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Variations in Soil Organic Matter Content in Cultivated and Uncultivated Calcareous Soils from the Mediterranean Island of Malta after 15 Years of Cultivation

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第4期14卷 210-226页

作者： Anthony T. Sacco Marcelle Agius Clara didier Institute of Earth Systems Division of Rural Sciences and Food Systems University of Malta Msida Malta É cole Nationale Sup&#233rieure Agronomique de Toulouse Auzeville-Tolosane France

The soils of Malta are calcareous and generally undeveloped. Organic matter (OM) in these soils is low and farmers are constantly urged to increase it. The objective of this study was to evaluate any temporal variation in soil OM after 15 years of cultivation, and determine whether soil series, soil depth, and cultivation influence variation. OM was determined in the topsoil and subsoil of 7 agricultural and 4 non-agricultural sites. The sites represented 7 different soil series that are present on the island. In sampling periods 1 (t = 0 years) and 2 (t =15 years), the OM content in the collective (all soil series) bulk (topsoil and subsoil) uncultivated soil was 3.9 % and 3.8 % respectively. This was significantly greater than that of the collective bulk cultivated soil (2.4% and 2.3%). The OM in the collective uncultivated topsoil was 5.4% and 5.2% in periods 1 and 2 and was significantly higher than that of the cultivated topsoil (2.5% in both periods). The OM content in the collective uncultivated subsoil was 2.3% and 2.5% in periods 1 and 2 respectively but only that measured in period 2 was significantly higher than that of the cultivated subsoil (2.2% in both periods). On an individual soil series basis, the OM in the uncultivated topsoils was significantly higher than that of their cultivated counterparts. The differences in the subsoils were not significant. Across the uncultivated soil series, OM was significantly higher in the topsoil than in the subsoil but in the cultivated soil series the differences between topsoil and subsoil were not significant. There was no significant difference in OM between the uncultivated soils of different series, but in the cultivated the OM content was higher in soils that were more mature. After 15 years, no significant change in OM occurred in both the collective cultivated and uncultivated bulk soils, the collective topsoil and subsoil, and in most of the individual series. The OM content of each soil series was also s

关键词： Soil Organic Carbon Agricultural Land Non-Agricultural Land Land Management

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Fe_(3)O_(4)对黄铜矿在酸性硫酸铁溶液中铜溶解氧化还原反应的影响

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第6期34卷 1965-1975页

作者： Kolela J NYEMBWE Elvis FOSSO-KANKEU Frans WAANDERS Martin MKANDAWIRE didier K NYEMBWE Bhekie B MAMBA Water Pollution Monitoring and Remediation Initiatives Research Group School of Chemical and Minerals EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringNorth-West UniversityPotchefstroomSouth Africa Department of Mining Engineering College of Science Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of South AfricaFlorida Science CampusJohannesburgSouth Africa Department of Metallurgy Faculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversity of JohannesburgDoornfonteinJohannesburgSouth Africa Department of Chemistry School of Science and TechnologyCape Breton UniversityCanada School of Mining Metallurgy and Chemical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and the Built EnvironmentUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability College of Science Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of South AfricaFlorida Science CampusJohannesburgSouth Africa

由于钝化层的形成,黄铜矿(CuFeS_(2))在氧化条件下浸出通常具有溶解速率缓慢的特点。为了将黄铜矿浸出过程中的钝化效应降至最低并提高铜的回收率,研究了CuFeS_(2)在不同pH值(1.0、1.5和1.8)和温度(25和50℃)条件下浸出时,向Fe_(2)(SO_(... 详细信息

由于钝化层的形成,黄铜矿(CuFeS_(2))在氧化条件下浸出通常具有溶解速率缓慢的特点。为了将黄铜矿浸出过程中的钝化效应降至最低并提高铜的回收率,研究了CuFeS_(2)在不同pH值(1.0、1.5和1.8)和温度(25和50℃)条件下浸出时,向Fe_(2)(SO_(4))_(3)−H_(2)SO_(4)浸出剂中添加磁铁矿(Fe_(3)O_(4))对铜溶解速率的影响。结果表明,溶液pH值、电位和温度在溶解过程中起着关键作用。在pH 1.8、50℃和400 mV的条件下,Fe_(3)O_(4)−CuFeS_(2)混合体系中铜的回收率达到最大值(70%),而未添加Fe_(3)O_(4)时,CuFeS_(2)中铜的回收率较低(48%)。添加Fe_(3)O_(4)有助于维持较高的氧化还原值。添加Fe_(3)O_(4)还使活化能从79.04 kJ/mol降低到53.69 kJ/mol。这表明,当Fe_(3)O_(4)存在时,由于形成了更易溶解的中间体斑铜矿(Cu_(5)FeS_(4))和辉铜矿(Cu_(2)S),CuFeS_(2)更易被氧化。两种溶解过程都受到矿物表面的化学控制。此外,对浸出残渣的矿物学分析表明,当无Fe_(3)O_(4)存在时,作为表面钝化物的黄钾铁矾浓度较高。因此,添加Fe_(3)O_(4)减少了钝化层的形成,提升了铜的回收率。

关键词：黄铜矿溶解磁铁矿电偶钝化

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Physico-Chemical and Structural Assessment of Akono Riparian Forest Watershed, Tributary of the Nyong Basin (Centre-Cameroon) at Different Stages of Degradation

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第5期15卷 552-571页

作者： Nwamo Roland didier Gordon Nwutih Ajonina Ndzougou Nkodo Colette Rose Tomedi Eyango Minette Department of Management of Aquatic Ecosystems Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences at Yabassi University of Douala Yabassi Cameroon Cameroon Wildlife Conservation Society Mangrove & Coastal Wetlands Research Centre Mouanko Cameroon Department of Aquaculture Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences at Yabassi University of Douala Yabassi Cameroon

Freshwater bodies are natural resources that should be exploited to the fullest, while maintaining the sustainability of ecosystems and ecosystem services which they support. Riparian forests are more important as they contain rivers which are vital sources of fresh water for local populations. However, the quality and quantity of water issued from the watershed depend on the structural state of these forests. The aim of this work was to assess the physico-chemical and structural state of the Akono gallery forest. To achieve this, fieldwork consisted of selecting six major streams of the watershed including Ndjolong, Menyeng adzap, Emomodo, Mvila, Negbe and Ossoé kobok. On each of these, two stations, one intact and one degraded, were marked by transects. The method involved measuring Hydrometric parameters (depth, length, width) of the stream and Physico-chemical parameters of water in the streams while dendrometric parameters were measured along 100 m-transects laid using the point-centred quarter method modified for water bodies to collect tree, shrub and palm variables such as trunk diameter, crown diameter and height. Macrophytes and species identification were carried out using standard botanical procedures. Results showed that, the majority of physico-chemical parameters measured differed significantly between intact and degraded stations (P Pentachletra mancrophylla, whereas on degraded sites, this index was low and characterized by the relative dominance of species Piptadeniastrum africanum. Sorensen’s index (0.56) and CFA showed that the different stands were homogeneous. We can affirm that the riparian forests of Akono watershed are towards a state of stability notwithstanding the perpetuation of anthropological actions.

关键词： Akono Gallery Forest Physico-Chemical Parameters Floristic Diversity Dendrometric Parameters

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Evaluation of Growth Rate of Invasive Aquatic Macrophytes and Contribution to Its Use in Organic Fertilizer Production: A Case of Eicchornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, 1883 in the Lobé Creek (Littoral-Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第7期14卷 571-583页

作者： Roland didier Nwamo Gordon Nwutih Ajonina Tapite Chanel Yamkou Kopmou Thomas Efole Ewoukem Minette Tomedi Eyango Department of Aquatic Ecosystems Management Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences at Yabassi University of Douala Douala Cameroon Cameroon Wildlife Conservation Society Mangrove & Coastal Wetlands Research Centre Mouanko Cameroon Department of Forestry Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Aquaculture Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences at Yabassi University of Douala Douala Cameroon

From 20 January to 20 July 2023, a study was carried out on the Lobé Creek, a waterway subject to considerable natural and man-made pressures, with a negative impact on its biodiversity and habitats. The aim was to evaluate the growth rate of invasive aquatic macrophytes and their contribution to the use of organic fertilisers: a case of Eicchornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, 1883 in the Lobé Creek (Littoral-Cameroon) with a view to its appropriate use in agronomy. The specific objective was to examine the impact of anthropogenic actions on Lobé Creek, characterise physico-chemical environment of the study area, and evaluate the growth rate of E. crassipes and its chemical composition with a view to producing an organic biofertiliser. The results show that E. crassipes represents a considerable threat to the populations of these localities. As for the physico-chemical parameters, the temperature values vary from 24 ± 1.41˚C to 26.5 ± 1.13˚C;pH from 6.3 ± 0.1 to 7.2 ± 0.07;conductivity and dissolved oxygen vary respectively from 40.7 ± 1.83 µS/cm to 19.6 ± 3.11 µS/cm and from 7.3 ± 0.14 mg/l to 5.8 ± 1.55 mg/l. Its average growth rate varies from 0.69 feet/day to 0.63 feet/day. With regard to the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of water hyacinth plants, the results show that the average total nitrogen content ranges from 6.11 ± 1.59 g/kg to 5.2 ± 2.03 g/kg;total phosphorus, from 0.52 ± 0.54 g/kg to 0.88 ± 0.38 g/kg;and potassium, from 1.43 ± 0.45 g/kg to 2.61 ± 0.89 g/kg.

关键词： Eichhornia crassipes Lobé Creek Anthropogenic Actions Physico-Chemical Environment Growth Rate Chemical Composition

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Removal of Dyes in Aqueous Media with Hydrochar Base of Solid Tanneries Waste: Optimization Process and Application

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2024年第7期15卷 168-185页

作者： Abdoul Ntieche Rahman Gervais Ndongo Kounou Sakué Ngankam Eric Tamafo Fouegue Aymard didier Kouotou Daouda Abdelaziz Baçaoui Department of Chemistry Higher Teacher Training College Bertoua The University of Bertoua Bertoua Cameroon Department of Fundamental Sciences Institute of Wood Technology of Mbalmayo University of Yaound I Balmayo Cameroon Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Semlalia University of Cady Ayyad Marrakech Morocco

The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to optimise the conditions of preparation of activated hydrochar from tannery solid waste by hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC). The main factors such as residence time, moisture content and final carbonisation temperature were investigated during the optimisation of hydrochar preparation conditions. The three responses investigated are hydrochar yield, iodine and methylene blue indices. The results of experimental analyses showed that the yield of hydrochar decreases with increasing final temperature, leading to the formation of micropores inside the carbonaceous solid. The optimum conditions for preparing the following hydrochar were obtained: 83.10%, 390.44 mg∙g−1 and 259.63 mg∙g−1 respectively for the hydrochar yield, the iodine and methylene blue indices. The specific surface area of prepared hydrochar is 849.160 m2/g, SEM micrographs showed a porous heterogeneous surface and particularly, the hydrochar surface also revealed external pores on the hydrochar surface which acted as a pathway to the micropores. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), however, showed a predominance of acid functions on the surface of the carbonaceous solids. Tests were carried out to eliminate indigo carmine in aqueous media. Activated hydrochar showed a high level of activity, with the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms giving an adsorption quantity of 354.610 mol/g and a KF constant of 468.2489, respectively. The findings of the research revealed that hydrochar produced is well adapted for dyes removal.

关键词： Response Surface Methodology Hydrochar Tannery Hydrothermal Carbonization Adsorption

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Fuzzy Henstock-Kurzweil Triple Integral on a Type 1 Quasi-Fuzzy Parallelepipedal Domain

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第3期12卷 897-911页

作者： Kumwimba Seya didier Kasongo Ntambwe Dany Panga Lutanda Grégoire Mayuke Katshongo Jean Paul Lunda Ngoy Jean Pierre Département de Mathématiques et Informatique Faculté des Sciences Université de Lubumbashi Lubumbashi Democratic Republic of the Congo

In this article, we propose by using the Hausdorff distance Simpson’s rule for the triple integral of a fuzzy-valued function and the error bound of this method, one of the variables of which is fuzzy. In addition, thin δ-fine partitions are introduced. The integration domain is a quasi-fuzzy parallelipiped. A numerical example is presented in order to show the application and the significance of the method.

关键词： Fuzzy-Valued Function Hausdorff Distance Quasi-Fuzzy Parallelipiped Henstock Integral

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COVID-19 patient experiences in prehospital pathways:a processual approach using life-events calendar method and state sequence analysis shows detrimental delays

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第1期12卷 45-56页

作者： Romain Lutaud Sebastien Cortaredona Lea Delorme Patrick Peretti-watel Juliette Mirouse Manon Borg Lucie Cattaneo didier Thery Gaetan Gentile Christian Pradier Touitou Irit Philippe Brouqui Sophie Tardieu Michel Carles Stéphanie Gentile Department of General Practice Aix-Marseille UniversityMarseilleFrance ADES MarseilleFrance Institut de Recherche pour le Développement(IRD) MarseilleFrance Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille(AP-HM) MarseilleFrance INSERM MarseilleFrance Department of Public Health Archet University HospitalNiceFrance MEPHI MarseilleFrance CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of life Center MarseilleFrance Department of Infectious Diseases Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de NiceNiceFrance

Objectives To our best knowledge,no study in France has comprehensively investigated the prehospital history of patients admitted for severe cases of COVID-19.‘Patients’voice is an excellent means to capture data on primary care *** aimed to identify clusters of COVID-19 hospitalised patients with similar prehospital symptom sequences,and to test whether these clusters were associated with a higher risk of poor clinical *** Cross-sectional online survey using life-event *** All patients hospitalised for COVID-19 between September 2020 and May 2021 in the Infectious Disease Departments in Nice and in Marseilles in *** 312 patients responded to the *** outcome measures From the day of symptom onset to the day of hospitalisation,we defined a symptom sequence as the time-ordered vector of the successive symptom grades(grade 1,grade 2,grade 3).State sequence analysis with optimal matching was used to identify clusters of patients with similar symptom *** logistic regressions were performed to test whether these clusters were associated with admission to intensive care unit(ICU)and COVID-19 sequelae after *** Three clusters of symptom sequences were identified among 312 complete prehospital pathways.A specific group of patients(29%)experienced extended symptoms of severe COVID-19,persisting for an average duration of 7.5 days before *** group had a significantly higher probability of being admitted to ICU(adjusted OR 2.01).They were less likely to know a loved one who was a healthcare worker,and more likely to have a lower level of ***,this group of patients,who were more likely to have previously visited the emergency room without exhibiting severe symptoms at that time,may have been inclined to postpone reassessment when their health *** relatives played a decisive role in their *** and relevance This study h

关键词： admitted likely life

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Long-term follow-up of kidney transplant recipients admitted to a tertiary care transplant center with SARS-CoV-2

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第2期13卷 87-95页

作者： Emily E Zona Mina L Gibes Asha S Jain Jeannina A Smith Jacqueline M Garonzik-Wang didier A Mandelbrot Sandesh Parajuli Division of Nephrology Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWI 53705United States Department of Infectious Disease University of Wisconsin Hospital and ClinicsMadisonWI 53705United States Department of Surgery University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705United States Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWI 53705United States Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin MadisonMadisonWI 53705United States

BACKGROUND Kidney transplant recipients(KTR)are at risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)disease and mortality after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)*** predicted that hospitalization for COVID-19 and subsequent admission to the intensive care unit(ICU)would yield worse outcomes in *** was stratified by ICU *** of interest included risk factors for ICU admission and mortality,length of stay(LOS),respiratory symptoms at admission,all-cause graft failure at the last follow-up,and death related to *** 96 KTRs were hospitalized for SARS-COV-2 infection.21(22%)required ICU *** ICU group had longer hospital LOS(21.8 vs 8.6 days,P<0.001)and were more likely to experience graft failure(81%vs 31%,P<0.001).Of those admitted to the ICU,76%had death at last-follow up,and 71%had death related to *** factors for ICU admission included male sex(aHR:3.11,95%CI:1.04-9.34;P=0.04).Risk factors for all-cause mortality and COVID-19-related mortality included ICU admission and advanced age at SARS-CoV-2 *** was highest within a month of COVID-19 diagnosis,with the ICU group having increased risk of all-cause(aHR:11.2,95%CI:5.11-24.5;P<0.001)and COVID-19-related mortality(aHR:27.2,95%CI:8.69-84.9;P<0.001).CONCLUSION ICU admission conferred an increased risk of mortality,graft failure,and longer ***-fifth of those hospit-alized died of COVID-19,reflecting the impact of COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality among KTRs.

关键词： Kidney transplants SARS-CoV-2 Intensive care unit admission Outcomes Graft failure

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Outcomes of Hemodialysis Patients in Public Centres in Abidjan from September 2018 to October 2021: Data from the Renal Registry of Cote d’Ivoire

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2024年第3期14卷 413-426页

作者： Sery Patrick Diopoh Arthur Kanganga Serge didier Konan Kolo Claude Ouattara Marie-Dominique Kouadio Mohamed Alex Moudachirou Kouamé Hubert Yao Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties University Flix Houphout-Boigny Abidjan Cote dIvoire National Centre for Prevention and Treatment of Renal Failure Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Background: Hemodialysis is the most widely used renal replacement therapy in developing countries such as Cote d’Ivoire. Objective: To study the outcome of chronic hemodialysis patients in public centres in Abidjan using data from the Renal Registry of Cote d’Ivoire (2RCI). Method: This was a prospective analytical cohort study of End Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) patients undergoing iterative hemodialysis in the network of public hemodialysis centres in Abidjan and who had been registered in the 2RCI register by September 2018. Results: Our study involved 363 cases out of 379 patients registered in the 2RCI registry database in 2018. The mean age of the patients was 47.3 ± 12.1 years, with a male predominance (sex ratio 1.97). In 70.24% of cases, they had no health insurance. The average duration of dialysis for our patients was 6.94 ± 4.1 years, with extremes of 2 and 28 years. This duration was less than 5 years in 44.3% of cases, between 6 and 10 years in 42.9% and more than 10 years in 12.6% of cases. The comorbidities found were hypertension in 95.6% of cases, diabetes in 7.8% and HIV in 4.6%. Anemia was found in 68% of cases and stroke in 8.6%. During the study period, 161 deaths were observed, representing a mortality rate of 44.35%. Acute lung oedema (29.8%), stroke (6.8%) and other cardiovascular diseases (19.3%) were the main causes of death. In multivariate analysis, factors such as age ≥ 65 years (HR = 3.66;CI 95% = 1.55 - 8.67;p = 0.003), “married/coupled” status (HR = 2.02;CI 95% = 1.24 - 3.31;p = 0.005) and normal weight at the start of dialysis (OR = 9.59, CI95% = 4.19 - 21.95;p = 0.001) were associated with the risk of death. Conclusion: Hemodialysis is performed in Abidjan on young patients. The mortality rate after three years of dialysis is very high. Hence the need to pursue the policy of decentralizing public centres and optimizing access to dialysis in terms of quality and quantity in order to improve patient survival.

关键词： Chronic Hemodialysis Death Renal Registry Cote d’Ivoire

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“精神圈”的电影诗学:戈达尔和马克(1982—2001)

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世界电影 2024年第1期 52-61页

作者： [法国]迪迪埃·库罗钱进(译) 格勒诺布尔大学贵州大学音乐学院

作为当代“论文电影”的两大代表人物,戈达尔和马克的影像创作都以精神性和思想性为其突出特征,这一点在二者后期的电影生涯中表现得尤其明显。本文以西方现当代哲学中的“精神圈”概念作为二者“论文电影”之“论文”的游戏场域,结合... 详细信息

作为当代“论文电影”的两大代表人物,戈达尔和马克的影像创作都以精神性和思想性为其突出特征,这一点在二者后期的电影生涯中表现得尤其明显。本文以西方现当代哲学中的“精神圈”概念作为二者“论文电影”之“论文”的游戏场域,结合二者在1982—2001年之间的代表性文本和段落,分析二者如何在影片中实现一种朝向“精神圈”的过渡。作者认为,戈达尔和马克通过在电影、视频和信息技术等领域的探索,实现了一种契合于“精神圈”的电影诗学。

关键词：戈达尔克里斯·马克论文电影精神圈精神存在

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