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Cortical columns(barrels)display normal size in the brain’s primary somatosensory cortex of mice carrying null mutations of the insulin receptor substrate 1 gene:A preliminary report

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第10期4卷 945-948页

作者： Marta Lopez-Santibanez Guevara Eileen Uribe-Querol Alma Lilia Fuentes Farias esperanza melendez-herrera Agustine Joseph D’Ercole Gabriel Gutierrez-Ospina Departamento de Biologia Celular y Fisiologia Instituto de Investigaciones BiomedicasUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico D.F.Mexico Division de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion Facultad de OdontologiaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico D.F.Mexico Departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos NaturalesUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoMoreliaMexico Department of Pediatrics The University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUSA Coordinacion de Psicofisiologia Facultad de PsicologiaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico D.F.Mexico

Circuits in barrels of the rodent brain’s primary somatosensory (S1) cortex build up following constructivist rules. Previous evidence in mice supports that the precise addition of barrel neuropil is promoted by insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). The signaling cascades mediating this response remain undetermined. To address whether the effects of IGF-1 upon the growth of S1 circuits are mediated by insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), we studied barrel size in adult mice having the IRS-1 gene knocked out (IRS-1 ko). Our results reveal that barrel size is similar between wild type and IRS-1 ko mice suggesting that IRS-1 is not essential for barrel circuitry growth. Hence, investigations aimed at exploring other substrates activated by IGF-1, namely IRS-2 and IRS-4, are needed to reveal signaling pathways that mediate the precise addition of S1 neuronal circuitry.

关键词： Barrel Cortex Neuronal Circuit Assemblage Trophic Interactions Constructivism

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Differential effect of biotin on carboxylase activity and mice skeletal muscle metabolism

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第7期4卷 43-50页

作者： Marco Antonio Parra Montes de Oca Gabriel Gutierrez-Ospina Pablo Hofmann Salcedo Alma Lilia Fuentes-Farias esperanza melendez-herrera Margarita Gomez-Chavarin Armida Baez-Saldana Departamento de Biologia Celular y Fisiologia Instituto de Investigaciones BiomedicasUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad UniversitariaD.F.Mexico Laboratorio de Eco-fisiologia Animal Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos NaturalesUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoMoreliaMexico

In mammalian skeletal muscle there are four carboxylases involved in several biochemical processes like gluconeogenesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle anaplerosis, metabolism of fatty acids and metabolism of various amino acids. It has been shown that biotin deficiency reduces body weight at the expense of muscular mass. When necessary, the liver uses skeletal muscle protein to provide glucose and amino acids to organs in need of such compounds. In this paper we analyzed carboxylase specific activities in hind limb skeletal muscle of 3 weeks old BALB/c male mice, at 0, 1, 4, 7, and 14 days of a specific diet with different biotin concentrations. Biotin was used at 0.0, 1.8 or 98.2 mg per kg of food;and was referred to as biotin deficient, sufficient and supplemented, respectively. Water and food supply and consumption by the three groups of mice were the same. Therefore, the observed effects were directly related to biotin ingestion. The body weight of biotin supplemented mice was the same as the body weight of mice in the biotin sufficient group, while biotin deficiency caused body weight reduction after 7 days of biotin depletion. We found that the total protein concentration in the vastus lateralis muscle is associated with the biotin content in the diet. After 7 days, the muscle total protein content was lower in mice of the biotin deficient group while it was higher in the mice from the biotin supplemented group

关键词： Biotin Deficiency Biotin Supplementation Biotin Sufficiency Skeletal Muscle Carboxylases Body Growth

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Studying Some Brain and Ovarian Morphological Traits in Diaglena spatulata Female Frogs Thriving in Conserved and Perturbed Habitats:A Preliminary Report and Its Implications for Amphibian Survival and Continuity

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第9期5卷 740-747页

作者： esperanza melendez-herrera Bryan Victor Phillips-Farfan Fany Edith Bucio-Pina Noemi Ramirez-Arres Gabriel Gutierrez-Ospina Ireri Suazo-Ortuno Javier Alvarado-Diaz Alma Lilia Fuentes-Farias Laboratorio de Ecofisiologia Animal Departamento de ZoologiaInstituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos NaturalesUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoMoreliaMéxico Laboratorio de Nutricion Experimental Instituto Nacional de PediatriaSecretaria de SaludMexico Distrito FederalMexico Laboratorio de Biologia de Sistemas Departamento de Biologia Celular y FisiologiaInstituto de Investigaciones BiomedicasCoordinacion de Psicobiologia y NeurocienciasFacultad de PsicologiaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico Distrito FederalMexico Laboratorio de Ecologia Departamento de ZoologiaInstituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos NaturalesUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoMoreliaMexico Laboratorio de Herpetologia Departamento de ZoologiaInstituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos NaturalesUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoMoreliaMexico

Amphibians are thought to be highly susceptible to perturbed environments. However, recent studies show that many of them are successful inhabitants of disturbed, fragmented habitats. The source of this resilience is yet unclear, but it may be the byproduct of having a robust phenotype and/or the result of phenotypic plasticity. We then assessed the contribution of each by evaluating cytological features of two brain nuclei that modulate reproductive behavior and of the ovary, using female specimens of the frog Diaglena spatulata prospering in conserved and disturbed areas of a tropical dry forest. Our results in the brain show that the medial amygdala, but not the preoptic area, had a reduced size in frogs collected in disturbed forests compared to specimens collected in conserved forests. Both brain nuclei displayed, however, neurons with a reduced size in frogs captured in disturbed forest patches. In contrast, ovarian cytological features were similar between groups. Our preliminary results lead us to propose that Diaglena spatulata female specimens might combine robust ovary and plastic brain’s phenotypic traits to confront disturbed environments. This, however, is still a working hypothetical framework that needs to be experimentally confirmed.

关键词： Amphibians Reproductive Traits Amygdala Medial Preoptic Area Ovary

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Sensory neurons in the spinal cord of nominal female embryos in the marine turtle Lepidochelys olivacea respond to shifts in incubation temperature:implications for temperature dependent sex determination

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2011年第1期2卷 1-7页

作者： Francisco Jimenez-Trejo Leonora Olivos-Cisneros Julieta Mendoza-Torreblanca Sofia Diaz-Cintra esperanza-melendez-herrera Armida Baez-Saldana Patricia Padilla Cortes Gabriel Gutierrez-Ospina Alma Lilia Fuentes-Farias Departamento de Biologia Facultad de QuimicaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico D.F.Mexico 04510 Departamento de Biologia Celular y Fisiologia Instituto de Investigaciones BiomedicasUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico D.F.Mexico 04510 Departamento de Neuroquimica Instituto Nacional de PediatriaMexicoDF.Mexico 04530 Departamento de Neurobiologia del Desarrollo y Neurofisiologia Instituto de NeurobiologiaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCampus UNAM-JuriquillaJuriquillaQueretaro Mexico AP.1-1141 Laboratorio de Invertebrados y Ecofisiologia Animal Facultad de BiologiaUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoMoreliaMichoacanMexico 58040 Unidad de Cromatografia Liquida de Alta Resolucion Instituto de Investigaciones BiomedicasUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico D.F.Mexico 04510

Gonadal determination in marine turtles depends on incubation temperature. The mechanisms that spark off this process remain unclear. Previously, we proposed that sensory nerves reaching the gonadal primordium in nominal female embryos of Lepidochelys (L) olivacea may sense and signal incubation temperature. These nerves could later trigger ovarian determination by releasing neurotransmitters in a code constructed based on the thermal information (Gutierrez-Ospina et al., Acetylcholinesterase-positive innervation is present at the undifferentiated stages of the sea turtle Lepidochelys olivacea embryo gonads: implications for temperature-dependent sex determination, J. Comp. Neurol. 410 (1999) 90-98). The hypothesis briefly described, however, has been recently refuted under weak theoretical grounds and experimental misinterpretations (see introduction). Here, we present preliminary results that show that nominal female embryos have sensory neurons located in the dorsal horn laminae I and II of the lumbar spinal cord that display increased c-Fos-like immuno-staining after being incubated either at 15°C or 50°C. Because these spinal neurons are the primary central target of dorsal root ganglion neurons that innervate the urogential crest, these observations keep open the possibility that gonadal sensory nerves indeed signal thermal information that could later be used to trigger or instruct ovarian specification in marine turtles.

关键词： Reptiles Ovarian Determination c-Fos Incubation Temperature Sensory Neurons

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Marine turtle hatchlings use multiple sensory cues to orient their crawling towards the sea:biological and conservation policy implications

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2011年第2期2卷 47-51页

作者： Alma Lilia Fuentes-Farias Gabriel Gutierrez-Ospina esperanza melendez herrera Veronica Camarena-Ramirez Gerardo Ochoa-Tovar Julieta Mendoza-Torreblanca Armida Baez-Saldana Raquel Martinez-Mendez Jaime Urrutia-Fucugauchi Maria Luisa Garcia Zepeda Laboratorio de Ecofisiologia Facultad de BiologiaUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoCiudad UniversitariaMorelia MichoacanMexico58230 Laboratorio de Biologia de Sistemas Instituto de Investigaciones BiomedicasUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad UniversitariaMexico D.F.04510 Laboratorio de Paleomagnetismo Instituto de GeofisicaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad UniversitariaMexico D.F.04510 Laboratorio de Paleontologia Facultad de BiologiaUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoCiudad UniversitariaMorelia MichoacanMexico58230 Laboratorio de Neuromorfometría Instituto Nacional de PediatríaMéxico D.F.04530

The ability of sea turtle hatchlings to find the seashore soon after hatching is thought to be exclusively dependent upon visual information. Target-oriented movements in most vertebrates, however, relay on combining information gathered through different sensory systems. Hence, in this work, we investigated whether olfactory and/or magnetic information might complement visual cues during hatchling’s seaward crawling. Acute olfactory deprivation and distorted magnetic sensation in visually competent hatchlings resulted in a scattering of seaward crawling routes among cardinal points, some of them being different from those strongly preferred by control hatchlings. In addition, blindfolded hatchlings also displayed a striking misrouting while crawling on the beach surface in spite of having intact olfactory and magnetic senses. Together these results support the notion that visual information is crucial for seaward crawling, but also that olfactory and magnetic information complement visual cues when turtle hatchlings display this behavior. Hence, the present observations suggest that multisensory cues are used by turtle hatchlings while crawling towards the sea. This work also has important implications on the design of species conservation measures and policies. In the near future, efforts must be made to identify and preserve the local natural sources of odors and magnetic cues, in addition to preventing the perturbing effects of artificial lighting on adult and hatchling turtle crawling behavior.

关键词： Olfaction Magnetoreception Vision Chelonia aggasizi Seaward orientation Reptiles Intermodal interactions Multisensory integration

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