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Suicidal Co-Degradation Interacting Factor 3 and of the Phytochrome Phytochrome B in Response to Light

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Molecular Plant 2014年第12期7卷 1709-1711页

作者： Ling Zhu enamul huq Department of Molecular Biosciences and the Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA

Since the discovery of the founding member of the Phytochrome Interacting Factors （PIF3）, PIFs have been shown to be ＇hubs＇ for multiple signaling pathways and have taken center stage in many conferences and publica- tions （Leivar and Monte, 2014）. PIF3 was originally discov- ered from a yeast two-hybrid screen using the C-terminal domain of a class of photoreceptor called phytochromes （phys） that specifically sense the red and far-red regions of ambient sunlight （Leivar and Quail, 2011）. The Arabiclopsis thaliana genome encodes five phytochromes （phyA-phyE） and seven PIFs （PIF1, PIF3-PIFS）（Leivar and Quail, 2011）.

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MAX2 Affects Multiple Hormones to Promote Photomorphogenesis

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Molecular Plant 2012年第3期5卷 750-762页

作者： Hui Shen Ling Zhu Qing-Yun Bu enamul huq Section of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology and the Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA

Ubiquitin-26S proteasome system （UPS） has been shown to play central roles in light and hormone-regulated plant growth and development. Previously, we have shown that MAX2, an F-box protein, positively regulates facets of photomorphogenic development in response to light. However, how MAX2 controls these responses is still unknown. Here, we show that MAX2 oppositely regulates GA and ABA biosynthesis to optimize seed germination in response to light. Dose-response curves showed that max2 seeds are hyposensitive to GA and hypersensitive to ABA in seed ger- mination responses. RT-PCR assays demonstrated that the expression of GA biosynthetic genes is down-regulated, while the expression of GA catabolic genes is up-regulated in the rnax2 seeds compared to wild-type. Interestingly, expression of both ABA biosynthetic and catabolic genes is up-regulated in the max2 seeds compared to wild-type. Treatment with an auxin transport inhibitor, NPA, showed that increased auxin transport in max2 seedlings contributes to the long hypocotyl phenotype under light. Moreover, light-signaling phenotypes are restricted to max2, as the biosynthetic mutants in the strigolactone pathway, max1, max3, and rnax4, did not display any defects in seed germination and seedling de-etiolation compared to wild-type. Taken together, these data suggest that MAX2 modulates multiple hormone pathways to affect photomorphogenesis.

关键词： Arabidopsis F-box protein photomorphogenesis protein degradation strigolactone SCF complex

Expanding Roles of PIFs in Signal Integration from Multiple Processes

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Molecular Plant 2017年第8期10卷 1035-1046页

作者： Inyup Paik Praveen Kumar Kathare Jeong-II Kim enamul huq Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA Department of Biotechnology and Kumho Life Science Laboratory Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186 Korea These authors contributed equally to this article.

PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORs （PIFs） are members of the basic helix-loop-helix （bHLH） family of transcription factors in Arabidopsis. Since their discovery in phytochrome-mediated light signaling pathways, recent studies have unraveled new functions of PIFs in integrating multiple signaling pathways not only through their role as transcription factors directly targeting gene expression but also by interacting with diverse groups of factors to optimize plant growth and development. These include endogenous （e.g., hormonal） as well as abiotic （light, circadian, and elevated temperature） and biotic （defense responses） pathways. PIFs interact with key factors in each of these pathways and tailor the outcome of the signal integration among these pathways. This review discusses the roles of PIFs as pivotal signal integrators in regulating plant growth and development.

关键词： circadian clock growth-defense tradeoff hormone signaling phytochrome-interacting factor ther-momorphogenesis signal integration

PCH1 and PCHL Directly Interact with PIF1,Promote Its Degradation,and Inhibit Its Transcriptional Function during Photomorphogenesis

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Molecular Plant 2020年第3期13卷 499-514页

作者： Mei-Chun Cheng Beatrix Enderle Praveen Kumar Kathare Rafya Islam Andreas Hiltbrunner enamul huq Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinNHB 2.616Stop A5000100 East 24th StreetAustinTX 78712-1095USA Institute of Biology II Faculty of BiologyUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany

PHOTOPERIODIC CONTROL OF HYPOCOTYL 1(PCH1)and PCH1-LIKE(PCHL)were shown to directly bind to phytochrome B(phyB)and suppress phyB thermal reversion,resulting in plants with dramatically enhanced light ***,we show that PCH1 and PCHL also positively regulate various light responses,including seed germination,hypocotyl gravitropism,and chlorophyll biosynthesis,by physically interacting with PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 1(PIF1)and CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHO-GENIC 1(COP1).PCH1 and PCHL interact with PIF1 both in the dark and light,and regulate PIF1 ***,PCH1 and PCHL facilitate the physical interaction between phyB and PIF1 in vivo to promote the light-induced degradation of ***1 and PCHL also inhibit the DNA-binding ability of PIF1 to negatively regulate the expressions of PIF1 target *** addition,PCH1 and PCHL interact with COP1 and undergo degradation through the 26S proteasome pathway in the ***,pch1 suppresses cop1 phenotype in ***,our study reveals a novel mechanism by which PCH1 and PCHL regulate diverse light responses not only by stabilizing phyB Pfrform but also by directly interacting with PIF1 and COP1,providing a molecular understanding of the control of hypocotyl growth by these proteins.

关键词： Arabidopsis phytochrome phytochrome interacting factor(PIF) photoperiodic growth protein degradation

光敏色素介导的光信号通路中令人兴奋的新发现

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Science Bulletin 2023年第11期68卷 1091-1094,M0003页

作者：蔡兴卜 enamul huq Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology The University of Texas at AustinAustin 78712USA

How organisms perceive and respond to their surrounding environment is a fundamental question in *** is particularly relevant to plants because of their sessile *** and temperature are two environmental factors that have profound effects on plant growth and *** have evolved intricate regulatory modules to translate these environmental signals into their developmental programs,from germination to flowering[1].Phytochromes(phys)are one such red/far-red light sensory photoreceptors ubiquitously present in organisms ranging from bacteria to plants[2].Phytochromes exist in the red light absorbing(Pr)form in darkness and are converted to a biologically active farred light absorbing(Pfr)form upon exposure to red *** Pfr form can be converted back to Pr form upon far-red light exposure,thus phytochromes are acting like light switches that can be turned“on”and“off”.

关键词：光敏色素 absorbing translate

光敏色素介导的光信号通路中令人兴奋的新发现（英文）

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Science Bulletin 2023年第11期 1091-1094页

作者：蔡兴卜 enamul huq Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology The University of Texas at Austin

How organisms perceive and respond to their surrounding environment is a fundamental question in biology. This is particularly relevant to plants because of their sessile nature. Light and temperature are two environmental factors that have profound effects on plant growth and development. Plants have evolved intricate regulatory modules to translate these environmental signals into their developmental programs, from germination to flowering [1].

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