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Family Planning Awareness, Perceptions and Practice among Community Members in the Kintampo Districts of Ghana

Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2015年第1期3卷 1-12页

作者： Obed ernest A. Nettey yeetey A. Enuameh Emmanuel Mahama Abubakari Sulemana George Adjei Stephaney Gyaase Samuel Afari-Asiedu Robert Adda Abena Konadu yawson Gifty Fosuaa Nuamah Edward Apraku Anane Livesy Abokyi Charles Zandoh Martha Abdulai Ellen Abrafi Boamah Kwame Adjei Seeba Amenga-Etego Francis Dzabeng Charlotte Tawiah-Agyeman Frank Baiden Kwaku Poku Asante Seth Owusu-Agyei Kintampo health Research Centre Kintampo Ghana Drexel University School of Public health Philadelphia USA

Family planning is known to prevent maternal deaths, but some social norms, limited supplies and inconsistent use makes this difficult to achieve in most low- and middle-income countries. In spite of the high fertility levels in most sub-Saharan African countries and the potential economic benefits of family planning, its patronage remains very low in the sub-region. This study was with the objective of identifying the levels of awareness, utilization, access to and perceptions about family planning and contraception. A cross-sectional study design was used for the study, with data collected from multiple sources using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Relevant findings included a marked disconnect between family planning/contraceptive knowledge and use. The pills and injectables were the most frequently used, but females in the study population poorly patronised emergency contraception. Supplies of most family planning methods were found to be health facility based, requiring clients to have to necessarily go there for services. Some respondents harboured perceptions that family planning was the responsibility of females alone and that it fuelled promiscuity among female users. Recommendations made include ensuring that health facilities had adequate staff and expertise to provide facility-based family planning services and also to disabuse the minds of community members of the negative perceptions towards family planning.

关键词： Family Planning Contraception Reproductive health Kintampo Ghana

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Transplanted iPSC-derived neural stem cells for spinal cord injury

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解剖学杂志 2021年第S1期44卷 111-111页

作者： Kong Desheng Feng Baofeng Guo Ruigyun ernest Asiamah he Jingjing Zhang Shuhan Lyu Fei Liu Xin Ma Jun huixian Cui Department of Anatomy Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017

Spinal cord injury(SCI),one of the most devastating central nervous system(CNS)disorders,can lead to severe neurological disabilities,the most severe forms of which include persistent paraplegia or *** efficacy of induced pluripotent stem cell(iPSC)derived neural stem cells(NSC)transplantation on functional recovery following acute spinal cord injury(SCI)was *** derived from iPSC was characterized by expression of specific markers(SOX2,nestin and PAX6).

关键词： SOX2 acute injury

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Prognostic Signification of Admission hyperglycemia among Acute Stroke Patients in Intensive Care Units in Kinshasa,the Democratic Republic of the Congo

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2019年第9期9卷 665-680页

作者： Josée K.Tshituta Francois B.Lepira Francois P.Kajingulu Jean Robert R.Makulo ernest K.Sumaili Pierre Z.Akilimali Aliocha N.Nkodila Freddy M.Mbuyi Angele I.Masewu Stephane Mutombo Eric B.Amisi Jean Pierre M.Ilunga Wilfrid B.Mbombo Patrick M.Mukuna Adolphe M.Kilembe Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation University of Kinshasa HospitalKinshasaThe Democratic Republic of the Congo Division of Nephrology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kinshasa HospitalKinshasaThe Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Epidemiology&Biostatistics Kinshasa School of Public HealthUniversity of Kinshasa School of MedicineKinshasaThe Democratic Republic of the Congo Centre medical cite des Aveugles KinshasaThe Democratic Republic of the Congo

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Although admission hyperglycemia has been reported to be associated with unfavorable outcomes in acute stroke, little is known about this association in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the prognostic significance of admission hyperglycemia in the acute phase of stroke in Congolese patients. METhODS: In a multicenter prospective cohort study, consecutive patients with acute stroke were examined in 5 Emergency Rooms or Intensive Care Units of Kinshasa between July 15th, 2017 and March 15th, 2018. The severity of stroke was assessed at admission using the Glasgow Coma Scale. Stress hyperglycemia was defined as random blood glucose levels at admission > 140 mg/dL in patients without known type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The endpoint was 10-day all-cause in-hospital mortality. Survival (time-to-death) curves were built using the Kaplan Meier methods. Cox proportional analysis was used to identify predictors of 10-day all-cause in-hospital mortality. The predictive performance of blood glucose level to predict 10-day all-cause in-hospital mortality was assessed using ROC curve analysis. RESULTS: Out of 194 patients (mean age 58.7 ± 13.1 years;64% males, 74.7% light to moderate stroke severity;63.4% ischemic stroke) enrolled, 106 (54.6%) had admission hyperglycemia with 77 (72.6%) having stress hyperglycemia. Ninety four deaths (48.5%);mortality rate of 6 deaths per 100 person-days (95%CI 2.7 - 9.3) occurred during a median follow up time 6 (5 - 7) days equivalent to 1542 person-days. Independent predictors of 10-day all-cause in-hospital mortality were admission hyperglycemia regardless of diabetes status (ahR 3.77;95%CI 1.92 - 7.42;p hanical ventilation (ahR 1.97;95%CI 1.05 - 3.70;p = 0.034). Blood glucose concentrations (AUC 0.743;95%CI 0.672 - 0.814) had a better predictive performance for 10-day all-cause in-hospital mortality with an optimal value of 154 m

关键词： Admission hyperglycemia Stroke Prognostic Significance Black Africans

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Impact of a Mass Campaign on the Evolution of the Fourth Wave of the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Central African Republic

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第3期12卷 142-150页

作者： Clotaire Donatien Rafaï Pierre Somse Wilfrid Sylvain Nambei ernest Lango-yaya Marie-Roseline Darnycka Belizaire Ulrich Vickos Narcisse Patrice Komas Oscar Senzongo Luc Salva heredeibona Ulrich Jeffrey Kotemossoua Rabbi Mermoz Senekian Simon Pounguinza Jephté Estimé Kaleb Christian-Diamant Mossoro-Kpinde Alain Le Faou Jean De Dieu Longo Norbert Richard ngbale Abdoulaye Sepou François-Xavier Mbopi-Keou Gérard Grésenguet Boniface Koffi National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public health Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Ministry of health and Population Bangui Central African Republic World health Organization Bangui Central African Republic Pasteur Institute of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Medicine Midwifery and Health Professions University of Lorraine Nancy France Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroun Community University hospital Center of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic

Objective: In the context of increasing cases despite vaccination campaigns, a survey was conducted in the Bangui population from January 17 to 26, 2022, to evaluate the strains of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) circulating in a healthy population. Materials and methods: This study was conducted by taking nasopharyngeal samples from randomly selected volunteers. Antigen detection was performed systematically, and RT-PCR was done on the positive samples. Results and discussion: We collected 2,554 samples. Thirty were found RT-PCR positive (1.2%) and sent for viral genome sequencing. Twenty-eight SARS-Cov-2 strains belonged to the Omicron type, and only 2 to the Delta type. Conclusion: Thus, infections were uncommon in the tested population, but the presence of Omicron and Delta types raises concerns that vaccination may not be effective in fighting the virus, and newly designed vaccines should be implemented to better protect the population at risk of infection and reinfection by these variants.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Variants

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Contribution of Automated Antigen Tests, the LumiraDx Ag Test in the Response during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangui

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2023年第4期11卷 173-183页

作者： Clotaire Donatien Rafaï Pierre Somse Wilfrid Sylvain Nambei ernest Lango-yaya Marie-Roseline Darnycka Belizaire Ulrich Vickos Narcisse Patrice Komas Oscar Senzongo Luc Salva heredeibona Ulrich Jeffrey Kotemossoua Rabbi Mermoz Senekian Simon Pounguinza Jephté Estimé Kaleb Kandou Christian-Diamant Mossoro-Kpinde Laurent Bélec Jean De Dieu Longo Norbert Richard ngbale Abdoulaye Sepou François-Xavier Mbopi-Keou Gérard Grésenguet Boniface Koffi National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public health Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Ministry of health and Population Bangui Central African Republic World health Organization Bangui Central African Republic Institut Pasteur de Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Virology Laboratory Georges Pompidou European Hospital Université Paris Cité Paris France hôpital Communautaire of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon

Context and objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has become a major public health problem and has mobilized many innovative means of diagnosis. The Central African Republic is not spared. The emergence of variants and their impact require health monitoring despite the obligation of vaccination. The purpose of this campaign was to determine the circulation of pending second-wave variants. Patients and Methods: A second mass screening campaign took place from 02 to 22 July 2021 in the main land and river entry points of Bangui (Exit North-PK12, Exit South-PK9, Port Beach) and at the LNBCSP. Antigenic and RT-PCR tests carried out on nasopharyngeal samples made it possible to select strains which were finally sequenced. Results: Of 2687 participants included in the study, 53 (1.97%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Thirteen (1.53%) were male and 40 (2.18%) female. The analyses carried out on the LumiraDx analyzer were positive for 109 samples against 53 on the RT-PCR. The prevalence was higher in the most tested age groups (30 to 50 years) with two clusters identified. B.1.617.2 (Delta) variants were predominant (57%). Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 continues to circulate. The acquisition of automated antigenic tests (LumiraDx®) with sensitivity and specificity close to those of the reference test (RT-PCR) will allow better mass diagnosis for an optimization of the surveillance of COVID-19 in our countries with limited resources. The predominance of the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant would suggest a third wave in the Central African Republic.

关键词： COVID-19 Automated Antigen Testing

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Low prevalence of epilepsy and onchocerciasis after more than 20 years of ivermectin treatment in the Imo River Basin in Nigeria

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第1期8卷 36-44页

作者： Joseph N.F.Siewe Chinyere N.Ukaga ernest O.Nwazor Murphy O.Nwoke Modebelu C.Nwokeji Blessing C.Onuoha Simon O.Nwanjor Joel Okeke Kate Osahor Lilian Chimechefulam Ann I.Ogomaka Augustine A.Amaechi Chika I.Ezenwa Monika N.Ezike Chidimma I.kpeama Ogechi Nwachukwu Austine I.Eriama-Joseph Berthram E.B.Nwoke Robert Colebunders Global health Institute University of AntwerpCam pus Drie EikenDoornstraat 3312610 WilrijkAntwerpBelgium Imo State University OwerriNigeria Federal Medical Centre OwerriNigeria Madonna University Teaching hospital EleleNigeria Imo State Ministry of health OwerriNigeria

Background:high epilepsy prevalence and incidence have been reported in areas with high onchocerciasis *** findings suggest that proper community-directed treatment with ivermectin(CDTI)is potentially able to prevent onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy(OAE).We assessed the epilepsy prevalence and onchocerciasis transmission in two Nigerian villages following more than 20 years of ***:A cross-sectional door-to-door survey was performed in two villages in the Imo River Basin reported to be mesoendomic for onchocerciasis(Umuoparaodu and Umuezeala).Individuals were screened for epilepsy using a validated 5-item *** suspected to have epilepsy were examined by a neurologist or a physician with training in epilepsy for *** was investigated via skin snip microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests for Ov16 *** were compared with previous findings from the Imo river ***:A total of 843 individuals from 257 households in the two villages were *** detected four persons with epilepsy(PWE)giving a crude epilepsy prevalence of 0.5%.This finding differs from observations reported 14 years ago which showed an epilepsy prevalence of 2.8%in the neighbouring village of Umulolo(P=0.0001),and 1.2%from 13 villages in the Imo river basin(P=0.07).The seroprevalence of Ov16 antibodies was found to be 0%.Only 4.6%of skin snips were positive compared to 26.8%in previous surveys(Phe study sites in 2017 was 79.7%.Conclusions:A low epilepsy and onchocerciasis prevalence was observed following more than 20 years of CDTI in the Imo River *** of Ov16 antibodies indicates minimal transmission of *** results contrast with observations from areas of high onchocerciasis transmission,where epilepsy prevalence and incidence remain *** from this study suggest that sustained efforts could eventually achieve elimination of onch

关键词： Epilepsy Onchocerciasis Nigeria Ivermectin Ov16

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美术真说

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美育学刊 2021年第3期12卷 36-45页

作者： [美]费诺罗萨(演讲) [日]大森惟中(笔记) 朱亮亮(译) 吴键(校) 不详北京大学艺术学院北京100871 北京师范大学艺术与传媒学院北京100875

美术发展有其隆替消长的过程,西方与日本美术当时都处于衰落期,亟待振兴。对此首先需明确艺术之本质,其本质不在于技术精巧、愉悦心灵与再现自然,而在于“妙想”。艺术品各要素间相互依赖而构成之内在关系,令人生出完美之感,即为艺术之... 详细信息

美术发展有其隆替消长的过程,西方与日本美术当时都处于衰落期,亟待振兴。对此首先需明确艺术之本质,其本质不在于技术精巧、愉悦心灵与再现自然,而在于“妙想”。艺术品各要素间相互依赖而构成之内在关系,令人生出完美之感,即为艺术之妙想。由此,绘画欲臻至善美,需具备如下十种要素,也即“十格”:线条、浓淡、色彩、旨趣之佳丽,线条、浓淡、色彩、旨趣之凑合,意匠之力与技艺之力。从此“十格”出发加以评价,日本画胜于西洋画,亦胜于文人画。而振兴日本美术,可以从设立美术学校,奖掖资助画家,教导普通大众等措施入手。

关键词：《美术真说》费诺罗萨龙池会妙想

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利用短波红外高光谱成像技术检测洋葱酸皮病(Burkholderia cepacia)

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保鲜与加工 2012年第3期 55-55页

作者： ernest W.Tollner Ronald D.Gitaitis Glen C.Rains Biological and Agricultural Engineering University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA Plant Pathology Department University of GeorgiaTiftonGA 31793USA Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering University of GeorgiaTiftonGA 31793USA

酸皮病是一种重要的洋葱采后病害,对洋葱的采后生产造成了巨大的经济损失。本研究利用短波红外高光谱成像系统对洋葱采后酸皮病进行检测,分别从健康的和已感染酸皮病的洋葱上采集高光谱反射图像（950;650 nm）,通过对两种洋葱的光谱进... 详细信息

酸皮病是一种重要的洋葱采后病害,对洋葱的采后生产造成了巨大的经济损失。本研究利用短波红外高光谱成像系统对洋葱采后酸皮病进行检测,分别从健康的和已感染酸皮病的洋葱上采集高光谱反射图像（950;650 nm）,通过对两种洋葱的光谱进行主成分分析的结果表明,洋葱的颈部区域在1 070、1 400 nm波长下对酸皮病的发生最具指示性。采用两种最佳波长下获得的对数比率图像对两种不同的图像进行分析研究。第一种分析方法是利用全局阈值（0.45）将感染酸皮病的图像区域从对数比率图像中分离出来,通过对分离图像区域的象元素进行Fisher判别分析,可辨别出80%感染酸皮病的洋葱。第二种分析方法是从对数比率图像上获得三个参数（最大值、对比度及匀质性）,再将这三个参数作为输入特征向量导入到支持向量机（Gaussian kernel,γ=1.5）中,利用这种方法,可辨别出87.14%感染酸皮病的洋葱。应用本研究结果可进一步开发出一种多光谱成像系统,用于洋葱包装流水线上酸皮病的检测。

关键词：洋葱食品质量与安全高光谱成像酸皮病对数比率图像支持向量机

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不可征服

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时代英语（高一版） 2018年第1期 1-1页

作者：威廉·欧内斯特·亨利

透过覆盖我的深夜，我看见层层无底的黑暗。感谢上帝曾赐我，不可征服的灵魂。

关键词：高中英语课外阅读阅读材料

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如何创造可信的AI

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财经天下 2020年第10期 80-80页

作者： [美]盖瑞·马库斯 [美]欧内斯特·戴维斯龙志勇(译) 不详

当下的AI存在哪些风险?真的有可信的AI吗?理想的AI与现实的AJ之间究竟存在哪些差距?如何构建人类和AI之间的信任?关于人T智能的炒作总是甚嚣尘上,但要得到真正可信的AI,却远比想象的要复杂得多,超级智能的时代还远没有到来。创造真正可... 详细信息

当下的AI存在哪些风险?真的有可信的AI吗?理想的AI与现实的AJ之间究竟存在哪些差距?如何构建人类和AI之间的信任?关于人T智能的炒作总是甚嚣尘上,但要得到真正可信的AI,却远比想象的要复杂得多,超级智能的时代还远没有到来。创造真正可信的AI需要赋予机器常识和深度理解,而不是简单地统计分析数据。本书勾勒了未来人工智能发展的最佳路线图,对当前人工智能的现状进行了清晰且客观的评估。

关键词：人工智能 AI 深度理解路线图超级智能可信分析数据

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