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马来西亚华文教育面对的问题和挑战:以华文小学与国民型华文中学为例

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八桂侨刊 2024年第1期 76-85,96页

作者： [马来西亚]祝家丰马来亚大学中文系

马来西亚华文教育的水平和素质深获各国学者的认可,但是其华文教育依然面对各种问题和挑战。除了受制于国家教育政策,马来西亚华文教育必须面对全球化和英语至上所带来的挑战。通过探讨当今华文小学与国民型华文中学所面对的各种问题,... 详细信息

马来西亚华文教育的水平和素质深获各国学者的认可,但是其华文教育依然面对各种问题和挑战。除了受制于国家教育政策,马来西亚华文教育必须面对全球化和英语至上所带来的挑战。通过探讨当今华文小学与国民型华文中学所面对的各种问题,发现近年来华小学生总人数逐步下滑、华小的微型化、非华裔生日益增多、学生中途转校日增和政府增派“交际华语”教师到华小。国民型华文中学则面对校长难寻、华裔教师越来越少和华校特征难以维持的问题。

关键词：马来西亚华人华文教育华文小学国民型华文中学

Effect of Si addition on microstructure and wear properties of Mg-Sn as-cast alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2018年第4期6卷 384-389页

作者： Erdem Karakulak Yusuf Burak Küçüker Kocaeli University Faculty of EngineeringDepartment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering41380 KocaeliTurkey AKKAR Silah Sanayi Orhanli Mah.34956 IstanbulTurkey BCAST Brunel University London UxbridgeMiddlesex UB83PHUK

Effect of Si addition on microstructure,hardness and wear resistance of as cast Mg-5Sn and Mg-10Sn alloys were *** this purpose alloys with wt.-%0,0.5,1,1.5 Si were cast using an induction *** of Si to both alloys caused an increasement in the amount of intermetallic phases at the grain *** refined grain structure was reported with increasing Si content in the cast *** increased amount of intermetallics and decreased grain size caused an increase in the hardness of the *** resistance of the binary alloys first increased with Si addition and then *** amounts of Si in the alloys caused crack formation during wear tests and decreased wear *** speed also has a dramatical effect on the wear resistance of the *** sliding speed resulted with higher wear *** surfaces of the alloys also investigated under scanning electron microscope to understand the wear mechanisms operated during wear tests.

关键词： Magnesium Casting Microstructure Hardness Wear

Leptin in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2010年第46期16卷 5801-5809页

作者： Shen-Nien Wang King Teh Lee Chen-guo ker Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery Department of SurgeryKaohsiung Medical University Hospital Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineCollege of MedicineKaohsiung Medical University Cancer Center Department of SurgeryKaohsiung Medical University Hospital Department of Surgery Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital graduate Institute of Medicine College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical University

The risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development have been established,and include chronic hepatitis B and C,heavy alcohol consumption,and *** fact,5%-30% of patients with HCC still lack a readily identifiable risk *** has been reported that the majority of "cryptogenic" HCC may be attributed to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,the hepatic presentation of the metabolic syndrome (MS).Obesity is associated with the development of the ***,adipose tissue has been considered as an endocrine organ because of its capacity to secrete a variety of cytokines,which are collectively known as the ***,the product of the obese gene,is mainly produced by adipose *** leptin was first characterized in 1994,accumulated literature has demonstrated the involvement of this adipokine in several areas of human *** binding to its receptor,leptin initiates a cascade of signaling events and subsequent cellular *** addition to being the regulatory mediator of energy homeostasis,several in vitro studies have demonstrated the fibrogenic role of leptin in the ***,the deregulated expression of leptin and its receptor have been demonstrated to be associated with a variety of metabolic disorders as well as human *** importantly,direct evidence supporting the inhibitory and/or activating role of leptin in the process of carcinogenesis and progression of human HCC has been accumulating *** review aims to provide important insights into the potential mechanisms of leptin in the development of ***,further investigations will shed light on a new therapeutic target in HCC.

关键词： Adipokine Hepatocellular carcinoma Leptin Liver cirrhosis Metabolic syndrome Obesity Steatohepatitis

0N THE COMpLEXITY OF AN OpTIMAL ROUTINg TREE pROBLEM

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 1989年第1期5卷 68-80页

作者：堵丁柱 ker-IKo Institute of Applied Mathematics Academia Sinica State University of New York at Stony Brook U.S.A. routing tree for a set of tasks is a decision tree which assigns the tasks to their destinationsaccording to the features of the tasks. A weighted routing tree is one with costs attached to each linkof the tree. Links of the same feature have the same cost. It is proved that the problem of finding ?routing tree of the minimum cost for a given set of tasks of two features is NP-complete.

A routing tree for a set of tasks is a decision tree which assigns the tasks to their destinationsaccording to the features of the tasks. A weighted routing tree is one with costs attached to each linkof the tree. Links of the same feature have the same cost. It is proved that the problem of finding ?routing tree of the minimum cost for a given set of tasks of two features is Np-complete.

关键词： node Th THE COMpLEXITY OF AN OpTIMAL ROUTINg TREE pROBLEM

Network meta-analysis of the prognosis of curative treatment strategies for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第2期15卷 258-272页

作者： Jen-Lung Chen Yaw-Sen Chen Chen-guo ker Department of general Surgery E-Da HospitalI-Shou UniversityKaohsiung 824Taiwan Department of Surgery School of MedicineI-Shou UniversityKaohsiung 824Taiwan

BACKgROUND Recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma(rHCC)is a common outcome after curative *** for rHCC is recommended,but no guidelines *** To compare curative treatments such as repeated hepatectomy(RH),radiofrequency ablation(RFA),transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)and liver transplantation(LT)for patients with rHCC after primary hepatectomy by conducting a network meta-analysis(NMA).METHODS From 2011 to 2021,30 articles involving patients with rHCC after primary liver resection were retrieved for this *** Q test was used to assess heterogeneity among studies,and Egger’s test was used to assess publication *** efficacy of rHCC treatment was assessed using disease-free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS).RESULTS From 30 articles,a total of 17,11,8,and 12 arms of RH,RFA,TACE,and LT subgroups were collected for *** plot analysis revealed that the LT subgroup had a better cumulative DFS and 1-year OS than the RH subgroup,with an odds ratio(OR)of 0.96(95%CI:0.31-2.96).However,the RH subgroup had a better 3-year and 5-year OS compared to the LT,RFA,and TACE *** step diagram of different subgroups measured by the Wald test yielded the same results as the forest plot *** had a better 1-year OS(OR:1.04,95%CI:0.34-03.20),and LT was inferior to RH in 3-year OS(OR:10.61,95%CI:0.21-1.73)and 5-year OS(OR:0.95,95%CI:0.39-2.34).According to the predictive p score evaluation,the LT subgroup had a better DFS,and RH had the best ***,meta-regression analysis revealed that LT had a better DFS(pp=0.881)and 5-year OS(p=0.188).The differences in superiority between DFS and OS were due to the different testing methods *** According to this NMA,RH and LT had better DFS and OS for rHCC than RFA and ***,treatment strategies should be determined by the recurrent tumor characteristics,the patient’s general health status,and the care program at each institution.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Recurrence Network meta-analysis Curative treatment Outcome Survival rate

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捕捉巴厘岛的圣洁与平凡

Endovascular treatment of patients with high-risk symptomatic intracranial vertebrobasilar stenoses:long-term outcomes

优雅 2024年第1期

作者：刘尚 Anna Dorothea ker Zissou

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2019年第5期4卷 182-188页

作者： Tanja Djurdjevic AndréCunha Ursula Schulz Dennis Briley peter Rothwell Wilhelm Küker Neuroradiology Medical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria Department of Neuroradiology Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK Department of Neuroradiology Centro Hospitalar Gaia/EspinhoVila Nova de GaiaPortugal Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of OxfordOxfordUK Neurology Stoke Mandeville HospitalAylesburyBuckinghamshireUK

background and purpose We present the long-term outcome after endovascular treatment of symptomatic intracranial posterior circulation *** 30 patients with symptomatic intracranial posterior circulation stenoses exceeding 70% underwent endovascular treatment between 2006 and *** regarding presentation,follow-up,procedure details,complications and imaging follow-up were *** surviving patients underwent a phone interview to establish their current Modified Ranking Scales(MRS).results Stenoses of the intracranial vertebral artery(24 patients)and basilar artery(6 patients)were treated with stents(10 patients),angioplasty alone(13 patients)or both(5 patients).Two procedures *** patient(3.3%)died after the procedure,two had stroke(6.6%)and one a subarachnoid haemorrhage without ensuing *** patients(6.7%)had asymptomatic complications(dissection and pseudoaneurysm).The median clinical follow-up time was 7 *** the 29 patients who survived the procedure,6 died due to unrelated *** patients(10%)had recurrent strokes and two(6.7%)a transient ischaemic attack in the posterior *** patients had subsequent middle cerebral artery ***(16.7%)patients had recurrent stenoses and three(10%)occlusions of the treated *** was performed in six patients,three(10%)with pTA and three(10%)with *** MRS scores were as follows:nine MRS 0,eight MRS 1,four MRS 2 and one MRS *** Long-term follow-up after endovascular treatment of high-risk symptomatic intracranial posterior circulation stenoses shows few stroke *** of intracranial vertebral artery stenosis may be beneficial in appropriately selected patients.

关键词： patients intracranial treatment

Hypothetical hypoxia-driven rapid disease progression in hepatocellular carcinoma post transarterial chemoembolization:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第19期11卷 4664-4669页

作者： Kai-Fuan Yeo Amy ker pei-En Kao Chi-Chih Wang Division of gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineChung Shan Medical University HospitalTaichung 402306Taiwan China School of Medicine Chung Shan Medical UniversityTaichung 402306TaiwanChina

BACKgROUND Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is widely performed for intermediatestage or unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),but approximately half of patients do not respond to TACE *** describe a case of rapidly progressing of HCC after TACE and provide a possible hypothesis for this *** finding may contribute to identifying patients who obtain less benefit from TACE,thus avoiding the unnecessary waste of medical resources and treatment during the golden hour *** SUMMARY A 61-year-old woman had been diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B infection and HCC at Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B,which had been treated by segmental hepatectomy 14 mo *** tumor recurred in the two months after *** received an initial TACE and then underwent systemic therapy with lenvatinib 8 mg daily due to an increased level of alpha-fetoprotein(AFp)after the first ***,the tumor continued to progress with an increased level of AFp,and she underwent a second TACE,after which the tumor volume did not obviously decrease on the contrast-enhanced computed tomography *** month later,she had a third TACE to control the residual HCC *** weeks after that,the HCC had increased dramatically with tea-colored urine and yellowish skin ***,the patient refused further treatment and went into hospice *** Intense hypoxia induced by TACE can trigger rapid disease progression in infiltrative HCC patients with a large tumor burden.

关键词： Carcinoma hepatocellular Transarterial chemoembolization Tumor hypoxia Disease progression Tumor burden Case report

COMpUTATIONAL COMpLEXITY OF INTEgRATION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF CONVEX FUNCTIONS

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Systems Science and Mathematical Sciences 1989年第1期2卷 70-79页

作者：堵丁柱 ker-I Ko Institute of Applied Mathematics Academia SinicaBeijingChina Department of Computer Science SUNY at Stony Brood U.S.A

In this paper,we study the computational complexity of the integrals and the derivatives ofconvex functions defined on the interval [0,1].

关键词： Computational complexity convex function maximal value polynomial time