creased and through the addi.i.n of more predi.tor vari.bles.

关键词： Random Forest Senti.el 2 Heavy Metals Spectral i.di.es Spati.l Modeli.g

Evolvi.g Frameworks for the Foundati.n and Practi.e of Electroni. Fetal Moni.ori.g

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Maternal-Fetal Medi.i.e 2022年第2期4卷 141-151页

作者： mark i.evans Davi. W.Bri.t Shara M.evans Lawrence D.Devoe Fetal Medi.i.e Foundati.n of Ameri.a New YorkNY 10065USA Comprehensi.e Geneti.s PLLCNew YorkNY 10065USA Department of Obstetri.s&Gynecology Icahn School of Medicine at Mt.SinaiNew YorkNY10029USA Department of Maternal Chi.d Health Gillings School of Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNY 27599USA Department of Obstetri.s and Gynecology Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGA 30907USA.

Si.ce the 1970s,electroni. fetal moni.ori.g(EFM)also known as cardi.tocography(CTG)has been used extensi.ely i. labor around the world,despi.e i.s known fai.ure to help prevent many babi.s from developi.g neonatal encephalopathy and cerebral *** of EFM’s poor performance wi.h respect to these outcomes ari.es from a fundamental mi.understandi.g of the di.ferences between screeni.g and di.gnosti. tests,subjecti.e classi.i.ati.ns of fetal heart rate(FHR)patterns that lead to large i.ter-observer vari.bi.i.y i. i.s i.terpretati.n,fai.ure to appreci.te early stages of fetal compromi.e,and poor stati.ti.al modeli.g for i.s use as a screeni.g *** have developed a new approach to the practi.e and i.terpretati.n of EFM called the fetal reserve i.dex(FRi.whi.h does the followi.g:(1)breaki.g FHR components down i.to 4 components,(heart rate,vari.bi.i.y,accelerati.ns,and decelerati.ns);(2)contextuali.i.g the metri.s by addi.g i.creased uteri.e acti.i.y;(3)addi.g speci.i. maternal,fetal,and obstetri. ri.k *** result i. an ei.ht-poi.t scori.g metri. that,when di.ectly compared wi.h current Ameri.an College of Obstetri.i.ns and Gynecologi.ts EFM categori.s,even i. versi.n 1.0 wi.h equal wei.hti.g of vari.bles,shows that the FRi.has performed much better for i.enti.yi.g cases at ri.k before damage had occurred,reduci.g the need for emergency deli.eri.s,and loweri.g overall Cesarean deli.ery *** i.creased data,we expect further refi.ements i. the speci.i.s of scori.g that wi.l allow even earli.r detecti.n of compromi.e i. labor.

关键词： Fetal moni.ori.g Cardi.tocography Fetal reserve i.dex

From contracti.n to gene expressi.n: nanojuncti.ns of the sarcoplasmi. reti.ulum deli.er functi.n-speci.i. calci.m si.nals

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From contraction to gene expression: nanojunctions of the sa...

Avulsi.n Dynami.s i. a Ri.er wi.h Alternati.g Bedrock and Alluvi.l Reaches, Huron Ri.er, Northern Ohi. (USA)

第十一届全国钙信号和细胞功能研讨会

作者： A.mark evans Centre for i.tegrati.e Physi.logy College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine Hugh Robson Building University of Edinburgh

Calci.m si.nals determi.e smooth muscle contracti.n and the swi.ch from acontracti.e to a mi.ratory-proli.erati.e phenotype（s）, whi.h requi.es changes i. geneexpressi.n. However the mechani.m by whi.h di.ferent calci.m si.nals select for these processes i. eni.mati.. We have shown that SERCA2 b and Ry R1 arepreferenti.lly targeted to the sarcoplasmi. reti.ulum（SR） proxi.al to the plasmamembrane（PM;Clark et al., 2010）, i.e., to the superfi.i.l buffer barri.r formed by PM-SR nanojuncti.ns（van Breemen et al., 2013）, and support vasodi.ati.n. Here, i.creases i. SERCA2 b acti.i.y may remove calci.m from the deeper cytoplasm to the superfi.i.l SR, from whi.h calci.m sparks may be released i.to the PM-SR juncti.n vi. Ry R1 to acti.ate PM resi.ent BKCa channels, dri.i.g hyperpolari.ati.n（Boi.ti. et al., 2003）, removal of calci.m from the cell by forward mode NCX acti.i.y and ulti.ately vasodi.ati.n（Boi.ti. et al., 2003;Clark et al., 2010）. i. marked contrast, SERCA2 a i. enti.ely restri.ted to the deep, peri.uclear SR（Clark et al.,2010） and may functi.n to recycle calci.m i.to thi. subcompartment i. support of vasoconstri.ti.n（Di.p ＆ evans, 2001;Ki.near et al., 2004;Clark et al., 2010）. i.portantly, Ry R3 i. also preferenti.lly targeted to the peri.uclear SR and associ.ted lysosome-SR nanojuncti.ns（Ki.near et al., 2004, Ki.near et al., 2008）, whi.e the di.tri.uti.n of Ry R2 i. more wi.espread and extends from thi. regi.n to the wi.er cell（Ki.near et al., 2008;Clark et al., 2010）. We therefore proposed that peri.uclear clusters of Ry R3 may act as an i.i.i.ti.n si.e for propagati.g calci.m waves and contracti.n（Di.p ＆ evans, 2001;Ki.near et al., 2008）. Thereafter, by calci.m-i.duced calci.m release, Ry R2 may carry propagati.g calci.m waves away from peri.uclear clusters of Ry R3 and across the myofi.aments to enhance myocyte contracti.n（Ki.near et al., 2008;Clark et al., 2010）. A thi.d subtype of SERCA pump i. PASMCs, namely SERCA1, and Ry R1 preferenti.lly li.es i.vagi.ati

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2019年第1期9卷 20-39页

作者： mark J. Potucek James E. evans Ari.ona Department of Water Resources Phoenix AZ USA Department of Geology Bowling Green State University Bowling Green OH USA

The Huron Ri.er consi.ts of alternati.g bedrock reaches and alluvi.l reaches. Analysi. of hi.tori.al aeri.l photography from 1950-2015 reveals si. major channel avulsi.n events i. the 8-km study area. These avulsi.ns occurred i. the alluvi.l reaches but were strongly i.fluenced by the properti.s of the upstream bedrock reach (“i.heri.ed characteri.ti.s”). The bedrock reaches ali.ned wi.h the azi.uth of joi.t sets i. the underlyi.g bedrock. One i.heri.ed characteri.ti. i. the alluvi.l reach downstream i. that the avulsi.n channels di.erged only sli.htly from the ori.ntati.n of the upstream bedrock channel (range 2 °- 38 °, mean and standard devi.ti.n 12.1 °± 13.7 °). A second i.heri.ed characteri.ti. i. that avulsi.n channels were i.i.i.ted from short di.tances downstream after exi.i.g the upstream bedrock channel reach (range 62 - 266 m, mean and standard devi.ti.n 143.7 ± 71.0 m), whi.h i. a fracti.n of the meander wavelength (1.2 km). Fi.ld evi.ence shows that some avulsi.n channel si.es were re-occupi.d epi.odi.ally. i. addi.i.n, two properti.s were necessary for channel avulsi.ns: 1) avulsi.n events were tri.gered by channel-formi.g hydrologi. events (5-year recurrence i.terval flows), but not every channel-formi.g hydrologi. event resulted i. an avulsi.n, and 2) channel si.uosi.y (P) i.creased to 1.72 - 1.77 pri.r to an avulsi.n then decreased to 1.65 - 1.70 followi.g an avulsi.n, suggesti.g that P ≥ 1.72 i. the “cri.i.al si.uosi.y” or tri.geri.g value for avulsi.ns on the Huron Ri.er. i. summary, for thi. ri.er consi.ti.g of alternati.g bedrock and alluvi.l reaches, the bedrock reaches i.pose certai. parameters on downstream alluvi.l reaches (i.cludi.g sedi.ent supply, channel di.ecti.n and avulsi.n channel posi.i.n downstream after exi.i.g a bedrock reach) whi.e adjustments i. si.uosi.y and sedi.ent storage occur i. the alluvi.l reaches.

关键词： Avulsi.n Bedrock Channels Alluvi.l Channels Cut-Offs Hi.tori.al Changes Fluvi.l Sedi.ent Budgets

Effect of muci. 4 allele on suscepti.i.i.y to experi.ental i.fecti.n wi.h enterotoxi.eni. F4 Escheri.hi. coli.i. pi.s fed experi.ental di.ts

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Journal of Ani.al Sci.nce and Bi.technology 2019年第4期10卷 981-989页

作者： Samantha O.Sterndale Dani.a J.evans Josephi.e P.Mansfi.ld Juli. Clarke Shafi.Sahi.zada Sam Abraham mark O’Dea Davi. W.Mi.ler Jae Cheol Ki. John R.Pluske Agri.ulture Sci.nces College of ScienceHealthEngineering and Education Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia CSi.O Health and Bi.securi.y PO BOX 10041AdelaideBC 5000Australia Anti.i.robi.l Resi.tance and i.fecti.us Di.ease Laboratory Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia AB Vi.ta Asi. Pte.Ltd The MezzoWhampoa 329682Singapore

Background: Thi. study i.vesti.ated the vali.i.y of the DNA-marker based test to determi.e suscepti.i.i.y to ETECF4 di.rrhoea by compari.g the results of two DNA sequenci.g techni.ues i. weaner pi.s followi.g experi.ental i.fecti.n wi.h F4 enterotoxi.eni. Escheri.hi. coli.ETEC-F4). The effects of di.t and geneti. suscepti.i.i.y were assessed by measuri.g the i.ci.ence of pi.let post-weani.g di.rrhoea(PWD), faecal E. coli.sheddi.g and the di.rrhoea ***: A DNA marker-based test targeti.g the muci. 4 gene(MUC4) that encodes F4 fi.bri. receptor i.enti.i.d pi.s as ei.her fully suscepti.le(SS), parti.lly or mi.dly suscepti.le(SR), and resi.tant(RR) to developi.g ETEC-F4 di.rrhoea. To further analyse thi., DNA sequenci.g was undertaken, and a si.ni.i.antly hi.her proporti.n of C nucleoti.es was observed for RR and SR at the Xba i.cleavage si.e genotypes when compared to SS. However, no si.ni.i.ant di.ference was found between SR and RR genotypes. Therefore, results obtai.ed from Sanger sequenci.g retrospecti.ely allocated pi.s i.to a resi.tant genotype(MUC4–), i. the case of a C nucleoti.e, and a suscepti.le genotype(MUC4+), i. the case of a G nucleoti.e, at the si.gle nucleoti.e polymorphi.m si.e. A total of 72 weaner pi.s(age ~ 21 days), wei.hi.g 6.1 ± 1.2 kg(mean ± SEM), were fed 3 di.ferent di.ts:(i. posi.i.e control(PC) group supplemented wi.h 3 g/kg zi.c oxi.e(Zn O),(i.) negati.e control(NC) group(no Zn O or HAMSA),and(i.i. a di.t contai.i.g a 50 g/kg hi.h-amylose mai.e starch product(HAMSA) esteri.i.d wi.h acetate. At days fi.e and si. after weani.g, all pi.s were orally i.fected wi.h ETEC(serotype O149:F4;toxi.s LT1, ST1, ST2 and EAST). The percentage of pi.s that developed di.rrhoea followi.g i.fecti.n was hi.her(P = 0.05) i. MUC4+ pi.s compared to MUC4– pi.s(50% vs. 26.8%, respecti.ely). Furthermore, pi.s fed Zn O had less ETEC-F4 di.rrhoea(P = 0.009) than pi.s fed other di.ts, however faecal sheddi.g of ETEC was si.i.ar(P > 0.05) between ***

关键词： Di.rrhoea Escheri.hi. coli F4 MUC4 Weaner pi.s Zi.c oxi.e

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满洲鳄:中国辽宁晚中生代半水生爬行动物

现代地质 2000年第3期14卷 323-326页

作者：高克勤 Susan E.evans 季强 mark Norell 姬书安 Ameri.an Museum of Natural Hi.tory 纽约10024 Uni.ersi.y College London 中国地质博物馆北京100034

发现于辽宁西部凌源晚侏罗世 /早白垩世非海相义县组中的满洲鳄 ( Monjurosuchus)化石新材料 ,为解决其系统位置这一长久争议的问题提供了确切的实物依据 :满洲鳄为双孔型离鳄类 ( Chori.todera)爬行动物中一较原始成员。保存精美的、... 详细信息

发现于辽宁西部凌源晚侏罗世 /早白垩世非海相义县组中的满洲鳄 ( Monjurosuchus)化石新材料 ,为解决其系统位置这一长久争议的问题提供了确切的实物依据 :满洲鳄为双孔型离鳄类 ( Chori.todera)爬行动物中一较原始成员。保存精美的、独一无二的表皮构造使我们对该类中生代爬行动物的外表特征有了新的认识。满洲鳄四足具蹼 ,它至少是半水生的。

关键词：满洲鳄系统关系晚中生代半水生爬行动物

Substanti.l subpi.l corti.al demyeli.ati.n i. progressi.e multi.le sclerosi.: have we underesti.ated the extent of corti.al pathology?

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Neuroi.munology and Neuroi.flammati.n 2020年第1期7卷 51-67页

作者： Lauren Gri.fi.hs Ri.hard Reynolds Rhi.n evans Ryan J.Bevan mark i.Rees Djordje Gveri. James W.Neal Owai. W.Howell i.sti.ute of Li.e Sci.nces Swansea University Medical SchoolSwansea UniversitySwansea SA28PPUK Department of Brai. Sci.nces Faculty of MedicineImperial College LondonLondon W53EHUK Faculty of Medi.i.e and Health University of SydneySydneyNew South Wales NSW 2006Australia

Ai.: Multi.le sclerosi. (MS) i. an i.flammatory demyeli.ati.g and neurodegenerati.e di.ease. Much of the complex symptomatology relates to pathology outsi.e the classi. whi.e matter plaque, whereby lesi.ns of the corti.al grey matter, whi.h are di.fi.ult to resolve by conventi.nal cli.i.al i.agi.g, are i. part predi.ti.e of outcome. We i.vesti.ated the extent of grey matter pathology i. whole coronal macrosecti.ns to reassess the contri.uti.n of corti.al pathology to total demyeli.ati.g lesi.n area i. progressi.e MS. Methods: Twenty-two cases of progressi.e MS were prepared as whole bi.hemi.pheri. macrosecti.ns for hi.tology, i.munostai.i.g and quanti.ati.e analysi. of lesi.n number and relati.e area, leptomeni.geal i.flammati.n and mi.rogli.l/macrophage acti.ati.n. Results: Corti.al grey matter demyeli.ati.n was seen i. all cases, whi.h was more extensi.e than i. whi.e and deep grey matter (hi.pocampus, thalamus and basal gangli.) and accounted for 0.8%-60.2% of the enti.e measurable corti.al ri.bon. The pattern of corti.al grey matter demyeli.ati.n was predomi.antly subpi.l (mean 90.9%, range 60%-100%, of total corti.al grey matter lesi.n area) and cases wi.h the largest areas of subpi.l corti.al lesi.ns had more and larger deep grey matter lesi.ns, greater numbers of acti.ated mi.rogli./macrophages, both i. lesi.ns as well as i. normal corti.al grey matter, together wi.h elevated leptomeni.geal i.flammati.n and lymphoi.-li.e ;structures. Whi.e matter lesi.n area was unchanged when compared wi.h the progressi.e MS cases wi.h li.tle subpi.l corti.al demyeli.ati.n. Conclusi.n: Analysi. of whole coronal macrosecti.ns reveals corti.al demyeli.ati.n i. more extensi.e than reported by conventi.nal hi.tologi.al methods. Cases of progressi.e MS wi.h substanti.l subpi.l corti.al demyeli.ati.n that i. i.dependent of underlyi.g whi.e matter lesi.n area support the i.pli.ati.ns that these lesi.ns may i.-part ari.e through di.ferent pathogeneti. mechani.ms. Bi.markers and/or i

关键词： Leptomeni.ges B cell folli.le mi.rogli. acti.ati.n normal appeari.g grey matter