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Female Infertility and Obesity across the United States—A Geographic Cross-Sectional Analysis

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2024年第3期12卷 179-189页

作者： Raegan Abadie emily m. Dantes Jennifer H. Shaw Dani Zoorob Health Sciences Center in Shreveport Louisiana State University Shreveport LA USA Department of Biomedical Sciences Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine South Georgia Moultrie GA USA Health Sciences Center in Shreveport Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Louisiana State University Shreveport LA USA

This cross-sectional study investigates a connection between female infertility and obesity across various regions of the United States, utilizing data from the NIH’s “All of Us” Researcher Workbench. Analysis suggested that the Southern region exhibited the highest percentage of concurrently infertile and obese females at 32.3%, in contrast to the lowest in the Western region at 28.7%. The findings underscore the significant regional disparities in obesity-related infertility, particularly in medically underserved areas where healthcare access is limited. The study highlights the urgent need for targeted public health interventions, particularly in the Southern United States, to address the rising prevalence of obesity and its impact on infertility. Further, these results advocate for enhanced public health education and policies aimed at improving healthcare accessibility, with the goal of mitigating the adverse effects of obesity on reproductive health.

关键词： Female Infertility medical Deserts Obesity South

Long-term follow-up of kidney transplant recipients admitted to a tertiary care transplant center with SARS-CoV-2

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第2期13卷 87-95页

作者： emily E Zona mina L Gibes Asha S Jain Jeannina A Smith Jacqueline m Garonzik-Wang Didier A mandelbrot Sandesh Parajuli Division of Nephrology Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWI 53705United States Department of Infectious Disease University of Wisconsin Hospital and ClinicsMadisonWI 53705United States Department of Surgery University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705United States Department of medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWI 53705United States Department of medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin MadisonMadisonWI 53705United States

BACKGROUND Kidney transplant recipients(KTR)are at risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)disease and mortality after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)*** predicted that hospitalization for COVID-19 and subsequent admission to the intensive care unit(ICU)would yield worse outcomes in *** was stratified by ICU *** of interest included risk factors for ICU admission and mortality,length of stay(LOS),respiratory symptoms at admission,all-cause graft failure at the last follow-up,and death related to *** 96 KTRs were hospitalized for SARS-COV-2 infection.21(22%)required ICU *** ICU group had longer hospital LOS(21.8 vs 8.6 days,Pmore likely to experience graft failure(81%vs 31%,Pmitted to the ICU,76%had death at last-follow up,and 71%had death related to *** factors for ICU admission included male sex(aHR:3.11,95%CI:1.04-9.34;P=0.04).Risk factors for all-cause mortality and COVID-19-related mortality included ICU admission and advanced age at SARS-CoV-2 *** was highest within a month of COVID-19 diagnosis,with the ICU group having increased risk of all-cause(aHR:11.2,95%CI:5.11-24.5;Pmortality(aHR:27.2,95%CI:8.69-84.9;Pmission conferred an increased risk of mortality,graft failure,and longer ***-fifth of those hospit-alized died of COVID-19,reflecting the impact of COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality among KTRs.

关键词： Kidney transplants SARS-CoV-2 Intensive care unit admission Outcomes Graft failure

Associations of Gestational Exposure to Air Pollution and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Placental Inflammation

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Environment & Health 2024年第9期2卷 672-680页

作者： emily A.Craig Yan Lin Yihui Ge Xiangtian Wang Susan K.murphy Donald K.Harrington Richard K.miller Sally W.Thurston Philip K.Hopke emily S.Barrett Thomas G.O’Connor David Q.Rich Junfeng Zhang Nicholas School of the Environment&Duke Global Health Institute Duke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina 27708United States Department of Psychiatry University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Environmental medicine and Department of Pediatrics University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Psychology University of RochesterRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology and Department of Environmental medicine University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Public Health Sciences University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Rutgers School of Public HealthPiscatawayNew Jersey 08854United States Department of Psychiatry and Department of Neuroscience University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Public Health Sciences Department of Medicineand Department of Environmental MedicineUniversity of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States

Restricted fetal growth(RFG)is a leading contributor to perinatal mortality and has been associated with gestational exposure to air pollution,such as fine particulate matter(Pm_(2.5)),nitrogen dioxide(NO2),and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs).This study examines the association between trimester-specific and weekly means of air pollution throughout gestation and placental inflammatory markers at *** a prospective cohort study of 263 pregnant women in Rochester,NY,we measured interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)in placental tissue and estimated gestational exposure to Pm_(2.5)and NO_(2)using a high-resolution spatial-temporal *** to PAHs was estimated using urinary 1-hydroxypyrene(1-OHP)concentrations collected once per *** distributed lag models with a penalized spline function,each interquartile range(2.6μg/m^(3))increase in Pm_(2.5)concentration during gestational weeks 6−11 was associated with decreased placental IL-6 levels(−22.2%,95%CI:−39.0%,−0.64%).Using multiple linear regression models,each interquartile range increase of 1-OHP was associated with an increase in TNF-αin the first trimester(58.5%,95%CI:20.7%,74.2%),third trimester(22.9%,95%CI:0.04%,49.5%),and entire pregnancy(29.6%,95%CI:3.9%,60.6%).Our results suggest gestational exposure to air pollution may alter the inflammatory environment of the placenta at delivery.

关键词： pregnancy air pollution PAHs placenta tumor necrosis factor interleukin

Oxidative Stress in Collegiate Cross Country Skiers in mid- and Post-Seasons

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Journal of Biosciences and medicines 2024年第5期12卷 99-110页

作者： Scott P. Jerome Kriya L. Dunlap Ava m. Parrish matthew L. Lowman emily m. Shipman Lawrence K. Duffy Arleigh J. Reynolds Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Institute of Arctic Biology University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Department of Biology & Wildlife University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Department of Veterinary medicine University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA

Purpose: The oxidative stress (OS) hypothesis of overtraining syndrome argues that increased production of free radicals through exercise cause muscle fatigue and damage resulting in lower athletic performance. Several studies have investigated OS immediately before and after exercise bouts in a training macrocycle. Our study aimed to compare OS of endurance athletes between a competition macrocycle and the immediate post-season recovery macrocycle. In addition, we aimed to identify athletes who experienced an unexplainable drop in athletic performance during the competition season in order to compare their OS to those who experienced no drop in performance. methods: Fifteen members of the University of Alaska Fairbanks cross country ski team volunteered for this study. Blood samples were taken in early February (“mid-season”) and late April (“post-season”). Participants completed questionnaires regarding physical activity and athletic performance at the time of the blood draws. Plasma was analyzed for 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), nitrotyrosine, nitric oxide (NOX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Significance was determined by Wilcoxon and mann-Whitney tests. Results: Participants displayed significantly higher (p Conclusion: Signs of oxidative stress and mitigation during the post-season recovery macrocycle were higher in athletes who reported experiencing a drop in athletic performance during the competition season macrocycle.

关键词： Oxidative Stress 4-Hydroxynonenal Superoxide Dismutase Athletic Performance Training macrocycle

Dietary(poly)phenol intake is associated with cardiometabolic health parameters in adolescents

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： emily P.Laveriano-Santos Sara Castro-Barquero Camila Arancibia-Riveros Ana maría Ruiz-León Rosa Casas Ramón Estruch Patricia Bodega mercedes de miguel Amaya de Cos-Gandoy Jesús martínez-Gómez Gloria Santos-Beneit Juan m.Fernández-Alvira Rodrigo Fernández-Jiménez Rosa m.Lamuela-Raventós Anna Tresserra-Rimbau The Zena and michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute， Icahn School of medicine at mount Sinai Department de Nutrició， Ciències de l'Alimentació I Gastronomia， XIA， Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'alimentació， Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB)， Universitat de Barcelona Department of Internal medicine， Hospital Clínic， Institutd'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS)， University of Barcelona Consorcio CIBER， m.P.Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn)， Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) mediterranean Diet Foundation 5. Foundation for Science， Health and Education (SHE) 6. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) 9. Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos

Background: The protective role of (poly)phenols against metabolic disorders has been extensively studied in adults but not in ***: To assess associations of dietary (poly)phenols and their subclasses with cardiometabolic health parameters in adolescents. methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 944 individuals aged 11 to 14 years enrolled in the SI! Program for Secondary Schools trial (NCT03504059). (Poly)phenol intake was assessed using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires and the Phenol-Explorer database. The measured cardiometabolic parameters were waist circumference (WC) age-sex z-score， blood pressure (BP) age-sex z-score， blood glucose (BG)， triglycerides (TG)， and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). multilevel mixed-effect linear regression models were applied to examine the association between (poly)phenol quintiles and cardiometabolic health ***: Compared to the lowest quintile， adolescents in the highest quintile of total (poly)phenol intake had lower WC z-scores (β=-0.09， 95%CI=-0.09;-0.08， P-for trend=0.002)， mean arterial pressure z-scores (β =-0.11， 95%CI=-0.12;-0.09， P-for trend=0.206)， and HDL-c (β=-1.52， 95%CI=-2.90;-0.14， P-for trend=0.108)， after multivariable adjustment. The WC z-scores (β=-0.11， 95%CI=-0.19;-0.03， P-for trend=0.013) and HDL-c (β=-2.16， 95%CI=-3.78;-0.53， P-for trend=0.046) were lower in the highest quintile of flavonoid intake compared to the lowest quintile. The highest quintile of phenolic acid intake was associated with a lower WC z-score (β=-0.14， 95%CI=-0.26;-0.02， P-for trend=0.011) and TG levels (β=-8.83， 95%CI=-12.37;-5.30， P-for trend mpared to the lowest quintile. Conclusion: A higher intake of (poly)phenols， espe

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同情与想象力在环境审美中的作用——围绕亚当·斯密的讨论

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郑州大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2024年第3期57卷 95-100,144页

作者： [英]艾米丽·布雷迪何敏(译) 得克萨斯农工大学哲学系得克萨斯州卡城77843 郑州大学哲学学院河南郑州450001

亚当·斯密的同情与想象力思想在环境审美中具有重要作用。虽然反对者认为,将情感和想象运用到对自然的审美鉴赏中可能会导致主观化和琐碎化,但这一思想还是有重要价值的。首先,同情与想象力可能提供一种更深层、更敏感的审美参与。其次... 详细信息

亚当·斯密的同情与想象力思想在环境审美中具有重要作用。虽然反对者认为,将情感和想象运用到对自然的审美鉴赏中可能会导致主观化和琐碎化,但这一思想还是有重要价值的。首先,同情与想象力可能提供一种更深层、更敏感的审美参与。其次,站在无功利的立场上,审美判断可能源于一种自我调控的反映,这种客观、理性立场可以避免由于过度人性化而导致的自然审美欣赏的失败。

关键词：亚当·斯密自然同情想象力环境美学

Altered physiology of gastrointestinal vagal afferents following neurotrauma

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第2期16卷 254-263页

作者： emily N.Blanke Gregory m.Holmes emily m.Besecker Department of Health Sciences Gettysburg CollegeGettysburgPAUSA Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences Penn State University College of MedicineHersheyPAUSA

The adaptability of the central nervous system has been revealed in several model *** particular interest to central nervous system-injured individuals is the ability for neural components to be modified for regain of *** both types of neurotrauma,traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury,the primary parasympathetic control to the gastrointestinal tract,the vagus nerve,remains anatomically ***,individuals with traumatic brain injury or spinal cord injury are highly susceptible to gastrointestinal *** gastrointestinal dysfunctions attribute to higher morbidity and mortality following traumatic brain injury and spinal cord *** the vagal efferent output remains capable of eliciting motor responses following injury,evidence suggests impairment of the vagal *** sensory input drives motor output,this review will discuss the normal and altered anatomy and physiology of the gastrointestinal vagal afferents to better understand the contributions of vagal afferent plasticity following neurotrauma.

关键词： gastrointestinal functions microbiome neurotrauma nodose ganglia sensory neuropathy spinal cord injury traumatic brain injury vagal afferents visceral reflexes

Artificial cavernosa-like tissue based on multibubble matrigel and a human corpus cavernous fibroblast scaffold

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 260-267页

作者： Yu-Zhuo Chen Yi-Hong Zhou min-Bo Yan ming Xiao Biao Liu Ying-Hao Yin Xiao-Li Tan Yong-Quan Huang Yu-Hong Lin Ting Xie Jia-Li Tian Qi Wang Jian-Ying Li Zi-Zhou meng Zheng Li emily Xing Yu-Xin Tang Ya-Wei Li Zhong-Zhen Su Liang-Yu Zhao Department of Ultrasound The Fifth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China Department of Interventional medicine Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical ImagingThe Fifth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China Department of Urology The Fifth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China Department of Andrology the Center for Men’s HealthUrologic Medical CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of ReproductiveMedicineShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080China Cedars-Sinai medical Center Los AngelesCA 90024USA

Ex vivo tissue culture of the human corpus cavernosum(cc)can be used to explore the tissue structural changes and complex signaling *** present,artificial Cc-like tissues based on acellular or three-dimensional(3D)-printed scaffolds are used to solve the scarcity of primary penis tissue ***,inconvenience and high costs limit the wide application of such ***,we describe a simple,fast,and economical method of constructing artificial CC-like *** Cc fibroblasts(FBs),endothelial cells(ECs),and smooth muscle cells(SmCs)were expanded in vitro and mixed with matrigel in specific proportions.A large number of bubbles were formed in the mixture by vortexing combined with pipette blowing,creating a porous,spongy,and spatial *** Cc FBs produced a variety of signaling factors,showed multidirectional differentiation potential,and grew in a 3D grid in matrigel,which is necessary for CC-like tissue to maintain a porous structure as a cell *** the C-like tissue,ECs covered the surface of the lumen,and SmCs were located inside the trabeculae,similar to the structure of the primary *** cell components remained stable for 3 days in vitro,but the EC content decreased on the 7th ***/integrated(WNT)signaling activation led to lumen atrophy and increased tissue fibrosis in CC-like tissue,inducing the same changes in characteristics as in the primary *** study describes a preparation method for human artificial cC-like tissue that may provide an improved experimental platform for exploring the function and structure of the cC and conducting drug screening for erectile dysfunction therapy.

关键词： artificial tissue corpus cavernosum ex vivo fibroblasts

Aberrant Th2 inflammation drives dysfunction of alveolar macrophages and susceptibility to bacterial pneumonia

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2018年第5期15卷 480-492页

作者： emily K moser Natania S Field Paula m Oliver Cell Pathology Division Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Cell and molecular Biology Program Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory medicine University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

The ubiquitin ligase,Itch,is required to prevent autoinflammatory disease in mice and ***-deficient mice develop lethal pulmonary inflammation characterized by the production of Th2 cytokines(for example,interleukin-4(IL-4));however,the contribution of Itch to immune defense against respiratory pathogens has not been *** found that Itch-deficient mice were highly susceptible to intranasal infection with the respiratory pathogen Klebsiella *** Itch-deficient mice exhibited increased immune cell infiltration,cytokine levels and bacterial burden in the respiratory tract compared with control ***,numbers of resident alveolar macrophages were reduced in the lungs from Itch-deficient mice both before and after *** levels of Th2 cytokines in the respiratory tract correlated with deceased alveolar macrophages,and genetic ablation of IL-4 restored alveolar macrophages and host defense to *** in Itch-deficient mice,suggesting that loss of alveolar macrophages occurred as a consequence of Th2 *** transfer of Itch−/−CD4+T cells into Rag−/−mice was sufficient to drive reduction in numbers of Itch-replete alveolar ***,we found that Stat6 signaling downstream of the IL-4 receptor directly reduced fitness of alveolar macrophages when these cells were exposed to the Itch−/−inflamed respiratory *** data suggest that Th2 inflammation directly impairs alveolar macrophage fitness in Itch−/−mice,and elucidate a previously unappreciated link between Th2 cells,alveolar macrophages and susceptibility to bacterial infection.

关键词： alveolar macrophage bacterial pneumonia Itch Th2 cell