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Sensitive detection of HIV-1 resistance to Zidovudine and impact on treatment outcomes in low-to middle-income countries

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1449-1461页

作者： Richard M.Gibson Gabrielle Nickel Michael Crawford fred Kyeyune Colin Venner Immaculate Nankya eva Nabulime Emmanuel Ndashimye Art f.Y.Poon Robert A.Salata Cissy Kityo Peter Mugyenyi Miguel E.Quinones-Mateu Eric J.Arts Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Western Ontario1151 Richmond St.Dental Sciences Bldg.Rm 3014LondonOntario N6A 5C1Canada Division of Infectious Diseases Department of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA Department of Pathology Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA Center for AIDS Research Uganda Laboratories Joint Clinical Research CentreKampalaUganda Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Western OntarioKampalaUganda TREAT Joint Clinical Research CentreKampalaUganda

Background:Thymidine analogs,namely AZT(Zidovudine or Retrovir^(TM))and d4T(Stavudine or Zerit^(TM))are antiretroviral drugs still employed in over 75%of first line combination antiretroviral therapy(cART)in Kampala,Uganda despite aversion to prescribing these drugs for cART in high income countries due in part to adverse *** this study,we explored how the continued use of these thymidine analogs in cART could impact emergence of drug resistance and impact on future treatment success in Uganda,a low-income ***:We examined the drug resistance genotypes by Sanger sequencing of 262 HIV-infected patients failing a first line combined antiretroviral treatment containing either AZT or d4T,which represents approximately 5%of the patients at the Joint Clinical Research Center receiving a AZT or d4T containing *** generation sequencing(DEEPGEN^(TM)HIV)and multiplex oligonucleotide ligation assays(AfriPOLA)were then performed on a subset of patient samples to detect low frequency drug resistant ***4 cell counts,viral RNA loads,and treatment changes were analyzed in a cohort of treatment success and ***:Over 80%of patients failing first line AZT/d4T-containing cART had predicted drug resistance to 3TC(Lamivudine)and non-nucleoside RT inhibitors(NNRTIs)in the treatment regimen but only 45%had resistance AZT/d4T associated resistance mutations(TAMs).TAMs were however detected at low frequency within the patients HIV quasispecies(1-20%)in 21 of 34 individuals who were failing first-line AZT-containing cART and lacked TAMs by *** to lack of TAMs by Sanger,AZT was typically maintained in second-line therapies and these patients had a low frequency of subsequent virologic ***:Our findings suggest that continued use of AZT and d4T in first-line treatment in low-to-middle income countries may lead to misdiagnosis of HIV-1 drug resistance and possibly enhance a succession of second-and third-line treatment failu

关键词： Antiretroviral treatment Drug resistance Uganda

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Patients with cardiac disease: Changes observed through last decade in out-patient clinics

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World Journal of Cardiology 2013年第8期5卷 288-294页

作者： Alberto Cordero Vicente Bertomeu-Martínez Pilar Mazón Lorenzo fácila Juan Cosín Vicente Bertomeu-González Moisés Rodriguez eva Andrés Enrique Galve Iaki Lekuona Jose R González-Juanatey Cardiology Department Hospital Universitario de San Juan Cardiology Department Hospital General de Valencia Cardiology Department Hospital Arnau de Vilano-va Cardiology Department Hospital Complejo Universitario de Santiago de Compostela Research Unit Hospital Universitario 12 de Octu-bre Instituto de investigación 12 de Octubre (imas12) Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública Cardiology Department Clínica Universitaria de Navarra Cardiology Department Hospital Valle Hebrón Cardiology Department Hospital Galdakano

AIM: To describe current profile of patients with cardio-vascular disease(CVD) and assessing changes through last ***: Comparison of patients with established CVD from two similar cross-sectional registries performed in 1999(n = 6194) and 2009(n = 4639).The types of CVD were coronary heart disease(CHD),heart failure(Hf) and atrial fibrillation(Af).Patients were collected from outpatient *** were 80% cardiologist and 20% primary care *** antecedents,major diagnosis,blood test results and medical treatments were collected from all ***: An increase in all risk factors,except for smoking,was observed;a 54.4% relative increase in BP control was *** was the most prevalent CVD but Hf and Af increased significantly,41.5% and 33.7%,respectively.A significant reduction in serum lipid levels was *** use of statins increased by 141.1% as did all cardiovascular ***,the use of angiotensin-renin system inhibitors in patients with Hf,beta-blockers in CHD patients or oral anticoagulants in Af patients increased by 83.0%,80.3% and 156.0%,respectively(P evalence of all cardiovascular risk factors has increased in patients with CVD through last *** and Af have experienced the largest increases.

关键词： Cardiovascular disease Trends Heart failure Coronary heart disease Atrial fibrillation

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Phytotoxicity Assessment of Biofertilizer Produced from Bioreactor Composting Technology Using Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Seeds

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Open Journal of Ecology 2023年第5期13卷 257-270页

作者： eva R. Orlina Neil Angelo D. Besana Gene T. Señeris Kathleen C. Capiña Department of Plant Science College of Agriculture Forestry and Environmental Sciences Aklan State University Banga Philippines

Establishing reliable technological information on the safety of biofertilizers produced from a bioreactor composting technique is a must prior to its commercialization. A phytotoxicity study of biofertilizer made from the bioreactor composting technology at Aklan State University, Banga, Aklan, Philippines was conducted for fourteen (14) days using commercially available lettuce seeds (Lactuca sativa L.). Standard phytotoxicity attributes such as hypocotyl length, radicle length, relative germination percentage, and relative radicle growth observed during the germination stage were evaluated. Results revealed no significant difference in the radicle lengths of the germinated lettuce seeds as affected by the varying levels of biofertilizer dilution at H(3) = 10.567, p = 0.061 > 0.05. On the other hand, the hypocotyl length of the lettuce showed significant differences in response to varying levels of biofertilizer dilution with Welch’s f(5, 5.163) = 8.175, p = 0.017 fferent levels of biofertilizer affected significantly the germination percentage of lettuce seeds f(5, 12) = 5.822, p = 0.006 f biofertilizer treatments indicated a decrease in relative germination percentage. However, those seeds applied with 10% biofertilizer have the highest reduction of germination percentage, equivalent to 86.9% (RGP = 13.10%). All levels of biofertilizer showed an increase in radicle growth in contrast to the negative control plant except for the one given a 10% level of biofertilizer. Seeds that received 10% biofertilizer showed an extremely high reduction in radicle growth, equivalent to 72.22% (RRG = 27.78%). The study shows that applying low levels of the bioreactor-produced biofertilizer will observably reduce the measure of the germination characteristics of lettuce seeds, but not necessarily low enough to be considered phytotoxic. However, the application of at least 10% bioreactor-produced biofertilizer can presumptively lead to phyt

关键词： Biofertilizer Bioreactor Germination Lettuce And Phytotoxicity

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Agromorphological Characterization of Introgression Lines Derived from Wild and Exotic Sorghum Germplasm to Climate Change Challenges

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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第10期12卷 1129-1149页

作者： Ouindyam Colette Ouédraogo Nerbéwendé Sawadogo eva Weltzien Baloua Nebie fred Rattunde Aboubacar Touré Ibrahima Sissoko Mahamadou Sawadogo Equipe Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Laboratoire Biosciences Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Bamako Mali University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is vitally important for food security in semi-arid West Africa. The introgression of wild- and high transpiration efficiency genotypes may contribute genes for abiotic stress tolerance or novel traits. Characterizing the introgressed lines can help researchers in the process of varietal improvement. The objectives of this study are (i) To learn if introgression of wild sorghum (CWR) and high transpiration efficiency (HTE) lines into a very early maturing (photoperiod insensitive) local land-race variety can create useful variation for grain yield in drought-prone Sahelian environments, (ii) To determine if grain yield advantages (and putative drought tolerance traits) obtained from introgression of CWR and HTE germplasm are expressed differently in moderately to highly moisture-limited environments, and (iii) To understand the relationship between putative drought tolerance traits. These populations were developed from crosses between the CSM63E (Jakumbe, a high grains quality variety) and two wild parents (accessions) and five high transpiration efficiency (TE) sorghum accessions. Phenotyping was conducted using an alpha lattice design with three replications in two environments for agronomic traits (grain yield and components), flowering time and physiological traits (stay-green, chlorophyll content and lodging). A total of 669 BC1f5 progenies were developed. Genetic variation for grain yield and putative drought tolerant traits were evaluated. Both populations derived from wild parents exhibited in Cinzana a grain yield (>300 g/m2) greater than CSM63E (245 g/m2). In Bema, more than 75% of the progenies of all populations indicated a chlorophyll content at physiological maturity (>30 SPAD) higher than CSM63E (20 SPAD) chlorophyll content. The estimated broad sense heritability was generally high (≥0.50) for all traits. The results also showed a very significant interaction between genotype and e

关键词： Sorghum Transpiration Drought Variability Climate Change

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Surgically induced weight loss by gastric bypass improves non alcoholic fatty liver disease in morbid obese patients

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World Journal of Hepatology 2012年第12期4卷 382-388页

作者： Víctor Vargas Helena Allende Albert Lecube Maria Teresa Salcedo Juan A Baena-fustegueras José M fort Joaquín Rivero Roser ferrer Roberto Catalán eva Pardina Santiago Ramón y Cajal Jaime Guardia Julia Peinado-Onsurbe Liver Unit Department of MedicineHospital Vall d’HebronUniversitat Autònoma08028 BarcelonaSpain CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas Instituto de Salud Carlos Ⅲ28029 MadridSpain Department of Pathology Hospital Vall d’HebronUniversitat Autònoma08035 BarcelonaSpain Endocrinology Service Hospital Vall d’HebronUniversitat Autònoma08035 BarcelonaSpain Diabetes Research Unit CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas AsociadasInstituto de Salud Carlos Ⅲ28029 MadridSpain Department of Surgery Hospital Arnau de VilanovaLleida25198 BarcelonaSpain Department of Surgery Mútua de Terrassa08221 BarcelonaSpain Biochemistry and Hormones Hospital Vall d’HebronUniversitat Autònoma08035 BarcelonaSpain Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department Biology FacultyBarcelona University08028 BarcelonaSpain

AIM: To evaluate the effects of surgical weight loss (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with a modified fobi-Capella technique) on non alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese patients.

关键词： Non alcoholic fatty liver disease Bariatric surgery Obesity Non alcoholic steatohepatitis

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Water Soluble Propolis and Royal Jelly Enhance the Antimicrobial Activity of Honeys and Promote the Growth of Human Macrophage Cell Line

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2016年第1期6卷 35-47页

作者： Bratko filipic Lidija Gradisnik eva Ruzic-Sabljic Brabara Trtnik Adriana Pereyra Domen Jaklic Rok Kopinc Jana Potokar Almin Puzic Hrvoje Mazija Institute for Microbiology and Immunology Medical Faculty Ljubljana University of Ljubljana Zalogka 4 Ljubljana 1105 Slovenia Institute for Biomedical Sciences Medical Faculty Maribor University of Maribor Taborska 8 Maribor 2000 Slovenia Research and Control Department MEDEX d o.o. Linhartova 49a Ljubljana 1000 Slovenia Veterinary Stations of Mostar Bigke Polje 106 Mostar 88000 Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatian Institute for Experimental and Translation Oncology Koledinedka 3 Zagreb 10040 Croatia

Due to the overuse and misuse of antibiotic, an increase in antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria is evolving. Attention should be focused on natural alternatives to antibiotics, like propolis, royal jelly （R J） and honeys. They all have strong antibacterial properties due to the active substances they contain. This study investigated the effect of combination of water soluble propolis （WSP） Greitl20 or fresh royal jelly （f-RJ）（MiZigoj） and forest honeys as antibacterial against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Acinetobacter baumanii, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA）, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae and Candida albicans. These substances are also cell growth promoters for human macrophage （TLT） cell line. WSP Greitl20, f-RJ （M） and different forest honeys were prepared in saline as 10% solutions. The antimicrobial activity was expressed as the minimal inhibitory concentration （MIC） in mg/mL. The growth promotion activity was measured at optical density （OD） 595 nm. The combination ofWSP Greitl20 with different forest honeys is better than f-RJ （M） in same combination with different forest honeys. The best antibacterial/antifungal activity was found with the combination of 10% WSP Greit 120 in the forest honey （1：10） from Italy or Spain. When measuring the growth promoting activity of TLT cell line, the best activity was detected at the combination of 10% WSP Greitl20 in the forest honey from Italy （GI3 = 0.796 ± 0.014 and GI5 = 1.133± 0.022）. Antimicrobial and growth promoting activities are correlated and WSP-dependent.

关键词： Propolis royal jelly forest honey antimicrobial activity human macrophage cell line cell growth promoting activity.

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CREMa overexpression decreases IL-2 production,induces a TH17 phenotype and accelerates autoimmunity

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2012年第2期4卷 121-123页

作者： Ralph Lippe Kim Ohl Georg Varga Thomas Rauen Jose C.Crispin Yuang-Taung Juang Stefanie Kuerten frank Tacke Marc Wolf Kirsten Roebrock Thomas Vogl eva Verjans Nora Honke Jan Ehrchen Dirk foell Boris Skryabin Norbert Wagner George C.Tsokos Johannes Roth Klaus Tenbrock Institute of Immunology Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research(IZKF)University of MuensterMuensterGermany IZKf Research Group 5 Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research(IZKF)University of MuensterMuensterGermany Department of Pediatrics RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Medicine II RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Institute of Anatomy University of CologneCologneGermany Department of Medicine III RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Department of Dermatology Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research(IZKF)University of MuensterMuensterGermany Institute of Experimental Pathology(ZMBE) Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research(IZKF)University of MuensterMuensterGermany Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research(IZKf)Aachen RWTH Aachen UniversityGermany

Dear Editor,External cytokines produced by cells of the innate immune system induce the dif-ferentiation of CD4+T cells into helper T cell subsets with distinct functions and cytokine *** from TH1 and TH2 cells a third subset of helper T cells has been described,which is characterized by increased expression of IL-17A,IL-17f,IL-21 and IL-22(TH17 cells).

关键词： TH17 induce cytokines

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On the Diurnal Dependence of fbEs-Variations Due to Earthquakes

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第7期6卷 656-665页

作者： Elena V. Liperovskaya Claudia-Veronika Meister Dieter H. H. Hoffmann Alexandra S. Silina Natalia E. Vasil’eva Institute of Physics of the Earth of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universitat Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Graduate School of Excellence Energy Science and Engineering Darmstadt Germany

In the present work, disturbances of the half-transparency frequency fbEs of the ionospheric sporadic E-layer are investigated in connection with earthquakes. The fbEs-frequency is proportional to the square root of the maximum ionisation density of the sporadic E-layer. In this work, it is shown that in 2/3 of the cases, two days before a seismic shock with magnitude M > 5.5 and on the day of the shock, an increase of the fbEs-frequency is obtained at sunset hours at distances from the epicenter R km. In contrast, before sunrise, the fbEs-value decreases. The data analysed are obtained by the three vertical ionospheric sounding stations“Kokubunji”, “Yamagawa”, and “Wakkanai” during some tens of years.

关键词： Earthquake Precursors Ionosphere Sporadic E-Layer Half-Transparency frequency Earthquake Preparation Region Solar Influence on E-Layer Geomagnetic Influence on E-Layer

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乌尔姆设计学院:20世纪50至60年代联邦德国工业设计的训练中心

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装饰 2019年第7期 52-63页

作者： (德)伊娃-玛利亚·森韦昊昱(译) 德国帕德博恩大学清华大学美术学院

乌尔姆设计学院的英语名称为'Ulm School of Design',其德语名称为'hochschule für gestaltung ulm'或简称'hfg',它是20世纪具有国际影响和声誉的、最为重要的设计学院之一,仅次于在魏玛和德绍的包豪斯学院。(图1)这两个学院都是短命的... 详细信息

乌尔姆设计学院的英语名称为'Ulm School of Design',其德语名称为'hochschule für gestaltung ulm'或简称'hfg',它是20世纪具有国际影响和声誉的、最为重要的设计学院之一,仅次于在魏玛和德绍的包豪斯学院。(图1)这两个学院都是短命的,从1919年到1933年包豪斯学院共办学14年,乌尔姆设计学院则从1953年到1968年共办学15年。

关键词：乌尔姆设计学院托马斯格洛特包豪斯学院马克斯产品设计马尔多纳多联邦德国

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Optimizing CT for the evaluation of vestibular aqueduct enlargement:Inter-rater reproducibility and predictive value of reformatted CT measurements

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Journal of Otology 2015年第1期10卷 13-17页

作者： Misun Hwang Ryan Marovich Samuel S.Shin David Chi Barton f.Branstetter IV Department of Radiology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Department of Neurosurgery University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Department of Otolaryngology Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh

Enlarged vestibular aqueduct(eva), the most frequent identifiable cause of congenital hearing loss, is evaluated with high-definition multidetector CT in the axial plane. Our purpose was to determine which reformatted CT measurements are most reproducible. Seven multiplanar reformatted images were created for each of the 64 temporal bones in patients with eva. Intraclass correlation coefficients(ICC) were used to assess inter-observer variability, and both linear regression and ROC analyses were used to compare the measurements with severity of hearing loss, as assessed by pure tone audiometry. All seven measurements had excellent inter-observer variability, with average-measure ICC ranging from 0.92 to 0.98. There was no statistically significant correlation between the radiologic degree of aqueduct enlargement and severity of hearing loss using any of the seven measurements; ROC analyses revealed areas under the curves ranging from 0.57 to 0.73. Optimal accuracy was obtained with a threshold of 1.75 mm as measured at the aqueductal aperture in the P€oschl plane, with sensitivity of 0.75 and specificity of0.63. Although the radiologic measurement may not serve as a reliable tool for assessing severity of eva, P€oschl plane reformatting has proven to be better than conventional axial acquisition plane for identifying patients with clinically significant hearing loss.

关键词： Enlarged vestibular aqueduct Hearing loss Computed

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