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demographic features and visual outcomes of patients presenting to diabetic photo-screening and treated for sight threatening retinopathy in Fiji

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第5期10卷 790-795页

作者： Riyaz Bhikoo Neil Murray Biu Sikivou Stephanie emma Charles McGhee The Fred Hollows Foundation New Zealand Auckland 1023New Zealand department of Ophthalmology New Zealand National Eye Centre University of Auckland Auckland 1023 New Zealand Pacific Eye Institute Suva Fiji

AIM：To describe the demographic features and visual outcomes of patients presenting to photo-screening services, and treated for sight threatening retinopathy（STR） in a low resource setting, ***：A retrospective review of all new patients who presented for diabetic photo-screening at the diabetic Eye Clinic, Suva in 2010. Fundus images were graded using standardised guidelines. Patient demographics, retinopathy grading and visual acuity data were extracted from the database and analyzed. Patients that received laser therapy and still attending follow up in 2012 were examined for disease progressionRESULTS：Totally 2236 patients were photo-screened, 87%（3870/4472） of images were gradable. STR was observed in 26%（988/3870） with advanced STR（proliferative retinopathy/severe maculopathy） in 10%（385/3870）. Of those with STR, 59% had BCVA ≥6/18, 31% with advanced STR were 〈6/60. Male gender [odds ratio（OR） 1.59; 1.20-2.12], history of hypertension（OR 1.36; 1.03-1.80） and peripheral neuropathy（OR 1.41; 1.01-1.95） were predictive of advanced STR. In 2012, 32%（315/988） attended follow up with 69% exhibiting advanced STR compared with 53% of the same cohort in 2010. Laser photocoagulation was administered to 212 eyes（212/3870, 5%） with retinopathy and maculopathy progression observed in 52% and 33% respectively. BCVA ≥6/18 was noted in 67%（143/212） of treated eyes. Improved glycaemic control（OR 46.52; 1.50-1441.90） amongst those with advanced STR was predictive of eyes that maintained good ***：In Fiji, a quarter of new patients presenting to photo-screening have STR with a third of those with advanced STR having already loss vision. Improved glycaemic control and timely treatment of patients with sight threatening complications is important in halting disease progression.

关键词： diabetic retinopathy sight threatening photocoagulation pacific islands developing countries

The influence of resistance training on adipokines in post-menopausal women:A brief review

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2022年第4期4卷 219-224页

作者： Tomas Chapman-Lopez dylan Wilburn emma Fletcher Kathleen Adair Ahmed Ismaeel Jeffery Heileson Andrew Gallucci LesLee Funderburk Panagiotis Koutakis Jeffrey S.Forsse department of Health Human Performance and Recreation Baylor UniversityWacoTX76706USA Clinical Muscle Biology Lab Biology DepartmentBaylor UniversityWacoTX76798USA department of Physiology University of Kentucky780 Rose St.MS508LexingtonKY40536USA Human Sciences and design Baylor UniversityWacoTX76798USA

The onset of menopause elicits changes in body composition that negatively influence adipokine ***,various health risk factors(e.g.,cardiovascular disease,osteoporosis,physical inactivity,obesity,arterial hypertension,hypercholesterolemia,sarcopenia)are influenced by adipokines due to changes in body composition after ***,improvements in body composition are considered the primary influencer of *** several therapeutic interventions(e.g.,medication,diet,meditation,exercise)are employed to target changes in body composition,resistance training appears to be more effective in positively improving body composition through changes in lean-muscle mass/fat-mass ***,due to the lack of research,very little is known about adipokines'anti/inflammatory response in postmenopausal women after completing resistance *** resistance training studies in postmenopausal women have focused on leptin,adiponectin,and resistin,with limited research assessing other adipokines that are important in metabolic regulation and inflammatory ***,the consistency of resistance training protocols as an intervention is not standardized or fully ***,the focus of this review is to establish a more comprehensive understanding of the benefits of resistance training on influencing adipokine levels based on changes to total body composition in postmenopausal women.

关键词： Adipokines Post-menopause Resistance training Body composition

Social interactivity in pigeon courtship behavior

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Current Zoology 2017年第1期63卷 85-95页

作者： emma L.R. WARE daniel R. SAUNdERS Nikolaus F, TROJE department of Psychology Queen's University Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada Centre for Neuroscience Studies Queen's University Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada Wellesley Institute Toronto Ontario M4V 3B Canada Centre for Brain/Mind Sciences University of Trento Trento Italy department of Biology Queen's University Kingston K7L 3N6 Canada

A closed-loop teleprompter system was used to isolate and manipulate social interactivity in thenatural courtship interactions of pigeons Columbia livia. In Experiment 1, a live face-to-face real-time interaction between 2 courting pigeons （Live） was compared to a played back version of thevideo stimulus recorded during the pairs Live interaction. We found that pigeons were behavinginteractively; their behavior depended on the relationships between their own signals and those oftheir partner. In Experiment 2, we tested whether social interactivity relies on spatial cues presentin the facing direction of a partner＇s display. By moving the teleprompter camera 90~ away from itsoriginal location, the partner＇s display was manipulated to appear as if it is directed 90~ away fromthe subject. We found no effect of spatial offset on the pigeon＇s behavioral response. In Experiment3, 3 time delays, 1 s, 3s, and 9s, a Live condition, and a playback condition were chosen to investi-gate the importance of temporal contiguity in social interactivity. Furthermore, both opposite-sex（courtship） and same-sex （rivalry） pairs were studied to investigate whether social-context affectssocial interactivity sensitivity. Our results showed that pigeon courtship behavior is sensitive totemporal contiguity. Behavior declined in the 9 s and Playback conditions as compared to Live con-dition and the shorter time delays. For males only, courtship behavior also increased in the 3-sdelay condition. The effect of social interactivity and time delay was not observed in rivalry inter-actions, suggesting that social interactivity may be specific to courtship.

关键词： courtship behavior, pigeons, social interactivity, spatial offset, time delay, video playback.

Chicory(Cichorium intybus L.) and cereals differently affect gut development in broiler chickens and young pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第2期5卷 230-235页

作者： Haoyu Liu emma Ivarsson Torbjrn Lundh Jan Erik Lindberg department of Animal Nutrition and Management Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesP.O.Box 7024Uppsala SE-750 07Sweden

dietary fiber, resistant to host-mediated digestion in the small intestine due to lack of endogenous enzymes, impacts many facets of animal health and is associated with gut development especially in young monogastrics. Furthermore, it can be used as in-feed antibiotic alternative. Chicory （Cichorium intybus L.） forage with high content of pectin （uronic acids as building blocks） is a novel class of dietary fiber that is chemically different from cereal grains （with high content of arabinoxylans）. In the present study, we investigated effects of dietary inclusion of chicory forage on digestibility, gut morphology and microbiota in broilers and young pigs. In the chicken experiment, 160 1-d old broiler chicks were fed 3 nutritionally balanced diets for 30 d including a cereal-based diet and 2 diets with part of the cereals substituted with 60 and 120 g/k9 chicory forage （CF60 and CF120], whereas in the pig experiment, 18 seven-wk old Yorkshire pigs were fed 3 diets for 18 d including a cereal-based diet and 2 diets with 80 and 160 g/kg chicory forage inclusion （CF80 and CF160）. Our results showed that young pigs were capable to utilize chicory forage well with higher total tract apparent digestibility （TTAd） of all fiber fractions, particularly uronic acid, compared with the control （P 〈 0.01）. In contrast, a decreased TTAd of all fiber fractions was observed in chickens fed on diet CF120 （P 〈 0.05）. Moreover, diet induced changes in gut morphology were observed in the large intestine of chickens. The alteration of cecal mucosal thickness was further positively correlated with TTAd of non-starch polysaccharides （NSP） and its constituent sugars （P 〈 0.05）. In addition, in pigs, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism （T-RFLP） analysis of intestinal microbiota revealed substantial dietary effects （cereal control diet vs. chicory forage inclusion） on the relative abundance of 2 dominant bacterial phylotypes （Prevotella sp. vs. Roseburia sp.） respectively （P 〈

关键词： Broiler Cereal arabinoxylans Chicory uronic acids digestibility Gut development Microbiota Pectin Young pigs

Conventional type 1 dendritic cells protect against age-related adipose tissue dysfunction and obesity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第2期19卷 260-275页

作者： Elena Hernández-García Francisco J.Cueto emma C.L.Cook Ana Redondo-Urzainqui Sara Charro-Zanca Iñaki Robles-Vera Ruth Conde-Garrosa Ivana Nikolić Guadalupe Sabio david Sancho Salvador Iborra department of Immunology Ophthalmology and ENTSchool of MedicineUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadrid 28040Spain Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares(CNIC) Madrid 28029Spain

Conventional dendritic cells(cdCs)scan and integrate environmental cues in almost every tissue,including exogenous metabolic *** cdCs are critical in maintaining immune balance,their role in preserving energy homeostasis is ***,we showed that Batf3-deficient mice lacking conventional type 1 dCs(cdC1s)had increased body weight and adiposity during *** led to impaired energy expenditure and glucose tolerance,insulin resistance,dyslipidemia,and liver ***1 deficiency caused adipose tissue inflammation that was preceded by a paucity of NK1.1+invariant NKT(iNKT)***,among antigen-presenting cells,cdC1s exhibited notable induction of IFN-γproduction by iNKT cells,which plays a metabolically protective role in lean adipose ***3L treatment,which expands the dendritic cell(dC)compartment,mitigated diet-induced obesity and hyperlipidemia in a Batf3-dependent *** effect was partially mediated by NK1.1+*** results reveal a new critical role for the cdC1-iNKT cell axis in the regulation of adipose tissue homeostasis.

关键词： dendritic Cells NKT Obesity ageing FLT3L

A Graph-Based Pan-Genome Guides Biological discovery

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Molecular Plant 2020年第9期13卷 1247-1249页

作者： Yongfu Tao david R.Jordan emma S.Mace Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation(QAAFI) The University of QueenslandHermitage Research FacilityWarwickQLD 4370Australia

The availability of reference genomes has been the foundation for genomics research in the last ***,as reports of presence/absenee variations of sequence and genes are growing in various species(Zhang et al.,2016;Sun et al.,,2018)it is increasingly evident that a single reference genome provides an in adequate represe ntation of the whole landscape of sequence diversity within a ***-genome analysis provides a platform to investigate the entire genome repertoire of a biological clade.

关键词： species. landscape Graph