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Phytochemicals, polyphenols content, in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Albizia coriaria Welw ex. Oliver flowers

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Traditional Medicine Research 2023年第2期8卷 1-6页

作者： Timothy Omara Ambrose K.kiprop Viola J.Kosgei Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of Sciences and Aerospace StudiesMoi UniversityP.O.Box 3900-30100EldoretKenya Africa Center of Excellence II in Phytochemicals Textile and Renewable Energy(ACE II PTRE)Moi UniversityP.O.Box 3900-30100EldoretKenya Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources Department of ChemistryUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna3430TullnAustria Testing Department Uganda National Bureau of StandardsBweyogerere Industrial and Business ParkP.O.Box 6329KampalaUganda

Albizia coriaria Welw ***(hereafter ***)is a revered medicinal tree whose organs are used by indigenous African societies for managing various ***,we assessed the secondary metabolites,total polyphenolics,free radical scavenging and antimicrobial activities of *** *** dry powdered sample was extracted serially with ethyl acetate,ethanol and distilled *** of classical phytochemical screening showed that saponins,phenols,alkaloids,flavonoids,tannins and terpenes were the dominant *** highest total polyphenolic content(10.37±0.02 mg QE/g DW and 72.09±0.09 mg GAE/g DW)and free radical scavenging potential(IC50=24.23±0.04 mg/mL)were for the ethyl acetate *** also had a higher bacteriostatic activity than the ethanolic extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Salmonella typhi,Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with diameters of inhibition ranging from 7.00±0.00 to 22.00±1.73 *** aqueous extract showed no appreciable antibacterial effect on the tested *** is the first report which support the use of floral extracts of this species in the management of ailments in African traditional medicine.

关键词： bacteriostatic Albizia coriaria DPPH assay traditional medicine oxidative stress

Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** Benth.(Rutaceae):ethnomedicinal uses,phytochemistry,pharmacological activities,toxicity,and clinical application

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Traditional Medicine Research 2022年第6期7卷 12-42页

作者： Timothy Omara Ambrose K.kiprop Viola J.Kosgei Sarah Kagoya Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of Sciences and Aerospace StudiesMoi UniversityEldoret 3900-30100Kenya Africa Centre of ExcellenceⅡin Phytochemicals Textile and Renewable Energy(ACE II PTRE)Moi UniversityEldoret 3900-30100Kenya Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources Department of ChemistryUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna(BOKU)Tulln 3430Austria Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKyambogo UniversityKampala 1Uganda

Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** a plant extensively used in traditional ***,a synopsis of the research on various aspects of Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** *** electronic literature review revealed that formulations containing Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** used to manage and treat diabetes,eye problems,malaria,snake envenomation,malignancies,as well as venereal,gastrointestinal,reproductive,respiratory,dermatological,and odonatological *** date,90 compounds have been isolated and characterized from extracts of Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** extracts and isolated compounds from Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** anti-inflammatory,antimicrobial,antioxidant,antiplasmodial,antiproliferative,anti-human immunodeficiency virus-1,antimycobacterial,antihypertensive,and antidiabetic *** bioactivities can be attributed to alkaloids,coumarins,limonoids,and phenylpropanoids present in different parts of the *** some studies have indicated moderate toxicity of the extracts,some of the dominant compounds in this species,such as estragole and carbazole alkaloids,are mutagenic or cytotoxic.A clinical trial utilizing a Ghanaian herbal formulation containing Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** found to be effective in reducing pain associated with *** progress to date supports the traditional use of this species in herbal ***,these studies do not explain the relationships between traditional uses,pharmacological activities,and mechanisms of ***,further studies should be designed to understand the biochemical properties and physiological effects of Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** ***,facilitating the development and utilization of this medicinal resource.

关键词： carbazole alkaloid coumarin limonoid phenylpropanoid essential oil

Healthcare Services Interoperability in Kenya: Challenges and Opportunities

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E-Health Telecommunication Systems and Networks 2024年第1期13卷 1-11页

作者： Antony G. Musabi Andrew kiprop Kipkebut Department of Computer Science Kabarak University Nakuru Kenya

In an attempt to assess the Kenyan healthcare system, this study looks at the current efforts that are already in place, what challenges they face, and what strategies can be put into practice to foster interoperability. By reviewing a variety of literature and using statistics, the paper ascertains notable impediments such as the absence of standard protocols, lack of adequate technological infrastructure, and weak regulatory frameworks. Resultant effects from these challenges regarding health provision target enhanced data sharing and merging for better patient outcomes and allocation of resources. It also highlights several opportunities that include the adoption of emerging technologies, and the establishment of public-private partnerships to strengthen the healthcare framework among others. In this regard, the article provides recommendations based on stakeholder views and global best practices addressed to policymakers, medical practitioners, and IT specialists concerned with achieving effective interoperability within Kenya’s health system. This research is relevant because it adds knowledge to the existing literature on how healthcare quality can be improved to make it more patient-centered especially in Kenya.

关键词： Healthcare Services Interoperability Data Exchange

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基于电子平台的众包物流动态匹配问题研究

基于电子平台的众包物流动态匹配问题研究

作者： TUNDUNY COLLINS kiprop 北京交通大学

学位级别：硕士

沿着东非北部走廊的返程空载会造成不必要的成本支出,从而导致东非共同体贸易成本的增加。本文主要研究如何通过动态匹配平台来解决走廊沿线的返程空载问题,并进一步评估该平台减少返程空载的潜力。部分地或完全减少返程空车可以大大提... 详细信息

沿着东非北部走廊的返程空载会造成不必要的成本支出,从而导致东非共同体贸易成本的增加。本文主要研究如何通过动态匹配平台来解决走廊沿线的返程空载问题,并进一步评估该平台减少返程空载的潜力。部分地或完全减少返程空车可以大大提高运营效率,优化卡车运力、行驶时间、卡车燃料等运输资源的利用率,提高运输作业的盈利能力。通过切实可行的返程运输,承运人可以同时从去程和返程中获得收益,从而提供更具竞争力的运输价格。以往获得货源的方法,例如传统的协作模式和经纪人模式,都不太有效。由于这些方法无法有效地实现信息可视化并维护隐私,因此在获取信息和匹配车货方面的率存在较大的局限性。虽然承运人可以通过自发的合作来减少返程空驶,但信息共享引起的个人隐私的考虑,成为开展合作阻碍,导致承运人往往错失获得回程货源的机会。通过动态匹配平台进行的众包物流具有巨大的潜在优势,可以促进返程运输。信息和通信技术的应用,使承运人能够在保护隐私的前提下交换运输请求信息。平台通过整合实时监控、地理信息、历史地理信息分析以及用户偏好等来自于所有众包参与者的信息,促进车货自动匹配。利用共享单车的动态匹配理念,本文建立了一个关于托运人货物和承运人卡车动态匹配的模型。通过算例验证了车货动态匹配减少返程空驶的可行性。分析结果显示,随着参与者人数规模的增加,车货匹配的绩效也不断提高。此外,允许车辆绕路也增大了匹配成功率。本研究展示了承运人如何利用众包平台来识别并实时匹配托运人货源以减少返程中的空驶运力,最终从资源整合中受益。基于众包的返程运输可以带来显著的经济和社会效益。对于承运人来说,它可以有效地解决返程空驶问题,因而具有较大的低成本优势。通过将托运人的货物众包,它可以有效地利用承运人的返程空车运力,从而达到降低运输成本、缓解交通拥堵、减少空气污染的预期结果。

关键词：返程空驶返程运输众包物流数字化车货匹配信息和通信技术

Influence of Gum Arabic from <i>Acacia Senegal</i>var. <i>kerensis</i>on the Modifications of Pasting and Textural Properties of Cassava and Corn Starches

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2021年第11期12卷 1098-1115页

作者： Virate Jepkogei kiprop Mary N. Omwamba Symon M. Mahungu Department of Dairy and Food Science and Technology Egerton University Egerton Kenya Department of Applied Sciences The Eldoret National Polytechnic Eldoret Kenya

The use of hydrocolloids to modify the properties of native starches has been on the rise in the recent times due to the market demand for natural, safe and economical food ingredients. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of gum Arabic from Acacia senegal var. kerensis to modify pasting and textural properties of corn and cassava starches, as an alternative to chemical and enzymatic modification. Blends were prepared by substituting the starches with gum at different levels (0%, 0.5%, 2.0%, 4.0%, 6.0% and 8.0%), whereas native corn and cassava starches were used as control. The pasting properties of the starch-gum mixed systems were determined using the Brabender viscograph while the textural properties (firmness, consistency, cohesiveness and work of cohesion) were determined using Texture Analyzer. Results showed that the gum Arabic significantly decreased all the viscosity parameters (peak viscosity, final viscosity, break down and setback values) of both starches at all levels of substitution. However, there was no significant effect of gum Arabic on the pasting temperature (72.05°C - 71.85°C) for corn starch and (68.90°C - 68.65°C)

关键词： Starch Gum Arabic Pasting Properties Textural Properties Retrogradation

基于安卓平台的表情符号社交应用系统的设计与实现

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基于安卓平台的表情符号社交应用系统的设计与实现

作者：基罗（kiprop JULIUS KIBET）北京理工大学

学位级别：硕士

社交网络是互联世界中最常用的交流渠道之一。近几年,由于智能手机的便携性,移动社交网络越来越受欢迎,成为了用于社交的理想工具。移动社交网络的概念结合了社会科学和通信科学,开创了一个关于内容发布、数据交换、共享和交付服务的新... 详细信息

社交网络是互联世界中最常用的交流渠道之一。近几年,由于智能手机的便携性,移动社交网络越来越受欢迎,成为了用于社交的理想工具。移动社交网络的概念结合了社会科学和通信科学,开创了一个关于内容发布、数据交换、共享和交付服务的新研究领域。在一个发展和充满了复杂丰富信息的社会里,社交网络的主要目标是促进形成高效、智能的通信通道和友好的交流工具。通过利用语言信息和移动设备上普及服务的社交网络数据,最终目的使沟通尽可能简单。在现在普遍使用的社交网站中,交流的主要形式是文本文字,然而最近几年,Emoji表情符号与文字同时使用。与文本相比,emoji更简单和方便,显著提高了沟通的效率。Emoji可以在最短的时间内尽可能的表达,优化思想和情感。本文的研究重点是,在android平台上设计和实现的一个移动社交应用,该应用程序使用标准的和用户自定义的emoji,还有文本文字。

关键词： Emoji MSN Android系统社交应用

Determination of the Fatty Acid Profile of Breast Milk from Nursing Mothers in Bungoma County, Kenya

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2016年第8期7卷 661-670页

作者： Virate J. kiprop Amy W. Girard Lilian A. Gogo Mary N. Omwamba Symon M. Mahungu Department of Dairy and Food Science and Technology Egerton University Egerton Kenya Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta GA USA

The fatty acid profile in breast milk of nursing mothers who participated in a Cohort for Vitamin A (COVA) study at the fourth and ninth month of lactation was investigated. Breast milk samples were collected by manual expression and stored at - 20°C until analysis. The fat was extracted from the milk and methylated using the American Oil Chemists’ Society (AOCS) Official Methods with modifications. The separation, identification and quantification of the fatty acid methyl esters was performed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Fat contents of human milk increased significantly between the fourth and ninth month of lactation 0.38 and 1.21 mg·mL-1 respectively;P 0.05) than the average percent of the total unsaturated FAs (48.93%). Similarly, at the 9th month the percentage average of the total saturated fatty acids (15.18%) was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than the average percent of the total unsaturated FAs (31.05%). The results obtained in this study demonstrated that the fat content in breast milk significantly increased in the 9th compared to the 4th month of lactation. The fatty profile was also significantly different with the omega 6 being the dominant at the 9th month compared with the omega - 9 being dominant at the 4th month of lactation.

关键词： Fatty acid Profile Breast Milk Nursing Mothers Fatty Acid Methyl Esters Lactation