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Study on histo-biochemical biomarkers of chromium induced toxicity in Labeo rohita

Emerging Contaminants 2023年第1期9卷 68-75页

作者： Amna Chaudhary Komal gul Javaid erum bughio Nauman Faisal Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Faculty of Fisheries and WildlifeUniversity of Veterinary and Animal SciencesLahorePakistan Department of Poultry Production Faculty of Animal Production and TechnologyShaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal SciencesSakrandPakistan

Aquatic environment gets highly polluted due to the presence of heavy metals,which are usually discharged into water bodies because of rapid *** main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of chromium toxicity on histo-biochemical biomarkers of Labeo rohita.A total of 240 randomly selected fish were distributed into four aquaria(n=20).Three groups designated as T_(1),T_(2) and T_(3) were exposed with 1/3rd,1/5th and 1/10th of LC_(50) of chromium chloride,and the fourth group was chromium-free control(T0).Results showed a significant(p<0.05)decrease in blood parameters such as hematocrit,red blood cells,hemoglobin,mean cell hemoglobin and *** contrast,mean cell volume and white blood cell values increased *** results obtained by comet assay showed that DNA damage was increased significantly(p<0.05)in chromium-exposed groups compared to the *** the histopathological level,observed alterations in the gill tissues are degeneration of epithelium,fusion of secondary lamellae,lamellar curling,hypertrophy,telangiectasis and oedema,while in the liver is necrosis,dilation of the vein,congestion of blood vessels,hepatocytes degeneration,melano-macrophage centers,pigmentation and *** the kidney,histological alterations such as glomerular destruction,necrosis,damaged blood vessels,oedema and pigmentation were *** results suggest that chromium has the ability to bring variations DNA integrity,histopathology and blood of Labeo rohita.

关键词： Heavy metals Biomarkers Chromium Histopathology DNA damage Labeo rohita

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Weathering and accumulation of trace elements in the soils of the Porali Plain, Balochistan: repercussions in agriculture

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 214-234页

作者： Maria Kaleem erum Bashir Shahid Naseem Tahir Rafique Bushra Shahab Department of Geology University of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Applied Chemistry Research Centre PCSIR Laboratories ComplexKarachi 75280Pakistan

This study is theﬁrst attempt to assess the nature of the soil,especially on the western side of the Porali Plain in Balochistan;a new emerging agriculture hub,using weathering and pollution indices supplemented by multi-variate analysis based on geochemical *** outcomes of this study are expected to help farmers in soil manage-ment and selecting suitable crops for the ***-ﬁve soil samples were collected,mainly from the arable land of the Porali *** drying and coning-quarter-ing,soil samples were analyzed for major and trace ele-ments using the XRF technique;sieving and hydrometric methods were employed for granulometric ***-mated data were analyzed using Excel,SPSS,and Surfer software to calculate various indices,correlation matrix,and spatial *** granulometric analysis showed that 76%of the samples belonged to loam types of soil,12%to sand type,and 8%to silt *** indices:CIA,CIW,PIA,PWI,WIP,CIX,and ICV were calculated to infer the level of *** indices reﬂect mod-erate to intense weathering;supported by K_(2)O/AI_(2)O_(3),Rb/K_(2)O,Rb/Ti,and Rb/Sr *** of the geo-ac-cumulation and Nemerow Pollution indices pinpoint rela-tively high concentrations of Pb,Ni,and Cr concentration in the *** correlation matrix and Principal Compo-nent Analysis show that the soil in this study area is mainly derived from the weathering of igneous rocks of Bela Ophiolite(Cretaceous age)and Jurassic sedimentary rocks of Mor Range having SEDEX/MVT type *** may result in the undesirable accumulation of certain trace elements which adversely affects crops.

关键词： Weathering indices Pollution indices Accumulation Repercussions Trace elements Multivariate analyses Porali Plain Balochistan

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Recent advances in Ir/Ru-based perovskite electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 2891-2912页

作者： Zhi-Qi Jiang Cheng-Zhen Fan Jun-Yu Pan Li Shao Hao Chen erum Pervaiz Yan Dong Tong-Zhou Wang Xue-Rong Zheng Ji-Hong Li Yi-Da Deng School of Materials Science and Engineering Hainan University Department of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME)National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University

Oxygen evolution reaction(OER) is a kinetically harsh four-electron anode reaction that requires a large overpotential to provide current and is of great importance in renewable electrochemical ***/Rubased perovskite oxides hold great significance for application as OER electrocatalysts,due to that their multimetal-oxide forms can reduce the use of noble metals,and their compositional tunability can modulate the electronic structure and optimize OER ***,high operating potentials and corrosive environments pose a serious challenge to the development of durable Ir-based and Ru-based perovskite *** efforts have been dedicated to improving the Ir/Ru-based perovskite activity to enhance the efficiency;however,progress in improving the durability of Ir/Ru-based perovskite electrocatalysts has been rather *** this review,the recent research progress of Ir/Ru-based perovskites is reviewed from the perspective of heteroatom doping,structural modulation,and formation of *** dissolution mechanism studies of Ir/Ru and experimental attempts to improve the durability of Ir/Ru-based perovskite electrocatalysts are *** and outlooks for further developing Ru-and Irbased perovskite oxygen electrocatalysts are also presented.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction Ir/Ru-based perovskites Stability Electrocatalysts

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Histo-morphometric vicissitudes in diet-controlled diabetic placenta:A quantitative stereological model

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2023年第2期3卷 112-118页

作者： Rabia Arshad erum Amir Asra Khan Pahore Tazeen Mustansar Department of Pharmacology Altamash Institute of Dental MedicineKarachiPakistan Pathology Department Karachi Medical and Dental CollegeKarachiPakistan Pathology Department DMCDow University of Health SciencesKarachiPakistan

Background:An affordable approach accepted worldwide to successfully treat mild maternal hyperglycemia in gestational diabetes(GDM),is diet-controlled *** no elaborate research was available,this study was crafted to investigate morphometric stereological details and to determine the mean placental oxygen diffusion capacity for patients who were kept on diet therapy for mild gestational ***:A clinical trial(NCT04907708)was conducted from January 2018 to February 2019.A total of 70 women completed the study,out of which 35 served as healthy controls as Group A and 35 were diagnosed as mild gestational diabetics according to WHO criteria(Group B).These patients were kept on a restricted calorie diet with light exercise during gestation and were followed regularly during *** after delivery,conserved placentas underwent complete gross,microscopic,and stereological investigations with the point and intersection-counting ***:Significant differences were observed for placental width and syncytial knots(p<0.010 and 0.025 respectively)between the groups on gross and light *** of the parameters were non-significant,though numerically more in the GDM *** stereological details,mean placental volume,mean placental components volumes(villi,inter-villous space,fetal capillary,and fetal connective tissue),mean villi and mean fetal capillary diameter,mean villi and capillary surface density and mean morphometric diffusing capacity of placenta showed non-significant results between the ***:Minimal changes were observed in gross,microscopy,and morphometric stereological details in the placentae of GDM patients managed with nutritional therapy during gestation compared with the healthy controls.

关键词： Placenta Gestational diabetes mellitus Diet-controlled Stereology Morphometry

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First Principles Investigation of Fluorine Based Strontium Series of Perovskites

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2016年第11期65卷 571-578页

作者： Nazia erum Muhammad Azhar lqbal Physics Department University of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusP.O.Box 54590 LahorePakistan School of Science University of Management and TechnologyC-11Johar Town CampusP.O.Box 54770 LahorePakistan

Density functional theory is used to explore structural, elastic, and mechanical properties of SrLiF_3,SrNaF_3, SrKF_3 and SrRbF_3 fluoroperovskite compounds by means of an ab-initio Full Potential-Linearized Augmented Plane Wave(FP-LAPW) method. Several lattice parameters are employed to obtain accurate equilibrium volume(Vo).The resultant quantities include ground state energy, elastic constants, shear modulus, bulk modulus, young's modulus,cauchy's pressure, poisson's ratio, shear constant, ratio of elastic anisotropy factor, kleinman's parameter, melting temperature, and lame's coefficient. The calculated structural parameters via DFT as well as analytical methods are found to be consistent with experimental findings. Chemical bonding is used to investigate corresponding chemical trends which authenticate combination of covalent-ionic behavior. Furthermore electron density plots as well as elastic and mechanical properties are reported for the first time which reveals that fluorine based strontium series of perovskites are mechanically stable and posses weak resistance towards shear deformation as compared to resistance towards unidirectional compression while brittleness and ionic behavior is dominated in them which decreases from SrLiF_3 to SrRbF_3. Calculated cauchy's pressure, poisson's ratio and B/G ratio also proves ionic nature in these compounds. The present methodology represents an effective and influential approach to calculate the whole set of elastic and mechanical parameters which would support to understand various physical phenomena and empower device engineers for implementing these materials in numerous applications.

关键词：钙钛矿第一原理 DFT计算弹性常数密度泛函理论弹性各向异性锶氟

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Hydrogeochemistry of the Winder River and adjoining tributaries, Balochistan, Pakistan

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2007年第3期26卷 259-266页

作者： erum Bashir Shahid Naseem Salma Hamza Department of Geology University of Karachi Pakistan Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology Karachi Pakistan

Quantitative estimation of ground and stream waters draining through sedimentary rocks of the Pab and Mor ranges (Jurassic-Cretaceous) and the Bela ophiolite has been made. The degree of correspondence among cations and anions has been estimated in order to evaluate their mutual relationships. The abundance of major ions is interpreted to be related to bedrocks and climatic conditions, which may contribute to the genetic affiliation. The log TDS and Na/Na+Ca ratio reflected supremacy of weathering of rocks with some influence of evaporation. Ionic relationship is exhibited in the form of Stiff diagrams. Patterns of ionic composition revealed high NaCl, medium Ca(HCO3)2 and low MgSO4. Piper diagram has been used to classify the hydrofacies. The important hydrogeochemical parameters have been estimated for assessment of groundwater quality for domestic purposes in accordance to WHO. Irrigation water qualities have been evaluated in terms of EC, SAR, RSC, ESP and pH.

关键词：水文地球化学水质量变体巴基斯坦

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Screening for arboviruses in healthy blood donors: Experience from Karachi, Pakistan

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Virologica Sinica 2022年第5期37卷 774-777页

作者： Moiz Ahmed Khan Kehkashan Imtiaz Humaira Shafaq Joveria Farooqi Mohammad Hassan Afia Zafar Maureen T.Long Kelli L.Barr erum Khan Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Department of Pathology&Lab MedicineAga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800Pakistan Blood Bank Haematology&Transfusion MedicineDepartment of Pathology&Lab MedicineAga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800Pakistan Comparative Diagnostic and Population Medicine University of FloridaGainesville FL32611USA Center for Global Health and Infectious Disease Research University of South FloridaTampa FL33620USA

Dear Editor,Arboviruses of medical importance are maintained in nature in enzootic cycles between haematogenous vectors and susceptible vertebrate hosts(Huang et al.,2019).The rapid increase in human populations around the globe and the associated urbanization are creating irreversible damage to the ecosystem,giving rise to many problems including emergence and intensification of the vector borne diseases(Sutherst,2004).Among vector borne diseases,mosquito-borne arboviruses including dengue virus(DENV),West Nile virus(WNV),Japanese Encephalitis virus(JEV)and Zika virus(ZIKV)are rapidly emerging in the affected regions of the world(Palmer et al.,2011).

关键词： maintained irreversible Pakistan

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First principles investigation of protactinium-based oxide-perovskites for flexible opto electronic devices

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第4期26卷 368-376页

作者： Nazia erum Muhammad Azhar Iqbal Physics Department University of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusP.O.Box 54590 LahorePakistan School of Science University of Management and TechnologyC-llJohar Town CampusP.O.Box 54770 LahorePakistan

The structural,elastic,mechanical,electronic,and optical properties of KPaO_3 and RbPaO_3 compounds are investigated from first-principles calculations by using the WIEN2 k code in the frame of local density approximation（LDA） and generalized gradient approximation（GGA）.The calculated ground state quantities,such as lattice constant（α_0）,ground state energy（E）,bulk modulus（S）,and their pressure derivative（B_p） are in reasonable agreement with the present analytical and previous theoretical results and available experimental *** on several elastic and mechanical parameters,the structural stability,hardness,stiffness and the brittle and ductile behaviors are discussed,which reveal that protactiniumbased oxide series of perovskites is mechanically stable and possesses weak resistance to shear deformation compared with resistance to unidirectional compression while flexible and covalent behaviors are dominated in *** analysis of band profile through Trans-Blaha modified Becke-Johnson（TB-mBJ） potential highlights the underestimation of bandgap with traditional density functional theory（DFT） *** contribution of electronic states is investigated by means of total and partial density of states and it can be evaluated that both compounds are（Γ-Γ） direct bandgap *** fundamental optical properties are analyzed while attention is paid to absorption and reflection spectra to explore extensive absorptions and reflections of these compounds in high frequency *** present method represents an influential approach to calculating the whole set of elastic,mechanical,and opto-electronic parameters,which would conduce to the understanding of various physical phenomena and empower the device engineers to implement these materials in flexible opto-electronic applications.

关键词： first-principles study oxide perovskites mechanical property electronic property optical property

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Designing artificial synthetic promoters for accurate,smart,and versatile gene expression in plants

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Plant Communications 2023年第4期4卷 12-29页

作者： erum Yasmeen Jin Wang Muhammad Riaz Lida Zhang Kaijing Zuo Single Cell Research Center School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina

With the development of high-throughput biology techniques and artificial intelligence,it has become increasingly feasible to design and construct artificial biological parts,modules,circuits,and even whole *** overcome the limitations of native promoters in controlling gene expression,artificial promoter design aims to synthesize short,inducible,and conditionally controlled promoters to coordinate the expression of multiple genes in diverse plant metabolic and signaling *** promoters are versatile and can drive gene expression accurately with smart responses;they show potential for enhancing desirable traits in crops,thereby improving crop yield,nutritional quality,and food *** review first illustrates the importance of synthetic promoters,then introduces promoter architecture and thoroughly summarizes advances in synthetic promoter *** to the development of synthetic promoters and future applications of such promoters in synthetic plant biology and crop improvement are also discussed.

关键词： plants synthetic promoter cis element gene expression

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Polarization-based optimal detection scheme for digital self-interference cancellation in full-duplex system

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2020年第3期27卷 73-82页

作者： Adil Khan Zhang Jinling Muhammad Ayzed Mirza Sibghat Ullah erum Ab basi Babar Hayat School of Electronic Engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecom municationBeijing 100876China

In order to detect and cancel the self-interference(SI)signal from desired binary phase-shift keying(BPSK)signal,the polarization-based optimal detection(POD)scheme for cancellation of digital SI in a full-duplex(FD)system is *** POD scheme exploits the polarization domain to isolate the desired signal from the SI signal and then cancel the SI to obtain the interference-free desired signal at the *** FD communication,after antenna and analog cancellation,the receiver still contains residual SI due to non-linearities of hardware *** POD scheme,a likelihood ratio expression is obtained,which isolates and detects SI bits from the desired *** isolation of these signal points,the POD scheme cancels the residual *** compared to the conventional schemes,the proposed POD scheme gives significantly low bit error rate(BER),a clear constellation diagram to obtain the boundary between desired and SI signal points,and increases the receiver's SI cancellation performance in low signal to interference ratio(SIR)environment.

关键词： polarization full-duplex self-interference cancellation optimal detection

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