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Using a temporal phylogenetic method to harmonize familyand genus-level classification in the largest clade of lichen-forming fungi

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第3期84卷 101-117页

作者： Pradeep K.Divakar Ana Crespo Ekaphan Kraichak Steven D.Leavitt Garima Singh Imke schmitt H.Thorsten Lumbsch Departamento de Biología Vegetal II Facultad de FarmaciaUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040 MadridSpain Department of Botany Faculty of ScienceKasetsart UniversityBangkokThailand Department of Biology and M.L.Bean Life Science Museum Brigham Young University4102 Life Science BuildingProvoUT 84602USA Department of Biological Sciences Institute of EcologyEvolution and DiversityGoethe Universitat and Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre(BiK-F)Frankfurt am MainGermany Science&Education The Field MuseumChicagoILUSA

Although classification at supra-specific ranks is inherently arbitrary,comparable taxonomic ranks within clades can facilitate more consistent classifications and objective comparisons among *** circumscriptions of the hyper-diverse lichen-forming fungal family Parmeliaceae and widely different generic circumscriptions among authors have been *** this study,we use a recently developed temporal approach that uses timecalibrated chronograms to identify temporal bands for specific ranks in Parmeliaceae and allied groups with the overarching goal of establishing a consistent,stable classification.A data set of 330 species,representing 73 genera in the family and 52 species of related families was used to address the circumscription of Parmeliaceae and its genera following the proposed temporal *** on the results of this study,we propose a revised,temporal-based classification for Parmeliaceae,including all clades that share a common ancestor 102.13–112.88 Ma for families and a time window of 29.45–32.55 Ma for *** of the currently accepted genera in Parmeliaceae were supported in their current *** subfamilies are accepted within Parmeliaceae:Protoparmelioideae Divakar et ***.,including Protoparmelia and the resurrected genus Maronina,and Parmelioideae,including the bulk of genera in the *** new genus Austromelanelixia Divakar et *** proposed to accommodate a clade of southern Hemisphere species previously included in *** and tentatively Dolichousnea are resurrected as genera separate from *** following genera are reduced to synonymy:Allocetraria,Cetrariella,Usnocetraria,and Vulpicida with Cetraria;Arctocetraria,Cetreliopsis,Flavocetraria,Kaernefeltia,Masonhalea,Tuckermanella,and Tuckermannopsis with Nephromopsis;and the lichenicolous genera Nesolechia and Raesaenenia with the lichen-forming genera Punctelia and Protousnea,respectively.A total of 47 new combinations and

关键词： Ascomycota Gypsoplacaceae Lecanorales Lichenized fungi Parmeliaceae Phylogeny Protoparmelia Taxonomy Taxonomicranks

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Surface Crack Network Detection on MgO-based Refractory Castable by Digital Image Correlation

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China's Refractories 2015年第1期24卷 32-37页

作者： Rafael Goncalves de Moraes SARACURA Rodrigo Bresciani CANTO Victor Carlos POLFELLI Nicolas schmitt Francois HILD Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of Sao Carlos Laboratoire de Mecaniqueet Technologie ENS Cachan / CNRS / PRES UniverSud Paris Universite Paris-Est Creteil Val de Marne

A preliminary application of the digital image correlation（ DIC） is presented aiming to detect and analyze crack networks which are induced by stresses arising during curing and drying（ CD） of Mg O containing refractory castable slabs. Surface images of castable samples placed in a specially designed climatic chamber were recorded over the CD stages with a digital camera and processed by the DIC technique to measure the displacement fields. Post-processing DIC results were carried out to estimate the length,orientation and opening of cracks in the networks. The methodology is highlighted and the first experimental results are shown pointing out its future potential to better understand the effect of the physical aspects（ particle size,chemical analysis,temperature,etc.） and the structural ones（ slab shape and size） on processing and performance of advanced refractory castables.

关键词： crack detection DIC refractory castable

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Cervical inlet patch-optical coherence tomography imaging and clinical significance

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第20期18卷 2502-2510页

作者： Chao Zhou Tejas Kirtane Tsung-Han Tsai Hsiang-Chieh Lee Desmond C Adler Joseph M schmitt Qin Huang James G Fujimoto Hiroshi Mashimo Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139-4307 United States Gastroenterology Section VA Boston Healthcare System/Harvard School of Medicine 150 S. Huntington Avenue Boston MA 02131 United States Light Lab Imaging-St Jude Medical Inc. Westford MN 55117-9983 United States

AIM:To demonstrate the feasibility of optical coherence tomography(OCT)imaging in differentiating cervical inlet patch(CIP)from normal esophagus,Barrett'sesophagus(BE),normal stomach and duodenum. METHODS:This study was conducted at the Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System(VABHS).Patients undergoing standard esophagogastroduodenoscopy at VABHS,including one patient with CIP,one representative patient with BE and three representative normal subjects were *** light video endoscopy was performed and endoscopic 3D-OCT images were obtained in each patient using a prototype OCT *** OCT imaging probe passes through the working channel of the endoscope to enable simultaneous video endoscopy and 3D-OCT examination of the human gastrointestinal(GI)*** hematoxylin and eosin(H and E)histology was performed on biopsy or endoscopic mucosal resection specimens in order to compare and validate the 3D-OCT data. RESULTS:CIP was observed from a 68-year old male with gastroesophageal reflux *** CIP region appeared as a pink circular lesion in the upper esophagus under white light *** imaging over the CIP region showed columnar epithelium structure,which clearly contrasted the squamous epithelium structure from adjacent normal esophagus.3D-OCT images obtained from other representative patients demonstrated distinctive patterns of the normal esophagus,BE,normal stomach,and normal duodenum ***,such as squamous epithelium,lamina propria, muscularis mucosa,muscularis propria,esophageal glands,Barrett's glands,gastric mucosa,gastric glands, and intestinal mucosal villi were clearly observed with OCT and matched with H and E *** results demonstrated the feasibility of using OCT to evaluate GI tissue morphology in situ and in real-time. CONCLUSION:We demonstrate in situ evaluation of CIP microstructures using 3D-OCT,which may be a useful tool for future diagnosis and follow-up of patients with CIP.

关键词：扫描成像光学相干断层扫描临床意义视频内窥镜微观结构进口颈椎

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Diamond＋schmitt Architects戴蒙＆史密特建筑师事务所

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建筑技术及设计 2008年第2期 24-31页

作者： Diamond + schmitt Architects Steven Evans(摄)

戴蒙＆史密特建筑师事务所（Diamond＋schmitt Architects）成立于1975年，目前包括14位主创建筑师，68名设计人员。该建筑师事务所榜列英国皇家建筑师协会（RIBA）200家世界项级建筑师事务所之中，并凭借他们对每个项目所处的环境的理... 详细信息

戴蒙＆史密特建筑师事务所（Diamond＋schmitt Architects）成立于1975年，目前包括14位主创建筑师，68名设计人员。该建筑师事务所榜列英国皇家建筑师协会（RIBA）200家世界项级建筑师事务所之中，并凭借他们对每个项目所处的环境的理解和创新性的建筑诠释，以及优秀的设计方法，而得到客户的认可。

关键词：建筑师事务所设计人员设计方法客户

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Control of an Industrial SCR Catalyst Using Ceramic NOx Sensors

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Energy and Power Engineering 2011年第3期3卷 317-324页

作者： Joshua schmitt Daniel B. Olsen 不详

Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalysts respond slowly to transient inputs, which is troublesome when designing ammonia feed controllers. An experimental SCR test apparatus installed on a slipstream of a Coo-per-Bessemer GMV-4, 2-stroke cycle natural gas engine is utilized. Ammonia (NH3) feed rate control algo-rithm development is carried out. Two control algorithms are evaluated: a feed forward control algorithm, using a pre ammonia injection ceramic NOx sensor and a feed forward plus feedback control algorithm, us-ing a pre ammonia injection ceramic NOx sensor and post catalyst ceramic NOx sensor to generate feedback signals. The feed forward algorithm controls to constant user input NH3/NOx molar ratio. The data show the lack of pressure compensation on the ceramic NOx sensors cause errors in feed forward NOx readings, re-sulting in sub optimal ammonia feed. The feedback system minimizes the post catalyst ceramic NOx sensor signal by adjusting the NH3/NOx molar ratio. The NOx sensors respond to ammonia + NOx;therefore, the feed forward plus feedback algorithm minimizes the sum of NOx emissions and ammonia slip. Successful application of the feedback control minimization technique is demonstrated with feedback periods of 15 and 5 minutes with molar ratio step sizes of 5 and 2.5%, respectively.

关键词： SCR Selective Catalytic Reduction Ammonia Injection NOx Emissions NOx Sensor Minimization Algorithm

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Analysis of the nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway in experimental liver cirrhosis suggests phosphodiesterase-5 as potential target to treat portal hypertension

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第38期24卷 4356-4368页

作者： Denise Schaffner Adhara Lazaro Peter Deibert Peter Hasselblatt Patrick Stoll Lisa Fauth Manfred W Baumstark Irmgard Merfort Annette schmitt-Graeff Wolfgang Kreisel Institute for Exercise-und Occupational Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburg 79106Germany Department of Medicine II GastroenterologyHepatologyEndocrinologyand Infectious DiseasesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburg 79106Germany Anaesthesiological Practice Freiburg 79104Germany Institute of Clinical Pathology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburg 79106Germany Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology University of FreiburgFreiburg 79104Germany

AIM To investigate the potential effect of inhibitors of phosphodiesterase-5(PDE-5) for therapy of portal hypertension in liver *** In the rat model of thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis/cirrhosis the nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate(NO-cGMP) pathway was investigated. Expression and localization of PDE-5, the enzyme that converts vasodilating cGMP into inactive 5'-GMP, was in the focus of the study. Hepatic gene expression of key components of the NO-cGMP pathway was determined by qRT-PCR: Endothelial NO synthase(eNOS), inducible NO synthase(iNOS), soluble guanylate cyclase subunits α1 and β1(sGCa1, sGCb1), and PDE-5. Hepatic PDE-5 protein expression and localization were detected by immunohistochemistry. Serum cGMP concentrations were measured using ELISA. Acute effects of the PDE-5 inhibitor Sildenafil(0.1 mg/kg or 1.0 mg/kg) on portal and systemic hemodynamics were investigated using pressure *** Hepatic gene expression of eNOS(2.2-fold; P = 0.003), sGCa1(1.7-fold; P = 0.003), sGCb1(3.0-fold; P = 0.003), and PDE-5(11-fold; P = 0.003) was increased in cirrhotic livers compared to healthy livers. Overexpression of PDE-5(7.7-fold; P = 0.006) was less pronounced in fibrotic livers. iNOS expression was only detected in fibrotic and cirrhotic livers. In healthy liver, PDE-5 protein was localized primarily in zone 3 hepatocytes and to a lesser extent in perisinusoidal cells. This zonation was disturbed in cirrhosis: PDE-5 protein expression in perisinusoidal cells was induced approximately 8-fold. In addition, PDE-5-expressing cells were also found in fibrous septa. Serum cGMP concentrations were reduced in rats with cirrhotic livers by approximately 40%. Inhibition of PDE-5 by Sildenafil caused a significant increase in serum cGMP concentrations [+ 64% in healthy rats(P = 0.024), + 85% in cirrhotic rats(P = 0.018)]. Concomitantly, the portal venous pressure was reduced by 19% in rats with liver cirrhosis. CONCLUSION Overexpres

关键词： Portal hypertension Thioacetamide Nitric oxide Liver cirrhosis Cyclic guanosine monophosphate Phosphodiesterase-5 Sildenafil Hepatic stellate cells Metabolic zonation

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ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTAL HOMOGENEOUS TURBULENCE TIME SERIES BY HILBERT-HUANG TRANSFORM

ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTAL HOMOGENEOUS TURBULENCE TIME SERIES ...

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庆祝中国力学学会成立50周年暨中国力学学会学术大会’2007

作者： FRANCOIS G.schmitt CNRS Lab ELICOFRE 2816Wimereux Marine StationUniversité des Sciences et Technologies de Lille-Lille 128 av.Foch62930 WimereuxFrance

In this paper Hilbert-Huang transform(HHT) is used to analyze experimental homogeneous turbulence time *** time seres is measured from a turbulent flow with a large Reynolds number(Re=720).After decomposition,the original velocity time seres is separated into several intrinsic *** Fourier power spectrum reveals a wide inertial range with a classical -5/3 Kolmogorov power-law *** the Fourier

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Multimodal nonlinear imaging of atherosclerotic plaques differentiation of triglyceride and cholesterol deposits

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2014年第5期7卷 114-123页

作者： Christian Matthäus Riccardo Cicchi Tobias Meyer Annika Lattermann Michael schmitt Bernd F.M.Romeike Christoph Krafft Benjamin Dietzek Bernhard R.Brehm Francesco S.Pavone Jürgen Popp Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology(IPHT-Jena)Albert Einstein Straβe 9 0T145 JerlaGermany Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller University Jena Helmholtzweg 407743 JenaGermany National Institute of Optics National Research Council(INO-CNR)Largo E.Fermi 6-50125FlorenceItaly European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy(LENS)University of Florence Via Nello Carrara 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino(Firenze)Italy Clinic for Internal Medicine Jena University Hospital Friedrich-Schiller-UniversityErlanger Allee 10107747 JenaGermany Institute of Pathology Department of Neuropathology Jena University Hospital-Friedrich-Schiller-University Erlanger Allee 1010140 JenaGermany Catholic Clinic-Koblenz Intermal Medicine&Cardiology Rudolf Virchow Str.956073 KoblenzGermany

Cardiovascular diseases in general and atherothrombosis as the most common of its individualdisease entities is the leading cause of death in the developed ***,visualizationand characterization of inner arterial plaque composition is of vital diagnostic interest,especilly for the early recognition of vulnerable *** clinical techniques provide valuablemorphological information but cannot deliver information about the chemicai composition ofindividual ***,spectroscopic imaging techniques have recently drawn consider-able *** on the spectroscopic properties of the individual plaque components,as forinstance diferent types of lipids,the composition of atherosclerotic plaques can be analyzedqualitatively as well as ***,we compare the feasibility of multimodal nonlinearimaging combining,two-photon fluorescence(TPF),coherent anti-Stokes Raman scatering(CARS)and second-hamonic generation(SHG)microscopy to contrast composition and mor-phology of lipid deposits against the surrounding matrix of connective tissue with diffractionlimited spatial *** this contribution,the spatial distribution of major constituents of the arterial wall and atherosclerotic plaques like elastin,collagen,triglycerides and cholesterol can be simultaneously visualized by a combination of nonlinear imaging methods,providing a powerful label-free complement to standard histopathological methods with great potential forin vivo application.

关键词： Nonlinear microscopy Raman spectroscopy atherosclerosis.

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Paul Klee, 1879-1940

Paul Klee, 1879-1940

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作者： (author.)Partsch Susanna (artist..1879-1940 )Klee Paul (translator.)schmitt-Thomas Hilary

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SOLUBILITY DATA OF LITHIUM SULFATE IN BINARY AND HIGHER SYSTEMS:COMPILATION AND CRITICAL EVALUATION

SOLUBILITY DATA OF LITHIUM SULFATE IN BINARY AND HIGHER SYST...

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第15届溶解度现象及相关相平衡过程国际会议

作者： schmitt J. Voigt W. Institute of Inorganic Chemistry TU Bergakademie Freiberg09596 FreibergGermany

＜正＞As a contribution to the IUPAC-NIST Solubility Data Series （SDS） data on the solubility of lithium sulfate in aqueous solutions have been collected and evaluated.

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