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Fiduciary Responsibility: Facilitating Public Trust in Automated Decision Making

Journal of social Computing 2022年第4期3卷 345-362页

作者： shannon B.Harper eric s.Weber Department of sociology and Criminal Justice Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA. Department of Mathematics Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA.

Automated decision-making systems are being increasingly deployed and affect the public in a multitude of positive and negative *** and private institutions use these systems to process information according to certain human-devised rules in order to address social problems or organizational *** research and real-world experience indicate that the public lacks trust in automated decision-making systems and the institutions that deploy *** recreancy theorem argues that the public is more likely to trust and support decisions made or influenced by automated decision-making systems if the institutions that administer them meet their fiduciary ***,often the public is never informed of how these systems operate and resultant institutional decisions are made.A“black box”effect of automated decision-making systems reduces the public’s perceptions of integrity and ***,the institutions administering these systems are less able to assess whether the decisions are *** result is that the public loses the capacity to identify,challenge,and rectify unfairness or the costs associated with the loss of public goods or *** current position paper defines and explains the role of fiduciary responsibility within an automated decision-making *** formulate an automated decision-making system as a data science lifecycle(DsL)and examine the implications of fiduciary responsibility within the context of the *** responsibility within DsLs provides a methodology for addressing the public’s lack of trust in automated decision-making systems and the institutions that employ them to make decisions affecting the *** posit that fiduciary responsibility manifests in several contexts of a DsL,each of which requires its own mitigation of sources of *** instantiate fiduciary responsibility,a Los Angeles Police Department(LAPD)predictive policing case study is *** examine the de

关键词： trust artificial intelligence automated decision-making recreancy theorem fiduciary responsibility

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Effect of Baroclinicity on Vortex Axisymmetrization. Part Ⅱ:Baroclinic Basic Vortex

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2014年第6期31卷 1267-1278页

作者： Jiayi PENG Melinda s.PENG Tim LI eric HENDRICKs IMsG at Environmental Modeling Center NCEP/NOAA College Park Maryland USA Naval Research Laboratory Monterey California USA Department of Meteorology and IPRC University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu Hawaii USA

The effect of baroclinicity on vortex axisymmetrization is examined within a two-layer dynamical *** basic state vortices are constructed with varying degrees of baroclinicity：（i） barotropic,（ii） weak baroclinic,and （iii） strong *** linear and nonlinear evolution of wavenumber-2 baroclinic disturbances are examined in each of the three basic state *** results show that the radial propagating speed of the vortex Rossby wave at the lower level is larger with the stronger baroclinicity,resulting in a faster linear axisymmetrization process in the stronger baroclinic *** is found that the nonlinear axisymmetrization process takes the longest time in the strongest baroclinic vortex among the three different basic vortices due to the weaker kinetic energy transfer from asymmetric to symmetric circulations at the lower level.A major finding in this study is that the same initial asymmetric perturbation can have different effects on symmetric vortices depending on the initial vortex *** numerical weather prediction models,this implies that there exists a sensitivity of the subsequent structural and intensity change solely due to the specification of the initial vertical shear of the tropical cyclone vortex.

关键词： vortex axisymmetrization asymmetry baroclinicity

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First-principles calculation of intrinsic defect chemistry and self-doping in PbTe

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npj Computational Materials 2017年第1期3卷 106-114页

作者： Anuj Goyal Prashun Gorai eric s.Toberer Vladan stevanovic Colorado school of Mines GoldenCO 80401USA National Renewable Energy Laboratory GoldenCO 80401USA

semiconductor dopability is inherently limited by intrinsic defect *** many thermoelectric materials,narrow band gaps due to strong spin-orbit interactions make accurate atomic level predictions of intrinsic defect chemistry and self-doping computationally *** we use different levels of theory to model point defects in PbTe,and compare and contrast the results against each other and a large body of experimental *** find that to accurately reproduce the intrinsic defect chemistry and known self-doping behavior of PbTe,it is essential to(a)go beyond the semi-local GGA approximation to density functional theory,(b)include spin-orbit coupling,and(c)utilize many-body GW theory to describe the positions of individual band *** hybrid HsE functional with spin-orbit coupling included,in combination with the band edge shifts from G0W0 is the only approach that accurately captures both the intrinsic conductivity type of PbTe as function of synthesis conditions as well as the measured charge carrier concentrations,without the need for experimental *** results reaffirm the critical role of the position of individual band edges in defect calculations,and demonstrate that dopability can be accurately predicted in such challenging narrow band gap materials.

关键词： defect intrinsic doping

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Effect of Baroclinicity on Vortex Axisymmetrization. Part Ⅰ:Barotropic Basic Vortex

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2014年第6期31卷 1256-1266页

作者： Melinda s.PENG Jiayi PENG Tim LI eric HENDRICKs Naval Research Laboratory Monterey California USA IMsG at Environmental Modeling Center NCEP/NOAA College Park Maryland USA Department of Meteorology and IPRC University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu Hawaii USA

The barotropic and baroclinic disturbances axisymmetrized by the barotropic basic vortex are examined in an idealized modeling framework consisting of two *** a Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approach,the radial propagation of a baroclinic disturbance is shown to be slower than a barotropic disturbance,resulting in a slower linear axisymmetrization for baroclinic *** slower-propagating baroclinic waves also cause more baroclinic asymmetric kinetic energy to be transferred directly to the barotropic symmetric vortex than from barotropic disturbances,resulting in a faster axisymmetrization process in the nonlinear baroclinic wave case than in the nonlinear barotropic wave case.

关键词： vortex axisymmetrization asymmetry baroclinicity

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Introduction to the special Theme ＂Ethics and Religion in East Asian and Intercultural Philosophy＂

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2017年第4期12卷 511-514页

作者： eric s. Nelson Hong Kong University of science and Technology

1 Approaching East Asian and Intercultural PhilosophyIn contrast to its pre-modern interpretation in the West, still evident in early modern philosophers such as G. W. Leibniz and Christian Wolff, the conception of philosophy in Western modernity has been typically restricted and deformed in ethnocentric and ideological definitions as an intrinsically Western and occidental tradition that contradicts its own ostensibly universal aspirations.1 This questionable understanding of philosophy as a mythical unified self-unfolding transmission from ancient Greece to Western modernity developed in conjunction with the growth of Western colonialism and racial theorizing in the 18th- and 19th-centuries.

关键词： Introduction the special Theme "Ethics and Religion East Asian and Intercultural Philosophy"

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Introduction to the special Theme on Hegel in Intercultural and Critical Perspective

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2018年第4期13卷 479-482页

作者： eric s.Nelson The Hong Kong University of science and Technology

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Penile prosthesis implant in the special populations:diabetics,neurogenic conditions,fibrotic cases,concurrent urinary continence surgery,and salvage implants

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第1期22卷 39-44页

作者： eric Chung AndroUrology Centre BrisbaneQLD 4000Australia University of Queensland Princess Alexandra HospitalBrisbaneQLD 4000Australia Macquarie University Hospital SydneyNSW 2109Australia

Penile prosthesis implant(PPI)remains an effective and safe treatment option for men with erectile dysfunction(ED).However,PPI surgery can be associated with a higher risk of complications in certain *** article provides a critical review of relevant publications pertaining to PPI in men with diabetes,significant corporal fibrosis,spinal cord injury,concurrent continence surgery,and complex salvage *** discussion of each category of special populations includes a brief review of the surgical challenges and a practical action-based set of *** specific patient populations posed considerable challenges in PPI surgery,strict pre-and postoperative management coupled with safe surgical practice is a prerequisite to achieving excellent clinical outcomes and high patient satisfaction rate.

关键词： continence surgery diabetes erectile dysfunction penile prosthesis implant Peyronie’s disease priapism salvage surgery spinal cord injury

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Chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: opportunities for advancement

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2016年第9期35卷 438-440页

作者： Mani Akhtari eric H.Bernicker Bin s.Teh Department of Radiation Oncology Houston Methodist Hospital Cancer Center and Research Institute Weil Cornell Medical College Department of Radiation Oncology The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston Cancer Center Thoracic Medical Oncology Houston Methodist Hospital

Locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NsCLC) continues to be a challenging disease to treat. With high rates of both local and distant failures, there is signiicant interest in inding more biologically active chemotherapy regimens that can contribute to reduce both failures. The phase III PROCLAIM trial, recently published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology entitled "PROCLAIM: randomized phase III trial of pemetrexed–cisplatin or etoposide–cisplatin plus thoracic radiation therapy followed by consolidation chemotherapy in locally advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer", compared two diferent chemotherapy regimens given concurrently with radiotherapy in patients with stage III non-squamous lung cancer: pemetrexed plus cisplatin versus cisplatin plus etoposide. Both groups received consolidation chemotherapy. After enrolling 598 of planned 600 patients, the study was stopped early due to futility as no diference was seen in the primary end-point of overall survival. since PROCLAIM was designed as a superiority trial, these results suggest that pemetrexed regimens do not ofer a clinical advantage over standard cisplatin plus etoposide. There are some subpopulations who might still beneit from pemetrexed, especially if clinicians are concerned about myelosuppression-related adverse events. Future trials are needed to investigate novel biologic agents and irradiation techniques that can result in more durable local and distant disease control in locally advanced NsCLC.

关键词：非小细胞肺癌化疗放射治疗临床医生疾病控制 III 生物活性生物制剂

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Waveform LiDAR concepts and applications for potential vegetation phenology monitoring and modeling:a comprehensive review

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Geo-spatial Information science 2021年第2期24卷 179-200,I0001页

作者： eric Ariel L salas Agricultural Research Development Program(ARDP) Central State UniversityWilberforceUSA

Researchers continually demonstrated through published literature how LiDAR could create unparalleled measurements of ecosystem structure and forest *** are a number of studies conducted utilizing waveform LiDAR products for terrestrial monitoring,but those that deal specifically with the assessment of space-borne waveform LiDAR for monitoring and modeling of phenology is very *** review highlights the waveform LiDAR system and looks into satellite sensors that could link waveform LiDAR and vegetation phenology,such as the proposed NAsA’s Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation(GEDI)and the Japanese Experimental Module(JEM)-borne LiDAR sensor named MOLI(Multi-footprint Observation LIDAR and Imager).Further,this work examines the richness and utility of the waveform returns and proposes a spline-function-derived model that could be exploited for estimating the leaf-shooting *** new approach may be utilized for ecosystem-level phenological studies.

关键词： Ecosystems gedi moli phenology vegetation modeling waveform LiDAR

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Enhancement of THz generation in LiNbO_(3) waveguides via multi-bounce velocity matching

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Light(science & Applications) 2022年第12期11卷 2994-3001页

作者： Blake s.Dastrup eric R.sung Frank Wulf Clara saraceno Keith A.Nelson Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Ruhr University BochumBochum 44801Germany

To realize the full promise of terahertz polaritonics(waveguide-based terahertz field generation,interaction,and readout)as a viable spectroscopy platform,much stronger terahertz fields are needed to enable nonlinear and even robust linear terahertz *** use a novel geometric approach in which the optical pump is totally internally reflected to increase the distance over which optical rectification *** matching is achieved by tuning the angle of internal *** doing this,we are able to enhance terahertz spectral amplitude by over 10x compared to conventional single-pass terahertz *** analysis of the depletion mechanisms reveals that 3-photon absorption and divergence of the pump beam are the primary limiters of further *** level of enhancement is promising for enabling routine spectroscopic measurements in an integrated fashion and is made more encouraging by the prospect of further enhancement by using longer pump wavelengths.

关键词： pump waveguide tuning

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