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Do non-target species visit feeders and water troughs targeting small game?A study from farmland Spain using camera-trapping

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第2期16卷 226-239页

作者： joséA.ARMENTEROS jesús CARO Carlos SÁNCHEZ-GARCÍA Beatriz ARROYO joséA.PÉREZ Vicente RGAUDIOSO Emilio J.TIZADO Department of Animal Production Research Group on Game Species Breeding and ManagementUniversity of LeónLeónSpain Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos(IREC CSIC-UCLM-JCCM)Ciudad RealSpain Fundación Artemisan Ciudad RealSpain Department of Biodiversity and Environmental Management University of LeónPonferradaSpain

Provision of food and water is a widespread tool implemented around the world for the benefit of game and other wildlife,but factors affecting the use of food and water by non-target species are poorly known.We evaluated visits to feeders and water troughs by non-game species using camera-traps in two separate areas of Spain.Feeders and water troughs were either“protected”(when surrounded by more than 50%of shrubs/forest)or“open”(in the opposite case).A total of 18948 photos from 5344 camera-trapping days depicted animals,and 75 species were identified.Feeders and water troughs were visited by target species(partridges and lagomorphs,55.3%of visits)and non-target species(44.7%of visits).Among the latter,corvids were themost common(46.1%of visits),followed by rodents(26.8%),other birds(23.6%,mainly passerines),columbids(1.9%),and other species at minor percentages.The highest proportion of visiting days to feeders and water troughs was from corvids(0.173)followed by otherbirds(0.109)and rodents(0.083);the lowest proportion was recorded for columbids(0.016).Use intensity and visit frequency of water troughs tripled that recorded in feeders,and visits to open feeders/troughs were approximately twice those to protected ones.In summary:feeders and water troughs targeting small game species are also used regularly by non-target ones;they should be set close to cover to optimize their use by non-target species that are not competitors of target species(though corvids may visit them);water availability should be prioritized where drought periods are expected.

关键词： camera-trapping feeding game species management watering wildlife

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The need for a complete dental autopsy of unidentified edentulous human remains

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第2期7卷 319-322页

作者： emilio Nuzzolese Mario Torreggianti Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics University of TurinTurinItaly Private Dental Clinic TeramoItaly

In December 2017,a decomposed unidentified body was found near the river Tronto in Teramo,Italy.The corpse was found without any identifying documents or specific personal belongings,except for a packet of cigarettes.The medical examiner determined a gastric perforation from the intake of hydrochloric acid to be the cause of death.A jar of muriatic acid found near the body led to suicide being considered the manner of death.The Penal Court in Teramo appointed two forensic odontologists to complete the postmortem assessment and collect dental data for personal identification.The corpse was found wearing a complete set of upper and lower dentures.The dental autopsy and 42 periapical X-ray images helped generate a biological profile of a man totally edentulous with upper and lower dentures,as well as an osteosynthesis with two plates and screws in the left ascending ramus of the mandible.In March 2018,the sister of a missing person reported the disappearance of her brother,and a presumptive identification was performed through visual recognition of the decomposed body.The sister confirmed the presence of two dentures and the location of the maxillo-facial surgery for the treatment of the fractured mandible.A complete dental autopsy was able to establish his identity without any DNA comparison needed.This case highlights the importance of performing a complete dental autopsy inclusive of dental radiographs,and its value in the identification of all unknown human remains even when totally edentulous.A complete dental autopsy should be performed in all cases of human identification.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic odontology identification dental autopsy edentulous missing person

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The impact of maternal immune activation on the morphology and electrophysiological properties of postnatally-born neurons in the offspring

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 399-400页

作者： emilio j.Galván Angelica Zepeda Departamento de Farmacobiología CINVESTAV Unidad Sur CdMxMéxico、Centro de Investigaciones sobre el EnvejecimientoCIE-CinvestavCdMxMéxico Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental Instituto de Investigaciones BiomédicasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoUNAMCdMxMéxico

Pregnancy comes with a combination of physical changes and physiological immunosuppression that increases the susceptibility of women to pathogens and in turn,rises the prevalence of infectious diseases.

关键词： prevalence activation impact

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Integration of dentistry and forensic odontology for a structured identification system and border control

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第1期7卷 94-95页

作者： emilio Nuzzolese Department of Sciences of Public Health and Pediatrics University of Turin Turin Italy

Dear Editor,The increase in migration across countries has led to a range of problems in public health,border control,traveller and deceased identification,age assessment on unaccompanied minors,and identification of dead migrants.A review of these procedures in Italy highlights the need for a wider and centralized collection of antemortem and postmortem data as of the quality of postmortem data collection^([1]).

关键词： has highlights border

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The pharmacological treatment of epilepsy:recent advances and future perspectives

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Acta Epileptologica 2021年第1期3卷 141-151页

作者： emilio Perucca Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics Division of Clinical and Experimental PharmacologyUniversity of PaviaVia Ferrata 927100 PaviaItaly Department of Neuroscience Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoria 3004Australia

The pharmacological armamentarium against epilepsy has expanded considerably over the last three decades,and currently includes over 30 different antiseizure medications.Despite this large armamentarium,about one third of people with epilepsy fail to achieve sustained seizure freedom with currently available medications.This sobering fact,however,is mitigated by evidence that clinical outcomes for many people with epilepsy have improved over the years.In particular,physicians now have unprecedented opportunities to tailor treatment choices to the characteristics of the individual,in order to maximize efficacy and tolerability.The present article discusses advances in the drug treatment of epilepsy in the last 5 years,focusing in particular on comparative effectiveness trials of second-generation drugs,the introduction of new pharmaceutical formulations for emergency use,and the results achieved with the newest medications.The article also includes a discussion of potential future developments,including those derived from advances in information technology,the development of novel precision treatments,the introduction of disease modifying agents,and the discovery of biomarkers to facilitate conduction of clinical trials as well as routine clinical management.

关键词： Epilepsy Seizures Drug therapy Antiepileptic drugs Antiseizure medications Advances Review

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A human translational model based on neuroplasticity for pharmacological agents potentially effective in Treatment-Resistant Depression: focus on dopaminergic system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第6期15卷 1027-1029页

作者： Ginetta Collo emilio Merlo Pich Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine Section of PharmacologyUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly Department of Biomedicine University of BaselBaselSwitzerland(Collo G)Neuroscience Therapeutic Area UnitTakeda Pharmaceuticals InternationalZurichSwitzerland Division of Brain Science Imperial CollegeLondonUK(Merlo Pich E

Major depressive disorder(MDD)is a common psychiatric condition characterized by two main symptoms,low mood and anhedonia.About 15–30%of people suffering from MDD do not respond to standard-of-care antidepressants,e.g.,the serotonin re-uptake inhibitors(SSRI),and are considered affected by Treatment-Resistant Depression(TRD).The neurobiology of this condition is presently unknown.Recent attempts of developing novel treatments for TRD have been driven by four major breakthroughs:(1)Increasing dopaminergic neurotransmission improves TRD symptoms;(2)Anhedonia occurs when central dopaminergic neurotransmission is low;(3)Enhanced neuroplasticity is critical for the action of antidepressants;(4)Ketamine shows antidepressant properties in TRD patients and triggers neuroplasticity in preclinical animal models.These breakthroughs are at the basis of a putative human translational cellular model for antidepressant agents that we are proposing in this article.The rationale is briefly described here.

关键词： breakthrough plasticity translational

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A new method of discriminating different types of post-Archean ophiolitic basalts and their tectonic significance using Th-Nb and Ce-Dy-Yb systematics

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第4期6卷 481-501页

作者： emilio Saccani Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra Università di Ferrara

In this paper, a new discrimination diagram using absolute measures of Th and Nb is applied to postArchean ophiolites to best discriminate a large number of different ophiolitic basalts. This diagram was obtained using 〉2000 known ophiolitic basalts and was tested using -560 modern rocks from known tectonic settings. Ten different basaltic varieties from worldwide ophiolitic complexes have been examined. They include two basaltic types that have never been considered before, which are：（1） medium-Ti basalts （MTB） generated at nascent forearc settings; （2） a type of mid-ocean ridge basalts showing garnet signature （G-MORB） that characterizes Alpine-type （i,e., non volcanic） rifted margins and ocean-continent transition zones （OCTZ）. In the Th-Nb diagram, basalts generated in oceanic subductionunrelated settings, rifted margins, and OCTZ can be distinguished from subduction-related basalts with a misclassification rate 〈 1%. This diagram highlights the chemical variation of oceanic, rifted margin, and OCTZ basalts from depleted compositions to progressively more enriched compositions reflecting, in turn, the variance of source composition and degree of melting within the MORB-OIB array. It also highlights the chemical contributions of enriched （OIB-type） components to mantle sources. Enrichment of Th relative to Nb is particularly effective for highlighting crustal input via subduction or crustal contamination. Basalts formed at continental margin arcs and island arc with a complex polygenetic crust can be distinguished from those generated in intra-oceanic arcs in supra-subducrion zones （SSZ） with a misclassification rate 〈1%. Within the SSZ group, two sub-settings can be recognized with a misclassification rate 〈0.5%. They are：（1） SSZ influenced by chemical contribution from subduction- derived components （forearc and intra-arc sub-settings） characterized by island arc tholeiitic （IAT） and boninitic basalts; （2） SSZ with no contribution from subduction-derived components （nascent forearc sub-settings） characteri

关键词： Basalts Ophiolite Discrimination diagram Trace elements Plate tectonics

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Predicting 2D silicon allotropes on SnS2

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Nano Research 2017年第5期10卷 1697-1709页

作者： emilio Scalise Michel Houssa Max-Planck-lnstitut fur Eisenforschung GmbH Max-Planck-StraBe 1 40237 Dusseldorf Germany Semiconductor Physics Laboratory Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200 D B-3001 Leuven Belgium

A first principles study on the stability and structural and electronic properties of two-dimensional silicon allotropes on a semiconducfing layered metal-chalcogenide compound, namely SnS2, is performed. The interactions between the two- dimensional silicon layer, commonly known as silicene, and the layered SnS2 template are investigated by analyzing different configurations of silicene. The calculated thermodynamic phase diagram suggests that the most stable configuration of silicene on SnS2 belongs to a family of structures with Si atoms placed on three different planes; so-called dumbbell silicene. This particular dumbbell silicene structure preserves its atomic configuration on SnS2 even at a temperature of 500 K or as a ＂flake＂ layer （i.e., a silicene cluster terminated by H atoms）, thanks to the weak interactions between the silicene and the SnS2 layers. Remarkably, an electric field can be used to tune the band gap of the silicene layer on SnS2, eventually changing its electronic behavior from semiconducting to （semi）metallic. The stability of silicene on SnS2 is very promising for the integration of silicene onto semiconducting or insulating substrates. The tunable electronic behavior of the silicene/SnS2 van der Walls heterostructure is very important not only for its use in future nanoelectronic devices, but also as a successful approach to engineering the bang-gap of layered SnS2 paving the way for the use of this layered compound in energy harvesting applications.

关键词： silicene,tin sulfide,van der Waals （vdW）heterostructure,dumbbell,chalcogenide

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The Humean Way to China： Beyond the Stereotype

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2018年第2期13卷 265-285页

作者： emilio Mazza Department of Humanities International University of Language and Media Via Carlo Bo 420143 Milan Italy

David Hume seems to receive several stereotypes and commonplace sentiments about China regarding its religion, national character, government, practices and economy, that he goes on to dismantle. Doing so, he allows the eighteenth-century reader to look at China from a different perspective. This perspective can still be useful especially today, when the ＂immense distance＂ between China and Europe has been reduced and, as Hume would say, almost everything we use is Chinese. In the name of an ambivalent European tradition, we are often inclined to revive these commonplace sentiments （for example, the uniformity of Chinese character） and neglect that part of our own tradition that tries to understand what is behind them and that also offers us the tools to go beyond them. This study endeavors to assemble an array of Hume＇s scattered remarks, consider them in their context, and explore their possible sources in order to obtain not only a more Humean China, but also a more Chinese Hume.

关键词： David Hume China stereotype

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Adaptive phase field modelling of crack propagation in orthotropic functionally graded materials

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第1期17卷 185-195页

作者： Hirshikesh emilio Martínez-Paneda Sundararajan Natarajan Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonSW72AZUK

In this work,we extend the recently proposed adaptive phase field method to model fracture in orthotropic functionally graded materials(FGMs).A recovery type error indicator combined with quadtree decomposition is employed for adaptive mesh refinement.The proposed approach is capable of capturing the fracture process with a localized mesh refinement that provides notable gains in computational efficiency.The implementation is validated against experimental data and other numerical experiments on orthotropic materials with different material orientations.The results reveal an increase in the stiffness and the maximum force with increasing material orientation angle.The study is then extended to the analysis of orthotropic FGMs.It is observed that,if the gradation in fracture properties is neglected,the material gradient plays a secondary role,with the fracture behaviour being dominated by the orthotropy of the material.However,when the toughness increases along the crack propagation path,a substantial gain in fracture resistance is observed.

关键词： Functionally graded materials Phase field fracture Polygonal finite element method Orthotropic materials Recovery based error indicator

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