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Real-world treatment patterns of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors: A claims database analysis

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第33期23卷 6128-6136页

作者： Al B Benson iii Michael S Broder Beilei Cai Eunice Chang Maureen P Neary Elya Papoyan Northwestern University Partnership for Health Analytic Research Novartis Pharmaceuticals

AIM To describe real-world treatment patterns of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors(GI NET).METHODS In this retrospective cohort study,we used 2009-2014 data from 2 United States commercial claims databases to examine newly pharmacologically treated patients using tabular and graphical techniques. Treatments included somatostatin analogues(SSA),cytotoxic chemotherapy(CC),targeted therapy(TT),interferon(IF) and combinations. We identified patients at least 18 years of age,with ≥ 1 inpatient or ≥ 2 outpatient claims for GI NET who initiated pharmacologic treatment from 7/1/09-6/30/14. A 6 mo clean period prior to first treatment ensured patients were newly treated. Patients were followed until end of enrollment or the study end date,whichever was *** We identified 2258 newly treated GI NET patients: mean(SD) age was 55.6 years(SD = 9.7),47.2% of the patients were between 55 and 64 years,and 48.8% were female. All regions of the United States were represented. 59.6% started first-line therapy with SSA monotherapy(964 with octreotide LAR,380 with octreotide SA,and 1 with lanreotide),33.3% CC,3.6% TT,and 0.5% IF. The remainder received combinations. Mean follow up was 576 d. Overall mean first-line therapy duration was 361 d(449 d for SSA,215 for CC,267 for TT). 58.9% of patients had no pharmacological treatment beyond first line. The most common secondline was combination therapy with SSA. In graphical pattern analysis,there was no clear pattern visible after first line *** In this study,60% of patients initiated treatment with SSA alone or in combination. The relatively long time to discontinuation suggests possible sustained effectiveness and tolerability.

关键词： Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors Treatment patterns Insurance claims Somatostatin analogue Targeted therapy Chemotherapy

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Introduction to management science Bernard W. Taylor iii. 8th ed.

Introduction to management science Bernard W. Taylor III.

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2004年

作者： Bernard W. Taylor iii.

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Adsorption Isotherm, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Modelling of Bacillus subtilisATCC13952 Mediated Adsorption of Arsenic in Groundwaters of Selected Gold Mining Communities in the Wassa West Municipality of the Western Region of Ghana

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2021年第5期12卷 121-161页

作者： emmanuel Agyapong Asare emmanuel Dartey Kofi Sarpong emmanuel Effah-Yeboah Papa Kofi Amissah-Reynolds Sheila Tagoe Gadafi Iddrisu Balali Department of Chemistry Education College of Agriculture Education Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development Mampong-Ashanti Ghana Department of Biological Sciences Education College of Agriculture Education Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development Mampong-Ashanti Ghana Department of Molecular Biology School of Biological Sciences College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

This study investigated Bacillus subtilis ATCC13952 as an adsorbent for arsenic in groundwater. Batch experiments were used to determine the effect of contact time, adsorbent dose, arsenic (iii) concentration, pH, and temperature on the process. The percentage of arsenic (iii) removed was high at a contact time of four days, 3.0 mL of Bacillus subtilis ATCC13952, pH 8 and temperature of 35°C. The kinetics of the process showed the Elovich kinetics model as the best fit for the process. This indicates that arsenic removal was by chemisorption. The analysis of the nonlinear equilibrium isotherms and the error functions showed the Langmuir isotherm as best fit for the process. Mechanistic study of the process indicated bulk diffusion to be the rate-determining step. Thermodynamically, the process was favourable, spontaneous and feasible. When the community water samples were treated with the Bacillus subtilis ATCC13952 at the optimum contact time, adsorbent dose, pH and temperature, 99.96% - 99.97% of arsenic was removed across all sampling points within the studied communities. Hence, the results show that Bacillus subtilis ATCC13952 is an efficient adsorbent for arsenic in aqueous systems and the organism appears to hold the key to purging the environment of arsenic contamination.

关键词： Adsorption Isotherms Bacillus subtilis ATCC13952 Kinetic Thermodynamic Nonlinear Error Functions Sum of the Normalized Errors Chemisorption

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The role of Cul in the siloxane-mediated Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of aryl iodides with aryl lithium reagents

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第1期32卷 441-444页

作者： Yu Chen Xiao Zhang Fang Liu Gucheng He Ju Zhang K.N.Houk Amos BSmith iii Yong Liang State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Department of Chemistry University of PennsylvaniaPA 19104United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of CaliforniaCA 90095United States

Experiments indicate that a catalytic amount of Cul plays an important role in the siloxane-mediated Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with the direct use of organolithium *** of organolithium to the siloxane transfer agent generates an organosilicon *** calculations indicate that Cul initially accelerates the Si-Pd(Ⅱ) transmetalation of the organosilicon intermediate by the formation of CuI_(2)^(-).Subsequently,CuI_(2)^(-)works as a shuttle between the Si-Cu(Ⅰ) and Cu(Ⅰ)-Pd(Ⅱ)transmetalation processes.

关键词： Cross-coupling CuI DFT calculation Reaction mechanism Transmetalation

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PRELIMINARY SCIENCE RESULTS FROM THE MARS PATHFINDER MISSION

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紫金山天文台台刊 1998年第2期 22-32页

作者： James F.Bell iii Nicolas Thomas the Mars Pathfinder Science Team Cornell University Department of Astronomy Ithaca NY 14853-6801 USAMax Planck Institute für Aeronomie D-37189 Katlenberg-Lindau Germany

The NASA Mars Pathfinder mission successfully carried out the first robotic exploration of the Martian surface since the Viking Lander missions of the late 1970s. The mission is one of the new "Discovery class"spacecraft designed t0 demonstrate the concepts of low cost, rapid development, innovative technology, and small science and operational teams. Pathfinder landed on Mars on July 4, 1997 near 19°N, 33°W, at the mouth of an ancient outflow channel. The mission operated for 83 days on the Martian surface, returning thousands of multispectral images, millions of meteorological measurements, chemical analyses of nearly 20 rock and soil samples, and data from a number of other engineering and technology experiments. Key scientific results from the initial analyses of the compositional and mineralogic data returned include: (1)Evidence that some rocks at the landing site may have higher Si content than"typical"terrestrial basalts or the SNC meteorites, possibly implying a greater degree of crustal

关键词：初步成果火星探测器天文台紫金山宋本

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Heat Related Illnesses

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中国运动医学杂志 2007年第6期26卷 755-762页

作者： Robert Carter iii Samuel N.Cheuvront Michael N.Sawka US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine

KEY POINTS Heat illnesses range in severity from mild(heat rash,heat syncope, cramps) to serious(heat exhaustion,heat injury,heat stroke).Although heat illness can occur in anyone,an increased risk is associated with a variety of environmental factors,personal characteristics,health conditions,and *** risk of serious heat illness can be markedly reduced by implementing a variety of countermeasures,including becoming acclimated to the heat,managing heat stress exposure,and maintaining ***,coaches,training staff,and medical personnel should be vigilant for signs and symptoms of heat related *** warning signs are acted upon and body cooling rapidly administered,serious heat illness can be *** heat stroke is suspected,rapid body cooling by immersion or soaking in cold water or ice water should be initiated.

关键词：热疾病热应激热衰竭热昏厥热痉挛流行病学危险因子

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A Novel Chromium(iii) Hybrid Salt, Triethylammonium Trans-Diaquabis(Oxalato-κ2O1,O2) Chromate(iii), (C6H16N)[Cr(C2O4)2(H2O) 2]: Synthesis, Spectroscopic Studies, Thermal Behavior and Crystal Structure

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Open Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2020年第4期10卷 39-51页

作者： Pierre R. Ndong Martin Signé Patrice T. Kenfack Yves A. Mbiangué Gouet Bebga emmanuel Wenger Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Chemistry Higher Teachers’ Training College University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Chemistry Higher Teacher Training College University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon CRM² Université de Lorraine CNRS Nancy France

A novel organic-inorganic chromium(iii) hybrid salt, triethylammonium trans-diaquabis(oxalato-κ2O1,O2)chromate(iii), (C6H16N)[Cr(C2O4)2(H2O)2] (1), has been synthesized in aqueous solution and characterized by elemental and thermal analyses, FTIR and UV-Vis spectroscopies, and by single crystal X-ray structure determination. Compound 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, Pbcn space group with the unit cell parameters a = 11.1776(10), b = 7.6105(10), c = 17.5654(2) Å, α = β = γ = 90°, V = 1494.24(3) Å3, Z = 4 and Z’ = 1/2. The structure of 1 consists of [Cr(C2O4)2(H2O)2]− mononuclear anions and triethylammonium [(C2H5)3NH]+ cations. In the anionic unit, the Criii ion is six coordinated, in a distorted octahedral geometry, by four equatorial O atoms of two oxalate anions acting as chelating ligands and two O atoms from trans-coordinated water molecules occupying the apical positions with longer metal-oxygen distances. In the solid, O-H … O and N-H … O intra and inter molecular hydrogen bonding interactions connect the components into a 3D network. The triethylammonium cations are disordered among two possible orientations with occupancies rates around 50% for C4, N1, C1a, C1b, C4ii, N1ii, C1aii, C1bii (ii = −x + 1, y,

关键词： Hybrid Salt Chromium(iii) Oxalate Complex Triethylammonium Static Disorder Spectroscopy Crystal Structure Thermal Study

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Association Analysis of the Amino Acid Contents in Rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2009年第12期51卷 1126-1137页

作者： Weiguo Zhao Eun-Jin Park Jong-Wook Chung Yong-Jin Park iii-Min Chung Joung-Kuk Ahn Gwang-Ho Kim Department of Appfied Bioscience Konkuk University Seou1143-701 Korea Seficultural Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang 212018 China Department of Plant Resources Coflege of Industrial Science Kongju National University Yesan 340-802 Korea

The main objective of the present study was to identify simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers associated with the amino acid content of rice （Oryza sativa L.）. SSR markers were selected by prescreening for the relationship to amino acid content. Eighty-four rice landrace accessions from Korea were evaluated for 16 kinds of amino acids in brown rice and ganotyped with 25 SSR markers. Analysis of population structure revealed four subgroups in the population. Linkage disequilibrium （LD） patterns and distributions are of fundamental importance for genome-wide mapping associations. The mean r^2 value for all intrachromosomal loci pairs was 0.033. LD between linked markers decreased with distance. Marker-trait associations were investigated using the unified mixed-model approach, considering both population structure （Q） and kinship （K）. A total of 42 marker-trait associations with amino acids （P 〈 0.05） were identified using 15 different SSR markers covering three chromosomes and explaining more than 40% of the total variation. These results suggest that association analysis in rice is a viable alternative to quantitative trait loci mapping and should help rice breeders develop strategies for improving rice quality.

关键词： Amino acid content association mapping linkage disequilibrium population structure simple sequence repeats.

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Extinction of Light in the Galactic Halo: First Observational Evidence of the Interaction of Light and Dark Matter

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第8期15卷 1144-1198页

作者： Charles H. McGruder iii Department of Physics and Astronomy Western Kentucky University Bowling Green USA

We study the distribution of quasars on the celestial sphere according to ground-based SDSS and space-based WISE and Gaia observations. All distributions as a function of galactic latitude, b, exhibit a decrease in quasar frequency well outside the dust in and near the galactic plane. We prove that the observed decrease in quasar frequency at high galactic latitudes is not accompanied by reddening, meaning that it can not be caused by dust. The scattering of light by the circumgalactic gas is negligible because the Thomson scattering cross section is very small. We conclude the observed scattering of light must be caused by dark matter in the galactic halo. We determine the mass and charge of dark matter particles. If the dark matter particle is a fermion its mass, mDMand charge eDM=δe, where e is the elementary charge are: mDM=3.2×10−2eV and δ=3.856×10−5. If however the dark matter particle is spinless then: mDM=0.511eV and δ=2.132×10−4. These values for the charge of a dark matter particle are orders of magnitude higher than the upper limit of the neutrino charge according to laboratory experiments. Consequently, dark matter particles are not charged neutrinos. Since dark matter particles are charged, they must emit and absorb electromagnetic radiation. However, PDM~δ2, or: PDM~1.487×10−9Pe, where Peis the power output of a single electron.

关键词： Milky Way Dark Matter Halo (1049)

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Calibrating SECCM measurements by means of a nanoelectrode *** intrinsic oxygen reduction activity of PtNi catalyst nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1564-1569页

作者： emmanuel Batsa Tetteh Tobias Loffler Tsvetan Tarnev Thomas Quast Patrick Wilde Harshitha Barike Aiyappa Simon Schumacher Corina Andronescu Richard D.Tilley Xingxing Chen Wolfgang Schuhmann Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr University BochumUniversitatsstr.150D-44780 BochumGermany Chemical Technology iii Faculty of Chemistry and CENIDE-Center for NanointegrationUniversity Duisburg EssenCarl Benz Str.199D-47057 DuisburgGermany School of Chemistry and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine University of New South WalesSydney 2052Australia Research Group of Functional Materials for El

Scanning electrochemical cell microscopy(SECCM)is increasingly applied to determine the intrinsic catalytic activity of single electrocatalyst *** is especially feasible if the catalyst nanoparticles are large enough that they can be found and counted in post-SECCM scanning electron microscopy ***,this becomes impossible for very small nanoparticles and hence,a catalytic current measured in one landing zone of the SECCM droplet cannot be correlated to the exact number of catalyst *** show,that by introducing a ruler method employing a carbon nanoelectrode decorated with a countable number of the same catalyst particles from which the catalytic activity can be determined,the activity determined using SECCM from many spots can be converted in the intrinsic catalytic activity of a certain number of catalyst nanoparticles.

关键词： intrinsic electrocatalytic activity nanoelectrochemistry scanning electrochemical cell microscopy(SECCM) PtNi nanoparticles single entity electrochemistry alkaline medium

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